韧带内的

Methods: 1. Experimental laparoscopic liver resection: We selected pigs as experimental models aiming to approach human beings physiological and anatomical condition. After CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established, the ligaments around liver were dissociated. Livers were cut off by the methods such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, ultrasound dissector, Ligsure dissection, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, and Endo-GIA switcher. The operation time and bleeding volume were compared between different methods of laparoscopic liver resection. The advantages and limitations of different methods were summarized. 2. Clinical laparoscopic liver resection: 15 cases with tumors in segment V of anterior right lobe or segments II, III of left lateral lobe or segment IV of left internal lobe were selected in this study. The liver diseases included hepatocellular cancer, hepatic cavernous hemangioma and hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia. The ligaments around liver were dissociated after CO2 pneumoperitoneum established. Laparoscopic liver resection were carried out by some of the methods combined such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, ultrasound dissector, rotation and suction dissector.

1、实验性腹腔镜肝切除：以猪为实验动物，旨在接近人体的生理、解剖环境下进行实验，建立操作空间后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离切肝法、微波刀切肝法、超声刀切肝法、Ligsure切肝法、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除法、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法、Endo-GIA切肝法等方法实施腹腔镜下肝切除，比较不同切肝方法的手术时间、出血量，总结各种方法的优越性及其局限性。2、临床腹腔镜肝切除：选择肿瘤位于肝右前叶第Ⅴ段、肝左外叶第Ⅱ、Ⅲ段及左内叶第Ⅳ段的15例患者，病种包括原发性肝癌、肝海绵状血管瘤、肝脏局灶性增生，建立气腹后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离断肝、微波刀固化后断肝、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除、小切口腹腔镜辅助肝切除、超声刀断肝、旋吸断肝等多种方法分离切线肝组织，暴露管道结构，再采用高频电凝、钛夹夹闭、缝扎止血、止血纱布覆盖、氩气刀止血、生物胶止血、Endo-GIA处理等多种方法相结合处理肝断面，统计手术完成情况、手术时间、手术出血量、术后并发症及术后住院时间等，评价腹腔镜肝切除的可行性及安全性。

At 8 weeks postoperatively, the grafts were mostly substituted by new cells, and the artificial ligament was completely parceled by the synovial membrane, but there were still some gaps; The combined tendon exhibited no loose or disfiguration, the infiltrative inflammatory cells disappeared. The cells in grafts were close to normal cells in anterior cruciate ligament, but fibrocytes arranged in disorder and fibers showed a verticality.

移植后第8周，移植物大部分组织被新长入的细胞替代，人工韧带被滑膜完全包裹，浸润的炎症细胞基本消失，部分接触面已融合，但部分面仍有间隙；联合肌腱无变形和松弛，移植物内细胞形态，数量接近正常前交叉韧带，但纤维细胞排列杂乱，纤维有了一定的纵向性。

Ten human cadaveric knees were tested in the following conditions:(1) intact,(2) ACL-deficient, and (3) ACL reconstruction with the "All-inside" technique using the single semitendinosus tendon graft, or single gracilis tendon graft.

将10个人尸体膝关节分3组进行操作：（1）正常膝，（2）去除前交叉韧带的膝关节，（3）运用"全内"技术重建膝关节前交叉韧带的：仅用半腱肌肌腱，或仅用骨薄肌肌腱。

The two bundle need to be reconstructed in order to restore the function of anterior cruciate ligament.lt is coincident to the propery of kinematics that the knee be fixed at the 110 degree in the early stage.

结论膝关节屈伸过程中前内侧束和后外侧束的是两束不同的功能单位，要恢复前交叉韧带的功能应当将两束分别重建。在重建后早期将韧带固定于屈膝110度的位置更符合运动学的特性。州陪怂岁

Little is known about the mechanism of translocation of macromolecules into lens epithelium and fiber cells. The study was to observe whether the rupture of zonule affected translocation of macromolecules into the lens and to determine the role of zonule in transferring these macromolecules.

大分子物质晶状体内转运的机制目前还不十分清楚，本研究的目的是观察悬韧带离断对大分子物质晶状体内转运的影响，以探讨悬韧带在大分子物质转运中的作用；3。

METHODS: From June 2007 to March 2009, 8 patients with terrible triad of the elbow were treated. The fracture of the radial head was classified according to the system of Mason, with typeⅠ in 1 patients, type Ⅱ in 6 and type Ⅲ in 1; fracture of the coronoid process was classified according to the system of Regan and Morrey, with type Ⅰin 2 patients, type Ⅱ in 5, and type Ⅲ in 1. The hollow lag screws and Herbert screws were used to fixe coronoid process and radial head fractures, and repair Annular ligament. Lateral collateral ligament was repaired in 1 case. All injured extremities were treated with a posterior plaster splint with the elbow joint held in 90° of flexion and the forearm in neutral rotation for 2-3 weeks followed by elbow rehabilitation training.

