预处理

The bulbs of the Lycoris radiatat were pretreated with comminution, ultrasonic and basification methods. The effect of the pretreatment was studied, via observing microscopic character of the cell wall fragmentation of Lycoris radiatat and the yield of galanthamine with SC-CO2 extraction.

采用粉碎、超声波和碱化预处理方法处理石蒜鳞茎原料，通过对原料细胞壁的破碎状况的显微特征观察，以及SC-CO2提取加兰他敏提取率的变化考察了预处理的效果。

After mainenervations being drawn out and being dried for 4 hours at 60℃,1156 samples of tobacco leaves from different tobacco producing-area were made into powder (≤0.13 mm). Reducing sugar, total sugar, nicotine, nitrogen, potassium and chlorine of more than 1000 samples from different tobacco producing-area were determined with classical chemical or instrumental methods. By scanning these samples with Fourier transform Near Infrared spectrometer (MARIXT-I produced by Bucker) we obtained their spectrograms, pretreated the spectrograms with a chemometrics software (OPUS 5.5) to debase the noises influence on spectrum information, and built a chemometrics model by means of Partial Least2Squares. The chemometric model was optimized some times and validated with some other samples.

选取全国不同烟草生产地区的1156余烟叶样品，采用相同的预处理条件(去处主脉，60℃烘干4小时)，处理成40目待测粉末样品，采用行业经典的化学分析方法或准确可靠仪器方法测定其常规成分含量，在条件一致(20℃～24℃，环境湿度≤40 RH%)的实验室环境中，使用市场上主流的傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(德国BRUKER公司生产的MARIXT-I)上进行图谱扫描，采用OPUS5.5化学计量学软件，对光谱进行适当的预处理，减弱以至于消除各种噪声对光谱信息的影响，用偏最小二乘回归法建立常规成分预测模型，并进行了反复优化和未知样品模型外验证。

Under normal temperature.the Ca2+-ATPase activity was found on the innerside of the PM.on the vacuole envelope and the chloroplast envelope,and theenzyme activity declined upon heat stress.The Ca2+-ATPase activity on the vacuoleenvelope,PM.and the chloroplast envelope in both Ca2+-and oxalate-treated peppermesophyll cells was higher than that in the control under the same condition.TheCa2+-ATPase was also found at the granum lamella,and it was activatedsignificantly by exogenous Ca2+ and oxalate treatments.Under heat stress.the Ca2+-ATPase activity declined slowly in both Ca2+- and oxalate-treated mesophyll cells.But La3+ treatment inhibited the enzyme activity under both normal condition andheat stress.

常温下生长的叶肉细胞，在质膜、液泡膜、叶绿体被膜等处有Ca2+-ATPase活性，热胁迫后酶活性下降；外源Ca2+和草酸预处理对辣椒叶肉细胞各种膜上Ca2+-ATPase活性具有促进作用，特别是定位于液泡膜、质膜和叶绿体被膜上的酶活性明显比对照提高；在叶绿体基粒和基质片层上也有酶活性，并且Ca2+和草酸预处理对该部位上的酶活性激活作用更明显；La3+处理的作用与Ca2+和草酸处理的效果相反。

An S-shape acceleration/deceleration control model is developed by summation progression and the corner of two conjoint lines is adopted as a parametric variable to control the feedrate through the inflexion of two lines. Based on these, interpolation process is divided into two steps: interpolation pretreatment and interpolation point calculation. Feedrate planning is accomplished in the pretreatment step. Interpolation point calculating only depends on the real-time feedrate and the direction vector of the line.

该算法以级数求和的方法推导了S型加减速控制模型，并以小线段夹角为参变量控制拐点通过速度建立了小线段速度衔接模型，在此基础上，算法将插补过程分解为插补预处理及插补点计算两个步骤，预处理中对小线段进行速度规划并设计了线段速度的递推处理方法，插补点仅需根据当前速度及线段方向向量即可求出。

In order to solve the problem of potassium iodide Ioss in microelements premixed material and find out the optimal coating method,residual rates of potassium iodide of pretreated feeds using different kinds of coating s in different treating times were determined in the paper.

为解决微量元素预混料中碘化钾损失的问题，采用不同包被物对碘化钾进行预处理，测定碘化钾在不同处理下一定时间的留存率，从而找出较优的包被处理方法。

In order to study the influence of UV pulse laser pre-treatment on surface image of fused silica and validate its upgrade effect on anti UV laser damage ability of fused silica,using 355nm YAG laser raster to scan fused silica optics by means of power increase by degrees periodically,the change of surface image was studied and its anti-laser damage threshold at 355nm was measured.

为了研究紫外脉冲激光预处理对熔石英表面形貌的影响，验证其对熔石英元件抗紫外激光损伤能力的提升效果，利用输出355nm 3倍频紫外脉冲激光的YAG激光器，采用光栅式扫描的方式对熔石英表面进行了全口径能量周期递增的激光预辐照处理，并在处理结束后研究了表面形貌的变化，考核了其在355nm脉冲激光作用下的损伤阈值。

In order to solve the problems, the article contrasted the shrinkproof effect with H2O2 pretreatment, the plasma pretreatment and the ultrasonic wave pretreatment before using transglutaminase on wool fabric.

为解决单独用蛋白酶处理羊毛织物时防缩效果不明显的问题，文章在谷氨酰胺转胺酶处理前对比了H2O2、等离子体、超声波预处理对羊毛织物防缩等性能的作用效果，选择最佳的预处理方法。

In this article, three representative oil and fat resourse (edible raw oil, unedible linseed oil and waste oil and fat) were used to study the fatty acid methyl ester preparation technology, and the products from different technologies were compared and analysed. For plant oil, ester exchange process was performed immediately after simple decolorating and alkali refining pretreatment.

对于植物油脂，采用简单的脱色、碱炼预处理后，直接进行酯交换的工艺；对于废油脂，由于其成分变质较严重，预处理也显得相对复杂，采用了先预酯化再酯交换的工艺和先皂化酸化后再酯化的两种工艺。

Hydrogen production of heat treatment sludge, acid treatment sludge, normal sludge, base treatment sludge and ultrasonic sludge from simulated wastewater by anaerobic sewage were investigated. The substrate containing glucose was treated with anaerobic heat treatment sewage sludge. The biohydrogen was produced through anaerobic hydrogen fermentation.

试验研究了酸处理、碱处理、热处理、超声波预处理厌氧污泥发酵产氢的产氢量，选择产氢量最高的热预处理后的污泥作为混合微生物系，以葡萄糖为基质，研究了温度、pH值、底物浓度对厌氧污泥发酵产氢量的影响。

RESULTS: Both HPC and treatment with ruthenium red (5 μmol/L) during the first 10 min reoxygenation improved recovery of LVDP,±dp/dtmax and decreased LVEDP, which was associated with reduced infarct size and lactate dyhydrogenase release.

用TTC染色法测心肌梗死面积。结果：低氧预处理和低氧后复氧期的前10 min用钌红（5 μmol/L）处理均可促进LVDP、±dp/dtmax和LVEDP的恢复，减小心肌梗死面积，减少LDH释放。复氧期的前10 min用精胺(20 μmol/L)处理可减弱低氧预处理的心脏作用。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。