预防

Currently there are l2 faculties 1n the college offering courses in l8 undergraduate programs in medical education which include Clinical medicine,Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology,Neuropsychiatry,Oncology,Pediatrics,Emergency Treatment,Pharmacy, Preventive Medicine,Matemal-child Health,Clinical Laboratory Science,Imaging Medicine,Stomatology,Narcology,Forensic Medicine, Nursing,Medical English,Medical Law,and Biomedical Engineering,and 4 Professional Training Programs which consist of Drug Marketing,Medical Laboratory Equipment Maintaining,Marketing,clinical Medicine and Nursing.

目前，学院下设有5个分院及4部3系19个本科专业和4个专科专业，即临床医学、临床医学专业眼耳鼻喉科学方向、临床医学专业神经精神病学方向、临床医学专业肿瘤学方向、临床医学专业儿科医学方向、临床医学专业急救医学方向、药学、预防医学、预防医学专业妇幼卫生学方向、医学检验、医学影像、口腔医学、麻醉学、法医学、护理学、英语专业医学英语方向、法学专业医事法律方向、生物医学工程等本科专业以及药品营销、医学检验设备维修及营销、临床医学、护理学等专科专业，在校生10000余人。

This essay reviews the preventive care after Liberation and indicates that work efforts should be made at three levels of preventing communicable and noncommunicable chronic diseases, improving living quality and strengthening social ability by targeting main health problems.

笔者回顾了建国以来的预防保健工作，针对其面临的主要问题，指出应在预防传染病、慢性非传染性疾病，提高人们生活质量和社会能力3个层次上开展工作。

National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention ; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; Beijing 100050; China

中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心；河南省濮阳市爱卫会办公室；天津市卫生防病中心；上海市健康教育所；深圳市健康教育研究所；湖南省健康教育所；北京市健康教育所

The state responsibility of transboundary environmental damage,based on Prevention of Transboundary Damage from Hazardous Activities and Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts of the International Law Commission, refers to national responsibility of transboundary environmental damage that is produced within the confines of national command, arising from the nonfulfillment of corresponding obligation of prevention prescribed by international law.

跨界环境损害国家责任以2001年国际法委员会的编纂成果《国家对国际不法行为的责任条文草案》和《预防危险活动的跨界损害条款草案》为基础，指的是国家没有履行国际法规定的相应的预防义务，从而导致其管辖或控制范围内的活动产生跨界环境损害后果时所承担的责任。

National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China

中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所，上海 200025

Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200025

中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所，上海 200025

Institute of Parasitic Diseases;Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention *;Shanghai 200025

中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所，世界卫生组织疟疾、血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心；上海200025

The traditional disease prevention and control system has encountered new challenges by the paroxysm and complexity of natural disasters such as earthquakes.

地震等自然灾害的突发性、复杂性对传统疾病预防控制体系提出了新的挑战，其中信息资源的管理是实施疾病预防控制的有效保证。

General precaution is regarded as one of most crucial function of penalty.

一般预防是刑罚的主要功能之一，一般预防理论也是刑罚目的论的支柱性内容。

According to a questionnaire issued by the Hunan Normal University athletes CHOOSE parade the status of sport injury, injury causes, preventive measures were discussed, mainly come to the following conclusions:① CHOOSE parade of the athletes sports injuries are more common, the rate of injuries 88% of the injury concentrated in the wrist position and thighs of 35.84%; waist accounted for 16.98 percent, 15.09 percent of the knee, shoulder or 11.32 percent, accounting for 9.43 percent of ankle, elbow or 7.54 percent, abdomen, accounting for 3.79%② CHOOSE Exercises for the main types of injury ligament injury, accounting for 33.96 percent; joint injury, accounting for 16.98 percent; muscle sprain, accounting for 15.09 percent; contusion, accounting for 11.32 percent; periostitis, accounting for 9.43%; tenosynovitis, accounting for 7.54 % bursitis, accounting for 3.77%; fracture, or 1.88 percent ③ CHOOSE Exercises injury in the course divided into acute injury and chronic injuries, mainly to acute injury.

根据所发放的运动员问卷对湖南师范大学啦啦操运动员运动损伤的现状、损伤成因、预防对策进行了探讨，主要得出以下结论：①啦啦操运动员运动损伤的情况较为普遍，伤病率达88%；损伤的部位集中在手腕关节和大腿占35.84%；腰部占16.98%，膝关节占15.09%，肩关节占11.32%，踝关节占9.43%，肘部占7.54%，腹部，占3.79%②啦啦操运动损伤的种类主要为韧带拉伤，占33.96 %；关节损伤，占16.98%；肌肉扭伤，占15.09%；挫伤，占11.32%；骨膜炎，占9.43%；腱鞘炎，占7.54%；滑囊炎，占3.77%；骨折，占1.88%③啦啦操运动损伤的病程分为急性损伤和慢性损伤，以急性损伤为主④啦啦操运动损伤的时间主要集中在10一12月份，1一3月份⑤啦啦操运动员运动损伤的预防对策主要包括：注重体能训练提高体能储备、合理安排训练内容和负荷、加强身体全面训练和易伤部位练习的实效性训练、重视运动技术的分析和研究、重视训练后的恢复措施、加强医务监督提高自我保护、重视训练后的放松运动。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。