页岩

The results showed that , The shale has higher volcanic ash activity with calcined temperature from 700℃ to 800℃.

结果发现，在700～800 ℃范围内煅烧的页岩具有明显的火山灰活性，掺入经活化处理的页岩配制的混合水泥具有较好的强度性能。

Based on the above research, we analyzed regional metallogenic conditions from geology, geophysics and geochemistry. Considering regional strata, some source beds with ore-bearing strata controlled apparently metallogenesis. The strata contained hydrothermal siliceous rock or siliceous albitite ether formed some favorable source beds and established substantial foundation for later diplogenetic metallogenesis e.g.

从区域地层上来看，含特殊层位的矿源层对成矿有明显的控制作用，其中含热水沉积成因的硅质岩或硅质钠长质岩的地层或形成有利的矿源岩，为后期叠生成矿奠定物质基础，或直接形成工业矿床；另外，区内黑色页岩（包括碳质板岩、碳质泥岩、碳质页岩和含碳钙质板岩等）也是很好的矿源层。

Mature, synrift lacustrine shales of Eocene to Oligocene age and mature, late rift coals and coaly shales of Oligocene to Miocene age are source rocks for oil and gas in two important petroleum systems of the onshore and offshore areas of the Northwest Java Basin. Biogenic gas and carbonate sourced gas have also been identified. These hydrocarbons are trapped primarily in anticlines and fault blocks involving sandstone and carbonate reservoirs.

爪哇盆地西北的沿海地区的两个重要的石油体系中，始新世至渐新世的湖泊页岩、渐新世至中新世晚期裂隙煤和含煤页岩是石油和天然气的矿源岩，鉴别出了生物源气体和碳酸盐源气体，这些烃类被圈闭在背斜和断层中，包括沙岩、碳酸盐岩油储。

The mineralogy, petrology, rare earth and trace element geochemistry, Re-Os and Sr-Nd isotopic geochemistry of the black shales and cherts of Yuretusi Formation at the bottom of the Cambrian in Xiaoerbulake and Shugeitebulake sections from northern Tarim Basin have been systematically studied. It was discovered that the high enrichment of some deep source metal elements in the black shales deals with the activity of hydrothermal fluid from the lower crust or upper mantal.

本项目对塔里木盆地北部肖尔布拉克和苏盖特布拉克两剖面下寒武统底部玉尔吐斯组富有机质黑色页岩和硅质岩的矿物学、岩石学、微量元素、稀土元素、Re-Os和Sr-Nd同位素地球化学进行了系统研究，发现该黑色页岩中部分深源金属元素的高度富集与来自盆地下部上地幔或下地壳的深部物源的热水流体作用有关。

In this area seven microfacies in the Chuangde Fm. red beds can be separated. They are: 1 reddish foraminifera grainstone; 2 reddish microfossils packstone/wackestone; 3 reddish marlstone with microfossils; 4 reddish marlstone; 5 red to variegated floatstone ; 6 reddish shales; 7 reddish radiolarite/ radiolarian chert.In the Yamudok Cuo area, it can be distinguished six microfacies in the redbeds including 1 reddish foraminifera grainstone; 2 reddish microfossils marlstone; 3 reddish shales; 4 yellow-grayish floatstone ; 5 reddish radiolarian chert; 6 reddish chert with radiolaria. The depositional environment of the Chuangde formation can be interpreted from sediments composition, as is deep oceanic basin adjacent to continental slope/rise. The slope/rise setting is indicated by the occurrence of olistoliths and slumped pelagic/hemipelagic limestone, present near the top of the Chuangde Fm.

