颈静脉

The variation of jugular foramen and relationship of vague nerves in and out of jugular foramen and other structures were studied.

颈静脉孔的变异情况，迷走神经在颈静脉孔内、外与其他结构的关系。

Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical data of 14 glomus cases.

方法对14例颈静脉孔区颈静脉球瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析研究。

Methods 12 healthy male SD rats were anaesthetized and heparinised. The right carotid artery, jugular vein and two distal ileocolic veins were cannulated for blood transfusion, volume compensation, drug infusion, and blood sampling respectively.

方法健康雄性SD大鼠l2只，作右侧颈动脉、颈静脉插管；开腹后，经回结肠静脉作门静脉插管，分别用以输血、输液、给药、留样、检测等。

There were differences among the incidence rates of high jugular bulb between two sides and different genders, but there were no significant difference among the pneumatolysis degrees in processus mastoideus and petrous apex. We can conclude that there was no correlation between temporal bone pneumatization and high jugular bulb.

颈静脉球高位的发生率在两侧及性别间存在差异，而在不同乳突及岩尖的气化程度间不存在差异，可以推论颞骨气化与颈静脉球高位没有相关性。

The incidence rates of high jugular bulb in petrous apex pneumatolysis I and III were 31.25% and 30.58%,and 31.64% and 29.02% in processus mastoideus pneumatic type and other types, with no significant difference.

岩尖气化I型与III型颈静脉球高位的发生率分别为31.25%及30.58%，乳突气化型与其它型颈静脉球高位的出现率分别为31.64%及29.02%，差别均不存在统计学意义。

Methods 300 cases (560 ears)of temporal CT axial images which were divided into two groups were retrospectively analyzed by statistics methods. There were 158 cases(316 ears)in normal group and 142 cases(244 ears)in abnormal group .The incidence of high jugular bulb , dehiscent jugular bulb, anterior location of sigmoid sinus, large sinus tympani, aberrant internal carotid artery, dehiscent of the facial nerve canal, excess of Korner's septum and mastoid antrum dysplasia were recorded.

回顾性分析300例(560耳)颞骨的HRCT轴位像，根据诊断结果将其分为正常组与疾病组，正常组158例(316耳)，疾病组142例(244耳)，统计以下变异的发生率：①颈静脉球高位②颈静脉球裸露③乙状窦前置④鼓室窦深位⑤迷走颈内动脉⑥面神经管水平段裸露⑦岩鳞隔过长⑧鼓窦缺如，并对结果进行统计学分析。

Inferior petrosal sinus extends from the posterior part of the cavernous sinus and courses along the clivus laterally, in IPS sulcus. It usually leaves cranial cavity through the jugular foramen and eventually joins the jugular bulb or the internal jugular vein.

岩下窦起自海绵窦后端，走行在斜坡两侧的IPS沟内，通常经颈静脉孔出颅，最终汇入颈静脉球或颈内静脉，沿途接收多条静脉的注入，与颅神经Ⅵ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ、Ⅺ关系密切。

Most of cases had following characteristic MRI findings: olfactory nerve tumors were often located at anterior cranial fossae and appeared as lobulated mass; optic nerve tumors presented as nerve thickening; tregemimal nerve tumors usually grew across the middle and posterior cranial fossae and appeared as a collar-button appearance; tumors of Ⅷ nerves were nerve thickening and located at CPA; facial nerve tumor was located in mastoid with irregular shape; hypoglossal nerve tumors, vagus nerve tumors and hypoglossal nerve tumors were often located in an enlarged jugular foramen.

脑神经肿瘤发生在特定部位，大部分有特征性MRI表现：嗅神经肿瘤多位于颅前窝，呈分叶状；视神经肿瘤多有神经束增粗；三叉神经肿瘤骑跨颅中、后窝生长，呈哑铃状；听神经肿瘤为第Ⅶ、Ⅷ神经束增粗，并与桥小脑角区肿瘤相连；面神经肿瘤位于乳头内，形态不规则；舌咽、迷走、舌下神经肿瘤位于颈静脉孔区，往往伴有颈静脉孔扩大。

In 3×3 Latin square design, three wethers of Inner Mongolian White Cashmere goats (25~30 kg) with the same father, fitted with permanent cannulas at the proximal duodenum, and with carotid artery, mesenteric and portal venous catheters were used to investigate the effect of absorbable amino acid pattern in the small intestine, which were M, M90+C10 and M80+C20, on absorption and metabolism of amino acids in IMWC goats.

选用3只体况良好，体重25～30 kg的2周岁内蒙古白绒山羊半同胞羯羊，安装永久性十二指肠近端瘘管以及门静脉、肠系膜静脉、颈动脉、颈静脉慢性血插管进行试验。采用3×3拉丁方试验设计，3个试验处理的十二指肠氨基酸灌注模式分别为M、M90+C10、

Blood samples, collected from animals in the status of normal feeding, 48 hours fasting and after infusion with sodium propionate, glucose, or amino acids, were analyzed for leptin, neuropeptide Y , insulin and cortisol.

NPY在门静脉和肝静脉采食前稍高于采食后，颈静脉反之。胰岛素在三种静脉血中的浓度呈现采食前高于采食后，只有颈静脉呈现显著性变化。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。