预加载

The real-world joints in the aircraft structure usually consist of multi-row fasteners. This thesis builds the 3D FE contact analysis model of a typical aircraft joint with three-row countersunk screws, and studies pin-load distribution and stress characteristics under constant and varied cross-section thicknesses as well as with and without pre-tighten screw conditions for the joint. Many applied pin-load numerical distribution laws for different conditions in the joint are recognized.

本文对典型的多排沉头螺钉接头建立了三维有限元接触分析模型，对螺钉的钉载分布在截面等厚度和变厚度、无预紧力和加预紧力多种情况下进行了数值计算分析，给出了诸多实用化钉载分布规律。

When loading a script, Lua uses standard lexer, parser, and bytecode generation components to precompile the program.

如果加载脚本，lua使用标准的词法、语法分析器，以及字节码生成组件来预编译程序。

With the above instruments, the effects of strain－rate history on the constitutive relations of the above two materials were also firstly investigated at different temperatures and prestrain rates and it is found that strain－rate history strengthen them and their strength under reloading increases with increasing prestrain rate.

研究表明，应变率历史对这两种材料均具有强化作用，其二次加载下的强度随预应变率的升高而提高，它们对应变率历史的敏感性则随温度的升高而降低。

Second, considering the influence of well resistance, smear effect and structure breakage of thick soft clay, the equivalent calculation method is proposed. That is, the partially penetrating sand drain ground is viewed as the double-layered ground, and its consolidation is analyzed with 1-D consolidation theory, through the transformation from 3-D consolidation to 1-D consolidation in the region of sand drain. This can overcome the disadvantage that the excess pore water is discontinuous between the region of sand drain and under-lying soft layer. To the double-layered ground, based on the consolidation mechanism under surcharge, the excess pore water pressure calculation formula is deduced under the condition of multilevel equably loading or unloading, which perfects the consolidation theory.

然后，在充分考虑竖井区井阻、涂抹作用以及土体结构损伤破坏对固结影响的基础上，将未打穿竖井地基合理地转化为双层地基，按一维固结理论计算，克服了传统固结计算方法在竖井处理区与下卧层交界面处存在孔压间断的缺点；在此基础上，从超载预压法的基本原理出发，分析了双层地基超载预压固结、沉降机理，推导了多级等速加、卸载情况下双层地基的固结计算公式，进一步完善了双层地基固结理论。

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Msdict改变文字的字体重新映射器（动态特点，转录促进发音，时尚的用户界面与一些配色方案相关的文章在不同的超链接）-机会添加自定义说明，以任何字典中的文章，您可以节省您的想法和使用内建的键盘，高级搜索和过滤功能，单水龙头搜索，第一个字母，通配符过滤功能（在&开始使用-&代替任意数量的实例文字符号内）-按钮允许快速擦除查询外地动态字现已出版历史列表每5 sessionThe MSDict - MSDict是现在谈读者与牛津词典讲话VoiceThe新启用了非凡的动力加载在牛津声音模块50，000预录的话，让你听，学习真正的英语发音。

The time and temperature dependence of dynamic modulus and phase angle of hot mix asphalt is analyzed,the master curve of dynamic modulus and phase angle is built using time-temperature superposition principle,the Witczak predictive equation is verified using the test results,which is helpful to provide good reference for China to use dynamic modulus as pavement design parameters.

分析了沥青混合料动态模量和相位角对温度和加载频率的依赖性，利用时间-温度置换原理建立了动态模量的通用曲线，并用动态模量实测结果对Witczak预估模型进行了验证和分析，为将动态模量作为沥青路面设计参数和混合料性能评价指标提供了有益参考。

The results show that:(1)the low-noise source-follower circuit can be effectively used to measure the output of PVDF thin film;(2)the piezoelectric coefficient D33 of the PVDF is very sensitive on temperatures;(3)the value of D33 intensively fluctuate in initial loading stage,this means that a pre-load is needed in practice application to keep a constant piezoelectric coefficient D33 of the PVDF;(4)when the compressive load is imposed on the surface of the PVDF along a incline direction,D33 value is obvious changed with changing incline angle,and(5)the frequency bandwidth of the PVDF thin film is very wide,it is more suitable to measure strike or impact loading at various loading conditions.

结果表明：(1)低噪声源跟随电路可有效测量PVDF 薄膜输出；(2)PVDF压电薄膜的压电系数D33对温度很敏感；(3)D33值在加载初始阶段波动很大，所以实际应用中应给PVDF提供一个预压载荷，以确保有一恒定的压电系数D33；(4)当压载荷沿倾斜方向作用在PVDF 表面时，由于有剪切力作用，D33 值会随着倾斜角的变化发生显著改变；(5)PVDF 薄膜具有很宽的频响，更适用于测定不同载荷条件下的侵彻或冲击等动态载荷。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了