韧皮

Aguaje palm-bast (Mauritia flexuosa, Mauritia minor, or swamp palm) and the frond spears of the Chambira palm ( Astrocaryum chambira , A.munbaca, A.tucuma, also known as Cumare or Tucum) have been used for centuries by the Urarina of the Peruvian Amazon to make cordage, net-bags hammocks , and to weave fabric .

Aguaje棕榈韧皮（夜蛾荠，夜蛾未成年人或沼泽手掌）和钱比拉棕榈藻体枪（Astrocaryum钱比拉，A.munbaca，A.tucuma，也被称为库马雷和图库曼）已使用了几百年的 Urarina 秘鲁亚马逊做出绳索，网袋吊床，并编织织物。

The chemical compositions ,fiber morphology and physical pulping characteristics of Broussonetia papyrifera bark produced in dry-hot valley of the Jinshajiang River were analyzed.

对金沙江干热河谷区构树韧皮纤维的化学组成、纤维形态和成浆物理性能进行了分析，结果表明：构树韧皮的木素含量低，纤维素含量较高，达43。

New planted ramie often have defects of fewer efficient plant numbers, many of high-branches, difficult to peel bast, low yield, bad fiber quality and so on. Aiming at all these shortages, the cuttage breeding technology of fine varieties and high-yield and good-quality cultivating method, breeding Cutting seedling with several low-branches, planting deeply appropriately, ridging to foster rootstocks when intertilling, was brought forward.

针对苎麻新麻有效株少、高位分枝多、韧皮剥制难、原麻产量低、纤维品质差等问题，提出了培育携带多个低位分枝的扦插苗，麻苗移栽时适当深植，辅以新麻中耕时起垄培蔸的苎麻良种扦插繁殖新技术与新麻高产优质栽培方法。

Fiber harvest rates for ramie, flax and sabaigrass are the industrial scale results while those for kenaf bark and wheat straw are imitating trial results. 2 Harvest rates of CKs are the standard value of respective industry Even if the tested harvest rate is less than the standard value under the

48.0 1 苎麻、亚麻原茎、龙须草的制成率为课题组收集工厂化生产试验结果，红麻韧皮和麦草制成率为模拟试验结果；2对照制成率取行业通用数值（同等条件下比较试验结果低于通用数值，如苎麻化学脱胶制成率仅为62.5

Phloem peeling machine and degumming technique for raw flax fibre in red soil zone of southern ChinaBased on the physical and mechanical characteristics differences between fresh tegument and stalk,bast fibre cell and nearby cell,a new type of combined peeling and washing machine was designed for the first time in the world.

南方红壤区冬季亚麻韧皮剥制机械及其脱胶技术利用亚麻韧皮部与木质部、韧皮纤维细胞与其周边细胞间机械物理性能的差异，研制出国内外首台家用型反拉式亚麻剥麻洗麻联合机。

Binder o baler twine , of sisal o oth textile fibres of the genus Agave

线、绳、索、缆，黄麻或其他韧皮纺织纤维纺制

The main cause of chilling injury in the annual branches was the losing of water at critical period; the reasons of anatomical structure was the thick epidermis, the loose arranging of parenchyma in cortex, and the undeveloped parenchyma in best.

造成1年生枝条冻害的主要原因是生长与休眠临界期枝条的大量失水；其形态解剖学原因是表皮菊，皮层薄壁细胞排列疏松和韧皮薄壁细胞不发达。

Et Zucc which is unique to Chongqing.Different methods including poaching extraction, soxhlet extraction, microwave extraction and ultrasonicwave extraction were employed to extract toosendanin from the basts of Melia toosendan Sied.Et Zucc in the experiments. Some factors affecting toosendanin extraction rate were discussed in mass transfer theory, and the conditions to extract toosendanin were optimized.

本文用传统的水煮提取法、索氏提取法及现代的微波提取法和超声波提取法对川楝树韧皮中的川楝素进行了提取，系统研究了不同因素对各种提取方法的提取效率的影响，并用传质理论对影响川楝素提取率的因素进行了分析和讨论，优化出了不同提取方法的最佳提取条件。

Of thick bark usually located in windward habitats. The phloem color was related to the inclusion and contents of the phloem cells, especially to the tannin and resin of the phloem parenchyma and their oxidation.

但是韧皮部的颜色则与细胞内含物的多少和成分有关，尤其是韧皮薄壁细胞内的丹宁和树脂的含量以及它们在空气中的氧化作用有关。

The distribution of ATPase activity in the phloem parenchyma cells and flesh parenchyma cells(no-phloem parenchyma cells)changed during the different developmental phases of the fruit.It isparticularly interesting to observe a band along the plasmalemma of flesh parenchyma cellsadjacent to the phloem,the band highly enriched with the ATPase activity,forming a ring ofencirclement that surrounds the phloem.

结果表明：SE/CC复合体的ATP酶主要定位于质膜上，韧皮薄壁细胞和果肉薄壁细胞的ATP酶在不同时期的分布和活性是不一样的，令人注目的是：在邻近韧皮部的果肉库细胞的细胞壁和质膜之间发现一条ATP酶活性物质的聚集带，形成环状，包围韧皮部。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。