音位

Usually they appear in predictable phonetic variants called allophone s.

音位作为语言中最基本和抽象的语音单位，通常以音位变体的形式出现。

Allophone: The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the allophones of that phoneme.

在不同的语音环境中能够代表同一个音位的不同音素叫作音位的音位变体。

With respect to phonetics, Distinctive Features for the phonetic syncopation of spatial information are extracted based on Bertin's retinal variables. The importance of geographic reality, cognitive laws and geometric laws in the syncopation is pointed out following the thorough inspection of the physical characteristics of spatial information and a phonetic hierarchy of phoneme、 phoneme combination is proposed after the summarization of different methods of syncopation in Psychology, Pattern Recognition, Mathematic Morphology and Cartography, which provides linguistic interpretation for cartographic symbol design and understanding. With respect to the property that map symbol is represented as the combination of attribute and geometry in digital form of spatial information, suprasegmental phoneme as unit is proposed which deals with the high level phonetic units and their structure with the bend of curve and the simple area of complex area as primitive.

在语音结构方面，基于Bertin的视觉变量，提取了产生空间信息语音切分的区别特征；对空间信息的物理特征进行了详尽分析，指出了地理真实、认知规律和几何规律在语音切分中的重要作用；在总结心理学、模式识别、数学形态学和地图学等相关切分理论的基础上，提出了空间信息音位系统以及音位组合规律，为地图符号设计与理解提供了语言学解释；针对地图符号通常在空间信息中表现为属性和形态相结合的特点，提出在超音段音位层次上重点关注以线切分单元——弯曲和复杂面切分单元——弯曲构成的简单面为基本元素的语音高级层次及其结构。

This paper discusses the phonetic nature of diminuendo opening diphthong,and the kinds of their off-glide s.

二合元音中前强后响元音具有渐强与渐开的语音性质，它的后滑音分为有音位价值与无音位价值两类，在广西武鸣壮语与浙江庆元、松阳话中，其音位处理上要将这种后滑音以上标的方式标出。

Morphophonology or Morphophonemics is a branch of linguistics refering to the analysis and classification of the phonological factors that affect the appearance of morphemes, and , correspondingly, the grammatical factors that affect the appearance of phonemes.

形态音系学或形态音位学，是语言学的一个分支，指对影响语素形式的音位要素的分析和分类，以及对影响音位形式的语法要素的分析和分类。

Prolegomena to a Theory of Language . Francis J. Whitfield.

音位学概念——音位概念的历史和理论学派研究。

The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called suprasegmental phonemes; these are the phonological properties of such units as the syllable, the word, and the sentence.

这些发生在切分层面以上的音位特征叫作超切分特征；它们指的是象音节、单词和句子这样的语言单位的音位特点。

Emic / etic : it refers to the linguistic units containing "emic", such phonemic, morphemic, which are used to describe abstract linguistic rules with distinctive features.

指具有&位&的语言单位，如音位，词位，是对语言规则的抽象描写，具有区别性特征，最早用于音位描写。

The different which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the allophones of that phoneme.

音位变体是一个音位在特定的语音环境力的具体体现，同一音位在不同语音环境里体现为不同的变体，也就是语音。

Different which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the allophones of that phoneme.

音位变体是一个音位在特定的语音环境力的具体体现，同一音位在不同语音环境里体现为不同的变体，也就是语音。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。