音位的

Based on＂The Data Bank System of the Standard Phonetic Features of Different Level in PSC＂, the thesis analyzes the variants of affricative versus fricative in syllables: z, c ,s - zh, ch, sh - j, q, x which are obscure in physiology; analyzes timbre phonetic variants aroused from the different match of seven main simple vowels and initials as well as the tonal patterns with the help of drawing the synthetic spectrograph and pitch spectrograph. So that the data can be offered to describe phonemes in 396 syllables in common use according to the acoustic analysis.

本文在"普通话水平测试各等级标准语言特征数据库系统"的支持下，通过制作396个常用音节语音样本的音高图和综合语图，考察在普通话教学和测试中从生理角度难以准确把握的一组仅有细微差异的塞擦音和擦音声母z、c、s-zh、ch、sh-j、q、x在音节拼合中的变体；考察7个主要单元音在与不同声母拼合构成的音节中音质上的变化模式；考察四个声调的变化形式，力图从语音声学物理特征角度的分析中为普通话常用音节音位语音规范度的描写提供客观的数据说明。

At the phonological level, foregrounding is fulfilled through the reoccurrence of the identical sound. Nonce-formations, abbreviations, blends and sense-shift attain lexical foregrounding, and the frequent use of the shorts words and numbers also functions. At the syntactic level, foregrounded features are embodied in the frequent use of active voice and quotations, and also the peculiar use of the tenses. Foregrounding at the semantic level principally turns up in the news headlines. It is the use of metaphor, synecdoche, metonymy and pun that helps to bring the potential of the linguistic elements into full play.

从语相层来看，体育新闻报道通过对标点符号的特殊使用、拼写的变异以及排版方式来实现前景化；从音位层来看，前景化靠对同一音素的复现来实现；从词汇层来看，新词的创造、词汇的缩略、混成及旧词新义等实现了对常规语言的偏离，此外，频繁使用短小词和数字也将报道推向前景；句法层上，体育新闻报道则通过对主动语态、引语等的频繁使用和时态的特殊用法来实现前景化；语义层的前景化主要集中在新闻标题中暗喻、提喻、转喻及双关等的使用。

As an important variation in phonetics, allophonic variations of English phoneme s and allophonic variations have their own laws of formation and form a great obstacle to the English learning among Chinese students.

英语音素音位变体规律以及语流音变是英语语音变体的重要构成，具有一定的规律性，在我国学生的学习过程中造成较大的障碍，对其进行必要的了解和掌握有利于学生学习的有效开展。

Features that remain constant throughout recorded language history are identical with language universals encountered in modern languages. Thus, we find changing inventories of phonemes but complete constancy in the basic phonematic mode of signaling. All languages are and have been phoneme-language throughout the documented past. Sound analogy or sound imitation is never encountered un-phonematized.

在历史的纪录中，恒定的特徵在所有语言中是普遍相同的，现代语言也不例外，因此我们发现音素的存留虽有改变，但是在发出信号的基本音位调式上是完全恒定的，由历史纪录可知，所有语言都是以音素为本的语言，声音的类比和声音的模仿永远都是音素化的。

Of,relating to,or being features of pronunciation that are not phonemically distinctive in a language,as aspiration of consonant s or vowel length in English.

发音不明显的语言中音位上不明显的发音特征的，如英语中辅音字母中的送气音或元音间长；与之有关的；或成为之的

Of, relating to, or being features of pronunciation that are not phonemically distinctive in a language, as aspiration of consonants or vowel length in English.

发音不明显的语言中音位上不明显的发音特征的，如英语中辅音字母中的送气音或元音间长；与之有关的；或成为之的

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。