韧带破裂

Results Preoperative MRI classification indicated: intact annuals in 82 levels, annuals tear with intact PLL in 123 levels, PLL tear in 70 level, free protruded mass under PLL in 48 levels; on the other hands, the amount of annuals tear and free protruded mass under PLL introoperative observation were more than that preoperative MRI indicated: intact annuals in 38 levels, annuals tear with intact PLL in 165 levels, PLL tear in 62 level, free protruded mass under PLL in 63 levels; dural sac penetration in 2 levels.

结果： MRI术前分型：纤维环完整者81个椎间隙、纤维环破裂后纵韧带完整者123个椎间隙、后纵韧带破裂者70个椎间隙、髓核后纵韧带后方游离者48个椎间隙。手术发现纤维环破裂数量以及后纵韧带后方游离髓核片数量明显高于MRI的提示：纤维环完整型38个椎间隙、纤维环破裂后纵韧带完整165个椎间隙、后纵韧带破裂髓核疝62个椎间隙、后纵韧带后方游离髓核63个椎间隙、硬膜囊下疝2个椎间隙。

The hallmark retrodisplacement of the posterior vertebral body cortex relative to the cephalad and caudal vertebrae demonstrates the high degree of discoligamentous disruption associated with this injury and is often the source of residual spinal cord compression.

椎体后方骨皮质相对于上下相邻节段的后移位预示着间盘韧带组织的严重破裂，并经常成为脊髓受压的来源。

One or two out of three ligaments are ruptured.

一至两出三个韧带都破裂。

Intra-operative complications included posterior capsule rupture in 2 eyes,partial suspensory ligament breaking in 1 eye, but without retinal detachment.

结果 46眼无疼痛、2眼有轻微胀痛、2眼感胀痛，术中追加1次表面麻醉，2眼发生后囊膜破裂，1眼发生部分悬韧带离断，无视网膜脱离发生。

The dislocation of the IOL were related to the rupture of posterior capsule, broken ciliary zonule, prolapse of vitreous during surgery, trauma after surgery, type and material of intraocular lens.

后房型人工晶状体脱位与术中后囊膜破裂、悬韧带离断、玻璃体处理不当、术后外伤及人工晶状体的材料和类型有关。

Additional acute lesions included 4 labral detachments, 2 SLAP I and 1 SLAP II lesions, 2 glenohumeral ligament ruptures, and 4 articular-side partial tears of the subscapularis tendon.

另外的深刻损害包括4唇独立小分队，2掴I和1掴II损害，2关节盂与肱骨韧带破裂，和肩胛下肌腱的4 滴关节边部份泪花。

Seven patients were admitted into this department in acute phase of trauma, repair of popliteal artery in 2 patients and repair of PMC and MCL in 4 patients were performed in this phase. Arthroscopic combined reconstruction of ACL and PCL with autografts was performed in all patients from 4 to 12 weeks after trauma, reconstruction of PLC with the posterior half of biceps femoris tendon tenodesis in 3 patients and reconstruction of PMC and MCL with femoral fascia in 1 patient were completed simultaneously.

方法］自2001年9月~2005年2月，13例病人（13膝）经关节镜检查证明ACL和PCL均断裂，其中5膝伴后内侧角、内侧副韧带损伤，4膝伴后外侧角损伤，2膝伴外侧半月板破裂，1膝伴内侧半月板损伤，3膝伴动脉损伤，2膝伴腓分神经损伤。7例病人于损伤后急性期入院，2膝于急性期行血管探查修复，4膝行膝后内侧角、内侧副韧带修复。13例病人于伤后4~12周在关节镜下行自体移植物单束ACL和PCL联合重建术，其中4例同期后1/2 股二头肌腱重建后PLC，1例同期阔筋膜PMC、MCL重建。

Seven patients were admitted into this department in acute phase of trauma, repair of popliteal artery in 2 patients and repair of PMC and MCL in 4 patients were performed in this phase. Arthroscopic combined reconstruction of ACL and PCL with autografts was performed in all patients from 4 to 12 weeks after trauma, reconstruction of PLC with the posterior half of biceps femoris tendon tenodesis in 3 patients and reconstruction of PMC and MCL with femoral fascia in 1 patient were completed simultaneously.

］自2001年9月~2005年2月，13例病人（13膝）经关节镜检查证实ACL和PCL均断裂，其中5膝伴后内侧角、内侧副韧带损伤，4膝伴后外侧角损伤，2膝伴外侧半月板破裂，1膝伴内侧半月板损伤，3膝伴动脉损伤，2膝伴腓总神经损伤。7例病人于损伤后急性期入院，2膝于急性期行血管探查修复，4膝行膝后内侧角、内侧副韧带修复。13例病人于伤后4~12周在关节镜下行自体移植物单束ACL和PCL联合重建术，其中4例同期后1/2 股二头肌腱重建后PLC，1例同期阔筋膜PMC、MCL重建。

Method］from sept 2001 to feb 2005, 13 knees with combined acl and pcl tear in 13 patients were verified with arthroscopy. of them, 5 knee were combined with rupture of the posteromedial coner and medial collateral ligament, 3 combined with disruption of the posterolateral corner, 2 with lateral meniscus tear, 1 with medial meniscus tear, 3 associated with popliteal vascular injury and 2 with peroneal nerve injury. seven patients were admitted into this department in acute phase of trauma, repair of popliteal artery in 2 patients and repair of pmc and mcl in 4 patients were performed in this phase. arthroscopic combined reconstruction of acl and pcl with autografts was performed in all patients from 4 to 12 weeks after trauma, reconstruction of plc with the posterior half of biceps femoris tendon tenodesis in 3 patients and reconstruction of pmc and mcl with femoral fascia in 1 patient were completed simultaneously.

方法］自2001年9月~2005年2月，13例病人（13膝）经关节镜检查证实acl和pcl均断裂，其中5膝伴后内侧角、内侧副韧带损伤，4膝伴后外侧角损伤，2膝伴外侧半月板破裂，1膝伴内侧半月板损伤，3膝伴动脉损伤，2膝伴腓总神经损伤。7例病人于损伤后急性期入院，2膝于急性期行血管探查修复，4膝行膝后内侧角、内侧副韧带修复。13例病人于伤后4~12周在关节镜下行自体移植物单束acl和pcl联合重建术，其中4例同期后1/2 股二头肌腱重建后plc，1例同期阔筋膜pmc、mcl重建。

This series included 35 male and 22 female, and the mean age was 34.6 years (range, 13– 66 years). The pathology included atlantoaxial instability in 52 patients (os odontoideum in 26 patients, transerse ligament relaxation or disruption in 20, odontoid fracture nonunion in 6), and irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation in 5 (os odontoideum in 1 patient, transerse ligament relaxation in 1, malunion of odontoid process fracture in 3). Twenty-four patients presented signs and symptoms of spinal cord and/or brain-stem dysfunction.

这个系列包括35个男性病人和22个女性病人，平均年龄是34.6岁（范围，13~66岁）。52个病人是寰枢椎不稳（26例os odontoideum、20个横韧带松弛或破裂、6例齿状突骨折不连），5例不可复位的寰枢椎关节脱位（1例os odontoideum，1例横韧带松弛，3例齿状突骨折连接不正）。24例有脊索和脑干功能不良的症状和体征。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。