鞣制革

Chrome-tanning process is still very important in leather industry for its special tanning properties.This process can produce some chrome effluent and chrome-tanned leather scraps,the reject of which not only can contaminate the environment but also can cause great economic losses.

铬鞣因其优异的鞣制性能，在制革工业中仍占据着重要地位，但由铬鞣产生的各种污染如铬鞣废液、铬鞣革屑等对环境具有极大危害，这些废液及材料的直接排放和丢弃，还会造成很大的经济损失。

The drying process of chrome liquor was studied. The structure and property of chrome complex reducing by alcohol were analysed and tokened by many present well-rounded separation and analysis methods such as IR, UV-Vis Spectrum, IEC and pH potentiometry. Application tests of chrome tanning agents were conducted and tanning methods of tanning at high pH were studied. A systematic study was conducted on high alkalinity chrome tanning agents application in leather making process and possibility of clean chrome tanning was discussed.

本文系统地研究了多种小分子醇与重铬酸盐之间的氧化-还原反应，对反应过程进行了认真的剖析；对铬鞣液的干燥过程进行了研究；用红外光谱法、紫外及可见分光光度法、离子色谱法以及pH电位滴定法等多种比较成熟的现代分离分析方法相结合，对醇还原铬配合物的结构与性能进行了分析与表征；对铬鞣剂的鞣革性能进行了应用实验，研究了醇铬鞣剂在高pH值下的鞣制方法，并就高碱度铬鞣剂在制革过程中的应用进行了系统研究，探讨了用其实施清洁化铬鞣的可能性。

The drying process of chrome liquor was studied. The structure andproperty of chrome complex reducing by alcohol were analysed and tokened by manypresent well-rounded separation and analysis methods such as IR, UV-Vis Spectrum,IEC and pH potentiometry. Application tests of chrome tanning agents wereconducted and tanning methods of tanning at high pH were studied. A systematic studywas conducted on high alkalinity chrome tanning agents application in leather makingprocess and possibility of clean chrome tanning was discussed.

本文系统地研究了多种小分子醇与重铬酸盐之间的氧化-还原反应，对反应过程进行了认真的剖析；对铬鞣液的干燥过程进行了研究；用红外光谱法、紫外及可见分光光度法、离子色谱法以及pH电位滴定法等多种比较成熟的现代分离分析方法相结合，对醇还原铬配合物的结构与性能进行了分析与表征；对铬鞣剂的鞣革性能进行了应用实验，研究了醇铬鞣剂在高pH值下的鞣制方法，并就高碱度铬鞣剂在制革过程中的应用进行了系统研究，探讨了用其实施清洁化铬鞣的可能性。

The pollution from the chrome tanning effluent has become increasingly a serious problem that faces leather industry.

铬鞣废液的污染问题是制革工业面临的一个严峻问题。

The results have indicated that chrome tanning agent with good tanning property and high utilization ratio can be gotten by selecting proper alcohol as reducing agents. This is a forceful promotion to tanning ecology.

研究结果表明，选择适当的醇作还原剂，可制备出鞣革性能优异，利用率高的铬鞣剂，这对实现制革生态化是一个有力的促进。

The results have indicated that chrome tanning agent with good tanning propertyand high utilization ratio can be gotten by selecting proper alcohol as reducing agents.This is a forceful promotion to tanning ecology

研究结果表明，选择适当的醇作还原剂，可制备出鞣革性能优异，利用率高的铬鞣剂，这对实现制革生态化是一个有力的促进。

The subject of this seminar was divided into six sessions which were(1)clean technology and legislation update;(2) cleaner production through advanced process control;(3)beamhouse pollution control:practical views;(4)practical experiences in environmental management;(5)effective chrome tanning and (6) pollutioncontrol in leather finishing.

会议收集了22篇来自制革者和可能对制革清洁技术提出建设性意见的优秀论文。会议所分六个专题报告都取得圆满结果，这六个专题是：1。清洁技术和最新立法；2。通过先进的工艺控制进行清洁生产；3。准备工段污染控制：实际展望；4。环境管理中的实践经验；5。有效的铬鞣；6。皮革涂饰中的污染控制。

Are Tanning Lotions What You Need To Make Tanning Beds safe?

有鞣洗液您需要什么，使制革病床安全？

Influences of SF-CO_2 to clean leather manufacture in unhairing,deliming,degreasing,chrome tanning and dyeing process were discussed respectively. Furthermore,its applications in leather determination and waste disposal were also summarized.

分别论述了在制革过程酶脱毛、脱灰、脱脂、铬鞣、染色等工序中，SF-CO_2应用的可行性研究成果，及对清洁化制革的影响：在皮革中五氯苯酚和偶氮染料分析检测的应用研究；以及在废弃物脱铬处理方面的应用。

Study on the synthesis of polymer tanning agents and their interaction mechanism with collagen is always one of the crazing subjects in leather industry.

高分子鞣剂是目前使用得最多的鞣剂之一，它可赋予皮革多种特殊的性能，并可在减少制革污染中发挥重要作用。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。