韧带膜

Background Dialysis-related amyloidosis is a serious complication for patients undergoing long-term dialysis. DRA is characterized by amyloid deposition mainly in bone and joint structures, presenting as carpal tunnel syndrome, destructive arthropathy, and subchondral bone erosions and cysts. The pathogenesis of this complication remains unknown.

目的 透析相关性淀粉样变是长期透析病人常见而严重的并发症，淀粉样沉积主要位于滑膜和韧带等骨关节组织，导致侵蚀性关节病变和多发性囊性骨损害等致残性疾病，但其病理机制仍未阐明。

The thicknesses of the left and right ligamentum flavums were less under flexion than under extension.

增加狭窄腰椎管的硬膜囊矢状径，②使凸入椎管内的肥厚黄韧带拉长受薄，减轻对硬膜囊和神经根的压迫，③增大椎间盘后缘高度。

At the lateral limit of the paravesical fossae, the peritoneum invests the mesosalpinx, round ligament, and broad ligament of the uterus.

直肠旁隐窝和膀胱旁隐窝也存在与女性，在膀胱旁隐窝的侧方腹膜包绕输卵管系膜、子宫圆韧带和阔韧带。

F = fallopian tube, M = mesosalpinx, O = ovary, R = round ligament.

图16 示意图显示阔韧带解剖和各种缺损。F，输卵管；M，输卵管系膜；O，卵巢；R，圆韧带。

Results we found positive labeling for both anp and nos in different types of cells including the spiral modiolar artery, stria vascularis, spiral limbus, spiral ligaments, basilar membrane, organ of corti, spiral ganglion, and macula sacculi. however, no immunoactivity was found in the reissner membrane and tectorial membrane.

结果 在耳蜗各转螺旋动脉和血管纹，螺旋缘、螺旋韧带和corti器显示双阳性染色，螺旋神经节细胞及囊斑神经上皮细胞膜及轴突nos阳性染色，胞质anp阳性染色；盖膜、前庭膜阴性染色。

This has given rise to trocar-guided transvaginal surgical techniques using a transobturator or transgluteal approach, passing the mesh fixation arms through the arcus tendineus fascia pelvis or the sacrospinous ligaments.

曾经有人提到为了让生物材料提供预期的骨盆腔支持，他们必须固定在受影响的组织外面，这使得使用经闭孔或经臀肌方式的套管导引经阴道手术技术，从骨盆筋膜韧带弓或是荐脊韧带通过网线固定手臂。

Seven patients were admitted into this department in acute phase of trauma, repair of popliteal artery in 2 patients and repair of PMC and MCL in 4 patients were performed in this phase. Arthroscopic combined reconstruction of ACL and PCL with autografts was performed in all patients from 4 to 12 weeks after trauma, reconstruction of PLC with the posterior half of biceps femoris tendon tenodesis in 3 patients and reconstruction of PMC and MCL with femoral fascia in 1 patient were completed simultaneously.

方法］自2001年9月~2005年2月，13例病人（13膝）经关节镜检查证明ACL和PCL均断裂，其中5膝伴后内侧角、内侧副韧带损伤，4膝伴后外侧角损伤，2膝伴外侧半月板破裂，1膝伴内侧半月板损伤，3膝伴动脉损伤，2膝伴腓分神经损伤。7例病人于损伤后急性期入院，2膝于急性期行血管探查修复，4膝行膝后内侧角、内侧副韧带修复。13例病人于伤后4~12周在关节镜下行自体移植物单束ACL和PCL联合重建术，其中4例同期后1/2 股二头肌腱重建后PLC，1例同期阔筋膜PMC、MCL重建。

Seven patients were admitted into this department in acute phase of trauma, repair of popliteal artery in 2 patients and repair of PMC and MCL in 4 patients were performed in this phase. Arthroscopic combined reconstruction of ACL and PCL with autografts was performed in all patients from 4 to 12 weeks after trauma, reconstruction of PLC with the posterior half of biceps femoris tendon tenodesis in 3 patients and reconstruction of PMC and MCL with femoral fascia in 1 patient were completed simultaneously.

］自2001年9月~2005年2月，13例病人（13膝）经关节镜检查证实ACL和PCL均断裂，其中5膝伴后内侧角、内侧副韧带损伤，4膝伴后外侧角损伤，2膝伴外侧半月板破裂，1膝伴内侧半月板损伤，3膝伴动脉损伤，2膝伴腓总神经损伤。7例病人于损伤后急性期入院，2膝于急性期行血管探查修复，4膝行膝后内侧角、内侧副韧带修复。13例病人于伤后4~12周在关节镜下行自体移植物单束ACL和PCL联合重建术，其中4例同期后1/2 股二头肌腱重建后PLC，1例同期阔筋膜PMC、MCL重建。

Method］from sept 2001 to feb 2005, 13 knees with combined acl and pcl tear in 13 patients were verified with arthroscopy. of them, 5 knee were combined with rupture of the posteromedial coner and medial collateral ligament, 3 combined with disruption of the posterolateral corner, 2 with lateral meniscus tear, 1 with medial meniscus tear, 3 associated with popliteal vascular injury and 2 with peroneal nerve injury. seven patients were admitted into this department in acute phase of trauma, repair of popliteal artery in 2 patients and repair of pmc and mcl in 4 patients were performed in this phase. arthroscopic combined reconstruction of acl and pcl with autografts was performed in all patients from 4 to 12 weeks after trauma, reconstruction of plc with the posterior half of biceps femoris tendon tenodesis in 3 patients and reconstruction of pmc and mcl with femoral fascia in 1 patient were completed simultaneously.

方法］自2001年9月~2005年2月，13例病人（13膝）经关节镜检查证实acl和pcl均断裂，其中5膝伴后内侧角、内侧副韧带损伤，4膝伴后外侧角损伤，2膝伴外侧半月板破裂，1膝伴内侧半月板损伤，3膝伴动脉损伤，2膝伴腓总神经损伤。7例病人于损伤后急性期入院，2膝于急性期行血管探查修复，4膝行膝后内侧角、内侧副韧带修复。13例病人于伤后4~12周在关节镜下行自体移植物单束acl和pcl联合重建术，其中4例同期后1/2 股二头肌腱重建后plc，1例同期阔筋膜pmc、mcl重建。

Epidural cavity ; Epidural block ; Corticoid ; Ligament flavum ; Lumbar intervertebral disc ; Histology

硬膜外腔；硬膜外腔阻滞；皮质激素；黄韧带；腰椎间盘；组织学

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。