非稳态的

Main contributions and achievements are as follows:A general non-equilibrium rigorous model for RDP is developed in this thesis. Based on the pseudo-homogenous assumption, two main factors reaction and separation are de-coupled, and an RDP model with the same format as that for a traditional distillation process is established. To solve the model with a large number of algebraic equations, modified M-K equations with tri-diagonal matrix form are developed based on the improved Separation Efficiency Functions, which greatly increases the iteration efficiency. This thesis also develops a general reactive distillation dynamic model. Through splitting of the differential variables based on SEFS, large-scaled differential algebraic equations can be solved with the improved Gear's algorithm which makes the dynamic model suitable for the on-line application. A simulation platform for the control loop design and evaluation of RDP by introducing control system equations into the dynamic model is also developed.A lactic acid purification pilot-scale RDP is investigated.

论文对热点问题——反应精馏过程的建模与优化控制相关技术进行了深入的研究，取得了一系列成果：1、建立了反应精馏过程机理模型，基于拟均相假设，将反应和分离过程进行解耦，推导出反应精馏过程的非平衡级稳态模型和动态模型，通过引入推广的分离效率函数，对模型变量进行了合理划分，显著提高了模型求解效率；将动态模型和控制系统方程结合，建立了反应精馏过程控制系统研究的辅助工具。2、全面分析了乳酸提纯反应精馏新工艺试验装置，利用本文建立的过程机理模型，对该试验装置进行了稳态和动态性能分析及水力学核算；设计和分析了单边质量控制方案，比较了间接和直接物料平衡控制两种方案的控制性能。

Comparing EMD method with traditional FFT method in the analytical process, Hilbert-Huang transformation is found to be superior in performance. Structural response of the warship subjected to underwater explosion is simulated numerically, and EMD method is applied to analyzing the structural impulse signals.

该方法不把信号分解成正弦或余弦函数，因此既能分析线性稳态信号又可用于非线性非平稳信号的分析，且避免了高频干扰结果的出现，被认为是近年来对以Fourier变换为基础的线性和稳态谱分析的一个重大突破。

In chapter 2, we devoted ourself to the research of the existence and uniqueness of a class of diffusive population modle under Dirichlet boundary conditions.

在第二章中，我们讨论一类时滞反应扩散方程在Dirichlet边值条件下，零稳态解和非零正稳态解的存在性及其渐近行为。

First, transfer the test cycles from automobile condition to engine condition; second, according to the work and emission characters of nonturbocharged for low pressure turbocharged diesel, assume that transition process is quasi stationary one and diesel temperature rises linearly in cold starting period.

为实现这个方法，首先由计算得到汽车工况法测试循环对应的发动机工况，然后根据作为对象发动机的非增压柴油机的工作及排放特点，假定过渡过程按准稳态进行、柴油机冷起动时温升呈线性，在稳态模型基础上，增加输入层神经元和表征发动机热力状态变化的学习样本，建立了内燃机冷起动后暖机过程排放预测模型。

It is also shown that under the same conditions, the values of the LWI gain with incoherent pumping are evidently larger than those without incoherent pumping exceptΦ=0 and the time reaching the steady state is shorter; varying the initial condition doesn't change the stationary value of the LWI gain but can remarkably affect the transient evolution process of the LWI gain.

研究还表明，与不存在非相干泵浦时相比，除了相对位相Φ=0的情况外当存在非相干泵浦时系统可得到大得多的稳态增益，而达到稳态所需的演化时间也短得多；初始条件的变化不改变稳态增益的大小但对瞬态演化过程有明显的影响。

Then, it studies the supply chain management system as a complex system to confirm the state existing during operating of the system. After that, it conducts a probability analysis on the state which the system located by applying supplement variable method, and establishes the model of distributed parameter system in a form of partial differential equations. Combining C0 ? semigroup theory in the functional analysis, it conducts a dynamic analysis on the established mathematical model. Using this method, it obtains the mathematical expression of the dynamic solution and the steady state solution, and proves the uniqueness, non-negativity and the asymptotic stability of the system solution. This dissertation applies the Matlab tool and uses two-step, three-step Simpson integral equation to imitate the condition of system solution. Then, it adds possible mode of failure and the optimization adjustment state to the system, based on which it has established the distributed parameter system model which is described by partial differential system of equations. Combining the functional analysis C0 ? semigroup theory, it studies the established mathematical model, and obtains the mathematical expression of the dynamic solution system and the steady state solution. It has proven the existing of uniqueness of the system solution, the asymptotic stability of system solution and the system solution. In addition, it has lying the theory rationale for further analysis and the research on the optimization of system.

