韧带的

Already in the early 1940s, traumatic thumb carpometacarpal dislocations had been treated with free tendon grafts of various origins with good to excellent results.

怎么行韧带重建？40年代，外伤性拇掌骨关节脱位的治疗就已经开始用各种来源的游离肌腱修复达到好~优秀的效果。

Preventing further meniscal and chondral damage in patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency is critical.

对前交叉韧带功能降低的观者来说避免半月板和软骨进一步的损伤是非常关键的。

Coracoclavicular ligament injury repaired by tissue engineered tendon is a feasible method.

结论用组织工程学原理构建的人工肌腱修复喙锁韧带损伤是可行的手术方法，植入的同种异体细胞至少在6个月内保存了活力，无明显排斥反应。

ConclusionThe plantar fasciotomy will not consequentially lead to collapse of the forefoot structure.But the redistribution of the plantar pressure and the compensation of other ligaments may result in later complication.

结论跖腱膜松解不会造成足弓整体结构的塌陷，但将引起足部力学环境的改变，导致足部其他韧带结构的疲劳或损伤，出现远期并发症。

Methods Design two incisions at canthus, one is short and horizontal just at the new point of canthus, the other is along eyelid fold about 5～4mm away from the short one. Transverse the horizontal incision into vertical by breaking or excising fibromuscular band under epicanthal skin and fixing canthus ligment on the lateral nasal aponeurosis.

在新内眦点处设计一小横切口，而重睑切口近内眦与横切口不贯通，保留切口之间的皮肤5～4mm，充分离断或去除部分眼轮匝肌、内眦韧带内向固定，切口经张力变形转向后，去除下部多余的三角形皮肤，将两切口间保留的皮肤整理埋入重睑皱褶内。

Methods Pathological sections from 68 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma were observed by microscope and the distribution of nerve plexuses in normal hepatoduodenal ligament was analyzed based on the observation of 40 histological sections from 5 autopsy cases.

观察68例肝门部胆管癌患者的病理切片，总结归纳肿瘤神经浸润的方式和规律；分析5例尸检标本正常肝十二指肠韧带内的神经

Methods Pathological sections from 68 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma were observed by microscope and the distribution of nerve plexuses in normal hepatoduodenal ligament was analyzed based on the observation of 40 histological sections from 5 autopsy cases.

观察68例肝门部胆管癌患者的病理切片，总结归纳肿瘤神经浸润的方式和规律；分析5例尸检标本正常肝十二指肠韧带内的神经丛分布特点。

Only the front waist of the abdominal cavity and soft iliopsoas, only in the vicinity of some of the muscles, ligaments and fascia, and other non-bony structures of protection, or lack of coordination in the weight-bearing exercise, vulnerable to injury.

腰部前方只有松软的腹腔和髂腰肌，附近仅有一些肌肉、筋膜和韧带等无骨性结构的保护，因此在负重或不协调的运动中，极易受到损伤。

The depth of suprascapular nerve is about 4.0～4.5 cm at the points of scapular ligament and the start part of supraspinous branch,4.0 cm at the point of the start part of infraspinous branch.

肩胛上神经在肩胛横韧带处距皮肤的距离和冈上肌支起始段距皮肤的距离均为4.0～4.5 cm，冈下肌支起始段距皮肤的距离为4.0 cm。

RESULTS: Anatomical observation revealed that, the flexor pollicis longus muscle was located in a ring structure consisted of sesamoid and intersesamoid ligament. When the first metacarpophalangeal joint over-flexed or over-extended, the extension tendon was apt to be injured because of augmental friction between sesamoid and the extension tendon.

结果：解剖学研究发现，拇长屈肌腱位于两粒籽骨和籽骨间横韧带构成的一个类似于&指环&的封闭式结构里，在此结构中，拇掌指关节在做过伸、过屈时，易导致拇长屈肌腱与籽骨的摩擦加大而受到损伤。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。