鞭毛虫

A total of 310 protozoa species, belonging to 157 genera, were observed, including 134 flagellate species, 64 sarcodina, and 112 ciliate.

共鉴定出原生动物310种，其中鞭毛虫134种(包括植鞭毛虫96种，动鞭毛虫38种)，肉足类64种，纤毛虫112种。

ARID (AT-rich interaction domain) protein is a transcription factor family in higher eukaryotes that regulates cell proliferation, development, and differentiation. Specificity of DNA binding ability in this family prefers AT-rich sequences, but some ARID family proteins are not sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins or they do not bind AT-rich sequences. We found two genes that encode ARID in Giardia lamblia genome database, garid1 and garid2. We analyzed the function of garid1 first. AU1-tagged gARID1 was found to localize to nuclei. During encystation, gARID1 mRNA level decreased emphatically, but protein level increased. We also found that gARID1 can bind AT-rich initiator of the cwp1 promoter by EMSA. Mutation analysis revealed gARID1 binding sequence was AGATC and AATAAAATA. We used ChIP to demonstrate that gARID1 can bind cwp1 gene promoter in vivo.

ARID(AT-rich interaction domain)蛋白质家族是真核生物的一种转因子，在许多同种的真核生物有它的同源基因，这个家族的蛋白质通常与调控细胞的生长、发育和分化的作用有关，而这个家族的蛋白质和DNA的结合能，各种ARID蛋白质的专一性尽相同，过大致上偏好於和AT-rich的序结合；我们已经在形鞭毛虫的基因组中找到个含有ARID 的基因，分别是garid1和garid2，我们首先对於garid1做分析；将AU1标记接到gARID1转染形鞭毛虫，用免疫萤光染色可发现gARID1存在於细胞核中。gARID1的讯息RNA在囊体化后会明显下，过其阳性染色和蛋白质表现有明显增加；EMSA实验中也发现gARID1会明显的与cwp1基因启动子之AT-rich initiator结合，经由突变序分析，也显示gARID1的结合序为AGATC和AATAAAATA，随后我们也用ChIP证明gARID1在细胞内也的确会和cwp1基因的启动子结合。

Any of various protozoans of the class Mastigophora, all of which possess one or more flagella.

鞭毛虫鞭毛虫纲的几种原生动物，全部有一个或更多的鞭毛

Backpackers have probably heard about the protozoan Giardia lamblia and how contracting giardiasis from drinking visually pure water from apparently pristine locations can result in severe and prolonged diarrhea .

感染者也许已经听说了原生动物梨形鞭毛虫和怎样因饮用外观上干净的地点和看起来清洁的会导致严重的长时间的腹泻的水感染梨形鞭毛虫病。

This paper introduces the principle and history of Ultraviolet Disinfection Technology and its main functions, such as broad-spectrum sterilization,Effectively killing of giardiasis and Cryptosporidium Hominis, and advanced oxidation process,which respectively solved a difficult problem in water treatment domain, namely By-products of disinfection, threat of Giardiasis and Cryptosporidium Hominis, and refractory biodegradation organic compounds pollution.

本文概述了紫外线消毒技术的原理及发展概况，详细介绍了紫外线技术在水处理领域的三大功效：即广谱杀菌，有效杀灭贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫，以及高级氧化功能，这些功能分别解决了水处理领域的三大难题：消毒副产物问题，贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫的抗氯性问题，以及难降解有机物污染问题。

Trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease, and trichomoniasis is emerging as one of the most important cofactors in amplifying HIV transmission, also linked to this disease are cervical cancer and infertility.

阴道鞭毛虫为WHO宣布为最广泛的非病毒性性接触传染疾病，已证实会造成HIV感染机率增加、与子宫颈癌、不孕症有关联性，且其细胞周期的G2期较G1期长，但对阴道鞭毛虫的仍不清楚。

Objective To screen the protective antigen of G.intestinalis and set the foundation for immune reseach of vaccine. Methods The trophozoite antigens were obtained with in vitro culture system of Giardia lamblia Stile. After further separation, purification and activity verification, the antigens were used to immunize the BALB/C mice divided into different groups,then indexes associated with immunity were determined. Through challenge infection, the most protective antigenic component of G.intestinalis were selected based on its anti-infection ability.

目的 筛选蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫的保护性抗原，免疫疫苗的研制奠定基础方法利用已建立的蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体体外培养系统，获取滋养体抗原，并进步分离、纯化、活性鉴定；然后分组免疫小鼠，检测相关免疫指标；再行攻击感染试验，视其抗感染能力，筛选出保护性强的抗原组分。

The full length variant-specific surface antigen gene from the isolate of G. lamblia has the common characteristics with other previously identified VSPs.

中国人源蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体表达的表面变异抗原基因具有与已鉴定的蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫表面变异抗原基因同样的特性。

To explore the existence and dynamic changes of the Golgi body-like structure in the log-phase and encysting trophozoites (6, 12, 18 hours) of Giardia lamblia, these trophozoites were stained with C6-NBD ceramide, a specific marker for Golgi body in eukaryotic cells, and then they were observed with fluorescence microscopy.

目的 探讨类高尔基体结构在蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体和成囊不同时段的存在情况及其动态变化机理。方法用可特异性标记真核细胞高尔基体的荧光染料C6-NBD神经酰胺，标记有活性的蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体及成囊6、12、18h虫体，并用荧光显微镜观察。

An investigation was carried out in the Huanghai Sea and the East China Sea to reveal the quantitative relationship between the density of flagellates and suspended paticles in the summer of 2001. The results show that the density of flagellates varies from 44 to 12 600 i./cm^3, which can reach a large percentage of the suspended particles.

对2001年8月黄海中部和南部以及东海北部海洋鞭毛虫的丰度及其与悬浮颗粒物的数量关系进行了研究，发现调查区域内的鞭毛虫丰度为44～12 600个／平方公分，它们在悬浮颗粒中所占的比例可达60%以上。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。