颈动脉

Results In 84 cases of nerve root type,stenosis was found in 438 intervertebral foramen,of which C6～7 and C5～6 intervertebral foramen stenosis accounted for 79.6%.The causes of intervertebral foramen stenosis were uncinate process articulation hyperosteogeny,intervenebral disc protrusion,vertebral body hypertrophy,zygapophysis hyperosteogeny and dislocation etc.40 cases of vertbral artery type manifested that vertbral artery became slim and deviousness as a result of the compression of vertbral artery （20.7%） by osteophyte.22 cases of myeloid type manifested with cervical spinal canal stenosis,hyperosteogeny of posterior vertebral body edge,posterior longitudinal ligament calcification and cervical intervertebral disc protrusion etc.

结果 84例神经根型中，发现椎间孔狭窄438处，其中C5～6和C6～7椎间孔狭窄占79.6%，椎间孔狭窄的成因有钩突关节骨质增生、椎间盘突出、椎体肥大、小关节突骨质增生、错位等；40例椎动脉型表现为骨赘压迫椎动脉（52.5%），导致椎动脉变细、粗细不均和椎动脉迂曲。22例脊髓型表现为颈椎椎管狭窄、椎体后缘骨质增生、后纵韧带钙化、椎间隙狭窄和颈椎间盘突出等。

Material and Methods:From March,2008 to January,2009,250 patients(146 Males and 104 Females,ranged from 18 to 82 years old,mean age was 48 years old) enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College were performed dual energy scan(Group A,200 patients) and Neuro-DSA scan(Group B,50 patients) using DSCT.The patients were randomly divided into Group A and Group B.Regarding to the justification of scan protocol,100 patients in Group A were selected as sub-group to explore the scan protocol.The image quality Was analyzed both in four categories(4.0/60、4.5/60、4.0/70、4.5/70) of flow rate and total amount of contrast-enhanced material and in three categories(100—150HU、150—200HU、200-250HU) of CT value of left common carotid artery.The comparison of two scan approach was based on image quality,radiation does, postprocessing methods,time of scanning and subtraction and data storage amount.To validate the diagnostic capability of DE-CTA virtual unenhanced images,100 patients in Group A were undergoing head scan both in routine non-contrast program and DE-CTA virtual unenhanced program.Mean CT values,signal-to-noise ratio,image quality,sensitivity of lesion identification,and radiation does were applied to comparison.According to diagnostic results of dual energy of cerebral arterial angiography,62 patients out of 200 patients in Group A were confirmed with cerebral vessel lesions,the results were complied with DSA findings(the time between the two methods were within 1 week).

材料与方法收集2008年3月到2009年1月间在昆明医学院第一附属医院行DSCT CTA检查者250例(男性146例，女性104例，年龄范围18-82岁，平均48岁)，随机分为A、B两组，A组200例行双能量头颅CTA扫描；B组50例行Neuro-DSA扫描。A组前100例按对比剂不同流率和总量分为4组(4.0/60、4.5/60、4.0/70、4.5/70)对图像质量比较；按触发时左颈总动脉内平均CT位分3组(100—150HU、150—200HU、200-250HU)，比较图像质量的差异；对A、B两组血管图像质量、辐射剂量、后处理的方法、扫描和后处理时间及数据的容量进行比较分析；A组中前100例行常规与DE-CTA虚拟平扫的平均CT值、信号噪声比、图像质量、病灶显示情况、辐射剂量的比较分析；A组中行DSA检查62例(两种方法间隔时间均1周内)，比较两种检查方法诊断结果是否符合，并对其中24例动脉瘤行动脉瘤部位、数目、形态、瘤颈显示程度、瘤颈大小及瘤体长径和短径的比较研究。

METHODS: Newborn rats in the model and laser treatment groups were treated with low-concentration oxygen (containing 8% O2 and 92% N2) following deligation of the left common carotid artery to establish models of ischemia-hypoxia brain damage. Rats in the sham operation group did not receive deligation of the left common carotid artery, but exposed to the air.

