顶生的

Inflorescences axillary; spikes terminal and axillary or only terminal, densely arranged into 4--11 spikelets; lateral spikes almost sessile; bracts longer than first bractlet, margin broadly membranous and wider than herbaceous part, apex rigidly and thickly cuspidate; each flower subtended by a bractlet; first bractlet similar to bracts but slightly shorter.

花序腋生只顶生的穗状花序顶生和腋生或，浓密排列为4-11小穗；侧的穗状花序几无梗；苞片长于第一个小苞片，边缘宽膜质和宽比草质深裂，刚硬和厚骤尖的先端；每花以一小苞片被包着；首先除了稍短小苞片类似苞片。

Seed cones terminal on branchlets, solitary, globose or oblong, dehiscent when mature in 1st year; cone scales 8-12, peltate, woody, each fertile scale bearing (1 or)2(-5) seeds; free bract apex a small mucro.

顶生的球果在小枝上，单生，或长圆形，开裂在第1年内成熟时；珠鳞8-12，盾形，木质，不是每能育鳞片都着生或2-5种子；离生苞片先端一小的短尖头。

Seed cones terminal, solitary, globose or subglobose, dehiscent when mature in 2nd year; cone scales 8-16, decussate, peltate, woody, each fertile scale bearing 3-20 seeds; free bract apex a short mucro.

顶生的球果，单生，球状或近球状，在第2年内成熟时开裂；珠鳞8-16，交互对生，盾形，木质，每能育的鳞片承担3-20棵种子；离生苞片先端一短短尖头。

Flowers unisexual, hypogynous; staminate flowers in erect, terminal panicles; pistillate flowers 1 to few in short terminal or axillary racemes; bracts present; bracteoles 1 pair per pedicel, usually caducous.

花单性，下位；在直立，顶生的圆锥花序里的雄花；雌花1到很少为短的顶生或腋生总状花序；苞片宿存；小苞片1 每花梗配对，通常早落。

Flowers subterminal, congested into terminal spike; mericarps without cusps; stipules filiform, 4-5 mm.

花近顶生，进顶生的穗状花序密集；没有尖端的分果爿；托叶丝状，4-5毫米 2 M。

Flowers solitary, less often in small cymes or clusters, axillary or subterminal, often aggregated into terminal racemes or panicles, usually conspicuous, actinomorphic, usually bisexual.

花单生，较不经常在小的聚伞花序里或丛生，腋生或近顶生，通常聚生为顶生的总状或穗状花序，通常明显，辐射对称，通常两性。

Inflorescences lateral or terminal on old or new growth; male and female inflorescences separate: male spikes in clusters of 3, lateral at base of new growth or rarely on old growth, pendulous; female spike terminal on new growth, erect. Flowers anemophilous.

在老的或幼枝上的花序侧生或顶生；雄和雌的花序分开：在3的簇生里的雄性穗状花序，在老枝上的幼枝或很少的侧的在基部，下垂；在幼枝，直立上顶生的雌性穗状花序。

Fruit dehiscent siliques, linear or rarely oblong, terete, 4-angled, or latiseptate, sessile or shortly stipitate, segmented; valvular segment dehiscent, 4-46-seeded, longer than terminal segment, smooth or torulose, valves with a prominent midvein and obscure lateral veins; terminal segment seedless or 1(-3)-seeded; replum rounded; septum complete, translucent or opaque, veinless or with a distinct midvein; style obsolete or distinct; stigma capitate, entire or 2-lobed.

果开裂长角果，线形或很少长圆形，，四棱形，具宽隔膜的或，无梗或具短柄，裂片；开裂的瓣裂裂片，4-46种子，长于顶生裂片，近念珠状的平滑或，裂爿具一突出和不明显侧脉；顶生的裂片无籽的或1(-3)种子；假隔膜绕行；完全的隔膜，不透明的半透明或，无脉或具一离生中脉；花柱废退的或离生；柱头头状，全缘的或2裂。

Inflorescence a racemose panicle, initially terminal to leafy shoot; spikelets 3–7, 2.5–4.3 cm, rachilla internodes 3–4 mm, white-gray setose, apex densely white-gray ciliate; florets 3–7, terminal one sterile.

花序一种总状的圆锥花序，对叶状枝最初顶生；小穗3-7，2.5-4.3厘米，小穗轴节间3-4毫米，白色灰色具刚毛，浓密白色灰色具缘毛的先端；小花3-7，顶生的那个不育。

Inflorescence terminal, much branched, thyrsoid, cymules of bisexual inflorescences each with several male flowers and a terminal female flower; bracts inconspicuous.

花序顶生，多分枝，聚伞圆锥状，两性的小聚伞花序每个具数个雄花和一顶生的雌花的；苞片不明显。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。