进一步资料对比研究表明，全球上白垩统海相红层具有以下特征：a上白垩统红层出现在北大西洋、阿尔卑斯、喀尔巴阡、土耳其，向东一直到特提斯喜马拉雅地区和澳大利亚西北角的Exmouth海底高原，横贯整个特提斯和北大西洋；b沉积环境以外陆棚-斜坡和盆地为主，在斜坡环境下多发育有浊流沉积，如Scaglia Rossa和Nietrental组；c有机碳含量普遍很低，0～0.3％之间；d盆地相仅发育红色泥质岩，而斜坡和远洋环境下不仅发育红色页岩，同时还有红色泥灰岩、红色灰岩和红色硅质岩；e北大西洋和地中海地区在Cenomanian-Turonian界线黑色页岩之后不久的Turonian早期就出现红色沉积，而藏南出现在Santonian早期，Exmouth出现在Campanian早期，红层出现似乎有&西早东晚&的趋势。

In this dissertation, an experimental and modeling study on single oil shale lumps with sizes of 10-60mm in diameter was performed to simulate the operation steps during industrial retorting of oil shales, which is found to be the original attempt in China.

在油页岩的低温干馏过程中，通常是利用块状页岩作为装置进料，因此，对块状页岩热解特性的研究，将为加工装置的操作、设计及改进提供更为可靠的理。。。

Exchange the heating well and the oil extraction well that the much more above-mentioned well electricity heat the oil shale retorting mine, continue to heat to mine. 5 after years, the temperature that is apart from to heat the or so place of 6 meters of well is also only is 500°C, but heat whole temperatures of the nearby rock strata of wells all very high, cause the calories follow the peripheral rock strata in great quantities lost.

2将上述多井电加热油页岩干馏开采的加热井与采油井交换位置，继续加热开采。5年后，距加热井6米左右的地方温度也仅为500℃，而待采油页岩层与邻近地层的接触面处整体温度很高，说明在整个开采过程中油页岩层向邻近地层散失了大量的热。

The results show that: 1 the globally distributed CORBs were mainly present in late Cretaceous; 2the paleoenvironment of the CORBs is deep water of low latitude area in general; 3the lithologies are mainly consisted of red shale, red limestone, red marlstone, red mudstone and red siliciclastic shale; 4 the content of organic carbon is quite low.

通过对比，认为：1这些全球分布的大洋红层主要出现在晚白垩世，2一般分布在深水环境、低纬地区，3在岩性上，主要由红色页岩、红色灰岩、红色泥灰岩、红色泥岩、红色硅质页岩几种岩性组成，4有机碳含量普遍较低。

This paper suggests that Silurian bottom shale in the southern Sichuan basin can be selected as the top target for shale gas exploration in the Sichuan basin by comparison analysis on maturity, oil and gas migration and accumulation condition and mineral composition.

从其成熟度、运聚条件和矿物成分比较分析后认为：四川盆地页岩气勘探开发的首选目标应为川南下志留统页岩。

The results show that the white thick-bedded siliceous rocks have high contents of SiO2 and Al2O3 and high ratios of Al/ and Al2O3/(Al2O3+ Fe2O3). The ∑REE are low, and the North American shale-normalized REE patterns are characterized by enrichment of LREE and absence of Eu and Ce anomalies, which suggest that the white thick-bedded siliceous rocks might have been formed in the continental margin environment and affected significantly by terrigenous constituents. The anatase-rich siliceous rocks have high contents of TiO2, Fe2O3, Cu and V but low Al/(Al + Fe+ Mn) and Al2O3/(Al2O3 + Fe2O3) ratios. The ΣREE are high, the North American shale-normalized REE patterns are obviously characterized by left-oblique to flat styles of curves and slight negative Ce anomalies, implying that they might have been formed in an oceanic ridge environment.

研究结果表明，呈厚层状产出的无矿白色硅质岩具较高的SiO2、Al2O3含量及Al/、Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)比值，稀土元素总量很低，其北美页岩标准化配分模式为向右倾的曲线，无明显铈异常和铕异常，表明其形成于受陆源影响的大陆边缘构造环境；赋矿岩系中薄层状富钛硅质岩的TiO2、Fe2O3、Cu、V含量较高，但Al/、Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)比值较低，稀土元素总量较高，北美页岩标准化曲线为明显左倾型－平坦型，具弱的负铈异常，表明其形成于洋脊及附近环境。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。