颌

Objective Orthognathic surgery is an ideal means which transform the dentofacial structure to attain the uniformity of function and beauty.

目的正颌外科是改造牙颌面结构达到功能和关貌统一的理想手段。

This model may be applied for the study of morphologic characteristics and changes induced by growth,orthodontic treatment and orthognathic operation on coronal plane.

该模型可用于颅颌面硬组织在冠状面上的形态特征及因生长、正畸矫治、正颌手术引起的形态变化研究。

PURPOSE: To Explore the application of orthognathic surgery to treat malunioned fracture of maxillofacial bone, and the methods in reconstructing facial shape and occlusion.

目的：探讨正颌外科技术在颌面部陈旧性骨折中的临床应用，以寻找恢复面部外形和正常咬合关系的方法。

This model may be applied for the study of morphologic characteristics and changes induced by growth,orthodontic treatment and orthognathic operation on middle sagittal plane.

该模型可用于颅颌面硬组织在正中矢状面上的形态特征及因生长、正畸矫治、正颌手术引起的形态变化研究。

Le Fort Ⅰ osteotomy combined with other orthognathic surgery proved to be an effective method for correction of maxillofacial deformities in patients with facial clefts.

以Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨术为主的正颌外科治疗，可以显著改善唇腭裂患者的颌骨与面容畸形。

At the beginning of last century, fundament experiments and clinical application had conformed that electrical stimulation treatment make for histo-regeneration, Shander showed electrical stimulation treatment raised osteanagenesis 20%, Takano showed electrical stimulation treatment restored premaxillare bone of mouse.

自上世纪初，基础试验及临床应用都证实，电刺激疗法(electrical stimulation treatment ，EST)有助于组织再生，Shander证实EST能提高颌骨再生20%，Takano试验表明EST能促进鼠前颌骨组织生长恢复。

Objective: The purpose of this study is to establish a periosteal distraction model on rabbit mandiblar ramus, to observe the formation of newly formed bone and its structure in each phase after distraction of periostea, to observe the changes of periostea after being secondary to distraction forces, to investigate the possibility of osteogenesis by periosteal distraction in oral and maxillofacial region, and to study the possibility of a new restoration method of clincal alveolar and other bony defect.

目的：本研究在兔下颌升支建立骨膜牵张成骨模型，观察牵张骨膜后，在骨膜下新骨的形成，以及新骨在各个阶段的结构，同时观察了骨膜受到牵张力后的改变，研究骨膜牵张在口腔颌面部成骨的可能，为牙槽骨缺损及其他口腔颌面部骨组织缺损探讨新的重建方法。

METHODS: Titanium nails (1.5 mm in diameter) were separately inserted on two sides of left premaxillary suture in rabbits. A self-made distraction device was used. Gelatum-like substance [V(subscript platelet-rich plasma):V=9:1] was injected into the left premaxillary suture of experimental group rabbits immediately prior to distraction.

分别在家兔左侧前颌缝的两侧置入钛钉（直径1.5mm），戴自制前牵引装置，试验组在牵张开始时，注射V∶V=9：1混合的凝胶样物质至左侧前颌缝内。

1Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China; 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China; 3Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oilfield, Dongying 257100, Shandong Province, China; 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinan Stomatologic Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China; 5Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China

1滨州医学院，山东省滨州市 256603；2滨州医学院附属医院口腔颌面外科，山东省滨州市 256603；3东营市胜利油田中心医院口腔科，山东省东营市 257100 ；4济南市口腔医院口腔颌面外科，山东省济南市 250000；5滨州医学院附属医院，山东省滨州市 256603

Four cases with maxillary osteotomy developed bone unhealing in the lateral wall of the maxilla, with oral antral fistula in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: With orthognathic surgery and rigid internal fixation, it is easy to reduce long-standing maxillofacial fracture and recover normal occlusion.

利用正颌外科设计程序和截骨手段结合坚强内固定技术治疗颌面骨陈旧性骨折，在将错位骨愈合的骨段重新复位或设计骨段移动到位的情况下，可恢复良好的面部外形和最大限度地改善咬合关系。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。