于2007-06/2009-03共收治肘关节恐怖三联征患者8例，其中尺骨冠突骨折按 Regan-Morrey法分类：Ⅰ型2例，Ⅱ型5例，Ⅲ型1例；桡骨头骨折按Mason法分类：Ⅰ型1例，Ⅱ型6例，Ⅲ型1例。8例患者均采取了内固定治疗，采用中空拉力螺钉或Herbert螺钉固定冠突和桡骨头骨折，修补环状韧带，1例缝合修复肘外侧副韧带，术后屈肘90°旋前中立位，以塑形良好的高分子管型石膏固定两三周后开始屈伸和旋转康复训练。

Methods Design two incisions at canthus, one is short and horizontal just at the new point of canthus, the other is along eyelid fold about 5～4mm away from the short one. Transverse the horizontal incision into vertical by breaking or excising fibromuscular band under epicanthal skin and fixing canthus ligment on the lateral nasal aponeurosis.

在新内眦点处设计一小横切口，而重睑切口近内眦与横切口不贯通，保留切口之间的皮肤5～4mm，充分离断或去除部分眼轮匝肌、内眦韧带内向固定，切口经张力变形转向后，去除下部多余的三角形皮肤，将两切口间保留的皮肤整理埋入重睑皱褶内。

Objective To analyse the enteral nutrition effect of needle catheter jejunostomy for patients un-derwent esophagoectomy.Methods 52patients received needle catheter jejunostomy before diaphnagm sutured,the catheter was inserted jejunum at the point20cm distal to the ligament of Treitz.Before getting into the lumen,the catheter merges in the wall of the bowel for a distance about4～5cm.

目的 探讨空肠穿刺置管在食管癌根治术后的肠内营养疗效方法 52例食管癌根治术患者在膈肌关闭，距Treiz韧带20cm穿刺空肠置入Sicone2mm导管，导管在肠壁内潜行4～5cm进入肠腔，再固定予腹壁上，术后1天开始肠内营养。

Results:In this group there were 5 mucinous cystadenoma; 4 serous cystadenoma; 4 teratoma; 2 lager ovarian cyst; 4 subserous leiomyoma of uterine. The massive cystic-solid tumor with irregular cystic wall was seen in mucinous cystadenoma and serous cystadenoma; Teratoma appeared non homogenous density with fat density mass; Subserous leiomyoma of uterine showed large cystic tumor with clear edge, and the size of uterine was normal.

结果：5例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤，4例黏液性囊腺瘤，CT表现为腹盆腔内巨大囊性或囊实性肿瘤，囊壁厚薄不均；4例卵巢畸胎瘤，CT表现为盆腔巨大肿瘤内部密度不均，可见脂肪密度影；卵巢巨大囊肿2例，CT表现为腹、盆内巨大单囊状肿物；4例浆膜下子宫肌瘤，CT表现为盆腔内巨大囊性肿物，边界清晰，子宫大小正常；1例阔韧带平滑肌瘤，CT表现为密度不均匀的实性肿物，增强扫描强化不均。

Results There was a similar distributive pattern of Neul, PPCA and β-gal in the inner ear. Neul intense staining was observed in the cochlear spiral ganglion cells, spiral limbus, spiral ligament, vestibular ganglion cells, cristae, maculae hair cells, and weak staining in inner hair cells, outer hair cells, supplying cells of the organ of Corti and stria vascularis. The intense staining of PPCA and β-gal were observed in the spiral ganglion and vestibular ganglion cells, and weak staining in the spiral limbus, spiral ligament, stria vascularis and organ of Corti. The inner ear exhibited no staining when Neul, PPCA and β-gal were deficient, respectively.

Neul最强的染色主要在螺旋神经节细胞、螺旋韧带、螺旋缘、前庭神经节细胞及壶腹嵴、球囊和椭园囊感觉毛细胞，较弱的染色分布于血管纹和Corti器内、外毛细胞及支持细胞；PPCA和β-gal在螺旋神经节和前庭神经节细胞有较强的染色，血管纹、螺旋韧带、螺旋缘和Corti器内、外毛细胞及支持细胞呈较弱的染色反应；各自酶缺乏时内耳免疫染色消失。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。