模型组、激光治疗组新生大鼠通过结扎左颈总动脉后，再吸入低浓度氧(含体积分数为8%的O2、体积分数为92%的N2)建立缺血缺氧性脑损伤模型；假手术组不结扎左颈总动脉，置于正常空气中。

Methods:Using dogs as experimental objects,we ligated one side of carotis extern al artery and occipitalis artery.Electromagnetic flowmeter was used to measure t he blood flowing volume of carotis artery;polygraph system was used to investigate the change of blood pressure,ECG and heart rate.

以犬为实验对象，结扎一侧颈外动脉及枕动脉，以电磁流量计测颈动脉血流量，用多道生理记录仪记录血压、心电图及心率的变化。

Both the two sides superior thyroid arteries were mainly arose from antero-endhymenine wall of genesis arteries (58.45%), inferior thyroid arteries of the thyrocervical trunk from endhymenine wall, and the ima thyroid arteries of genesis arteries all from anterior wall.

甲状腺上动脉源自起源动脉前内壁最多(58.45%)；起源于甲状颈干的双侧甲状腺下动脉均源自其内侧壁；甲状腺最下动脉均源自起源动脉前壁。

The expression of p-p38 and Rho GDIαwas upregulated in LCA by either low shear stress or hypertension. However, the highest expression of p-p38 and Rho GDIαwas observed in LCA of low shear stress accompanied by hypertension.(4) Effect of low shear stress on both decreasing apoptosis and increasing proliferation of VSMCs in LCA was reversed by tributyrin, a HDAC inhibitor.

当高血压伴有低切应力时，两者的协同作用诱导p-Akt的表达水平进一步增加；(3)高血压和低切应力都可以诱导颈总动脉p38和Rho GDIα表达增加；当高血压伴有低切应力时，两者的协同作用诱导颈总动脉p38和Rho GDIα表达进一步增加；(4)HDAC抑制剂Tributyrin可以通过抑制VSMCs增殖，促进VSMCs凋亡，在干预低切应力诱导的血管重建中发挥作用。

Results The aneurysms were clipped directly in 46 cases, aneurysm trapping with bypass of superficial temporal artery to MCA and external carotid artery to MCA with great saphenous vein graft in the 2 cavernous aneurysms. Postoperative angiography was taken in 43 cases, showing that most of aneurysms were clipped satisfactorily.

结果 46例动脉瘤直接夹闭，2例海绵窦段动脉瘤行动脉瘤孤立并分别做颞浅动脉－大脑中动脉和大隐静脉移植颈外动脉－大脑中动脉搭桥手术。43例术后行DSA检查，绝大多数动脉瘤夹闭满意。

METHODS: Bilateral common carotid arteries of rats in the ischemia and treatment groups were splinted for 30 minutes and reperfused for 1 hour to establish models of isehemic cerebral injury.

缺血组和治疗组大鼠夹闭双侧颈总动脉30min后再灌注1h，建立缺血性脑损伤模型；治疗组在缺血30min前腹腔注射参麦注射液2mL／kg（由红参、麦冬等中药组成）；缺血组不给药；对照组做假手术，不夹闭颈总动脉，也不给药。

The HIBD model was established by temporarily occluding the right common carotid artery for 3 hours with a thread through an elastic tube, and then they were exposed to the gas mixture of 80 ml/L oxygen and 920 ml/L nitrogen for 1 h.

经弹性管穿线阻断右颈总动脉3h，低氧(8％O_2和92％N_2混合气)1h，制备HIBD模型。3h后剪开扎线予再灌注，彩色多普勒监测右侧颈总动脉血流。

Blank group was not given any treatment; in the sham-operation group, only rght common carotid artery was isolated and right external carotid artery was dissected without occlusion.

空白对照组不作任何处理；假手术组仅分离右侧颈总动脉并离断右颈外动脉，不予栓塞。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。