本文首先简要综述了供应链理论、可靠性研究、鲁棒性研究以及供应链鲁棒性研究的现状；然后，将供应链系统作为一个复杂系统来分析，确定了系统运行过程中所经历的状态，通过引入补充变量的方法，建立了用偏微分方程组描述的分布参数系统模型，用泛函分析中的C_0 -半群理论得到了系统动态解和稳态解的数学表达式，证明了系统解存在的唯一性、非负性和指数阶渐近稳定性；并借助Matlab工具，利用二阶、三阶辛普森积分方程模拟系统解的性态，并给出系统动态解的仿真图；本文又对上述系统增加了系统可能失效状态和优化调整状态，并在此基础上建立了用偏微分方程组描述的分布参数系统模型，同样用泛函分析中的C_0 -半群理论对所建立的数学模型进行了研究，得到系统动态解和稳态解的数学表达式，证明了系统动态解存在的唯一性、非负性及渐近稳定性，为进一步分析和研究供应链优化奠定了理论基础。

It is shown that because of the high nonlinear of oil film force of SFD, the nonsynchronous response and the bistable operation may occur in the rotor-SFD system, especially the latter with high vibration amplitude, which has a great effect on the reliability of the rotor system.

结果说明了由油膜力的高度非线性所引起的非协调及双稳态，特别是当转子需要频繁的通过双稳态区时，双稳态跳跃将使转子系统的振动迅速增大，在实际应用中应对其引起足够的重视。

Main results are listed as below: 1. In rapid solidification, when the cooling rate is over some critical value, the solidification system will become unstable in the sense of the nonequilibrium thermodynamics, a uncontinuous steady state jump phenomenon will occur, and this uncontinuous steady state jump can be understood as the glass transition.

主要得到了如下结果：(1)通过对快速凝固过程的动力学及热力学的分析，提出了非晶转变的分枝理论模型，结果表明，对一合金熔体，当冷却速度大于某一临界值时，凝固体系会出现非平衡热力学意义上的失稳而出现多定态分枝现象，这一多定态现象可以被理解为非晶转变。

Firstly, the mechanism of heat transfer enhancement by oscillation heat surface is discussed in natural convection scene. For different oscillation amplitude and Rayleigh number, the frequency that the heat transfer rate of oscillation heat surface is higher than non-oscillation condition is found and called critical oscillation frequency. The limitation enhancement of similar physical model is still researched by this study in mixed and forced convection scenes for different amplitude and Grashof number. Generally, that a heat surface subject to a oscillation motion is advantageous to convective heat transfer is a well-known tuition.

首先探讨在垂直管道内振动高温面於自然对流领域内提升高温面热传效率的机制，并且针对不同的振幅与雷利数求得加入振动条件后，高温面散热效果可以优於稳态非振动高温面散热效果的临界振动频率；进而探讨当垂直管道流进入混合对流与强制对流范围时，在不同的振幅与葛瑞秀夫数下，亦可发现加入振动条件后，振动高温面之散热效果可以优於稳态非振动高温面散热效果的临界振动频率。

Firstly, the mechanism of heat transfer enhancement by oscillation heat surface is discussed in natural convection scene. For different oscillation amplitude and Rayleigh number, the frequency that the heat transfer rate of oscillation heat surface is higher than non-oscillation condition is found and called critical oscillation frequency. The limitation enhancement of similar physical model is still researched by this study in mixed and forced convection scenes for different amplitude and Grashof number.

首先探讨在垂直管道内振动高温面於自然对流领域内提升高温面热传效率的机制，并且针对不同的振幅与雷利数求得加入振动条件后，高温面散热效果可以优於稳态非振动高温面散热效果的临界振动频率；进而探讨当垂直管道流进入混合对流与强制对流范围时，在不同的振幅与葛瑞秀夫数下，亦可发现加入振动条件后，振动高温面之散热效果可以优於稳态非振动高温面散热效果的临界振动频率。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。