非电离的

This dissertation is concerned with the kinetics of the nonequilibrium dissociation and ionization of gases that are significant in the high temperature gas dynamics. There are two parts in the dissertation. In the first part, the kinetics of dissociating gas, a theoretical calculation is made of the nonequilibrium dissociation of the diatomic molecule behind a strong shock wave front.

中文题名高温气体解离和电离动力学研究副题名外文题名 The study of the kinetics of dissociation and ionization in the high temperature gases 论文作者王苏导师崔季平何宇中研究员范秉诚高级工程师学科专业一般力学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中国科学院力学研究所学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数125页关键词气体动力学电离复合非平衡解离速率振动－解离耦合馆藏号BSLW /2003 /O354 /1 本论文选取在高温气体动力学中具有重要意义的气体非平衡解离和电离动力学作为研究对象，包括两部分内容。

Non-sequential double ionization rate and the double ionization events that sum of two-electron momentum equals zero decrease.

时，非时序双电离率和两电子动量和为零的双电离事件数却减小。

The results show that non-sequential double ionization rate and the double ionization events that sum of two-electron momentum equals zero increase with the molecular internuclear distance increasing when the molecular internuclear distance is within 1.0a.u.

结果表明，分子核间距在1.0a.u。-6.0a.u。范围内时，非时序双电离率和两电子动量和为零的双电离事件数随着分子核间距的增大而增大。

Elastic collision and inelastic collision are considered in oxygen molecule, nitrogen molecule by electron impart. The mail simulation results were as follow:(1)The variations of drift velocity and the average energy of electron with the E/N in O2 and N2 are obtained. The number of electrons for excitation, ionization, dissociation and dissociative ionization collision with the E/N and the energy of electron are analyzed emphatically.

考虑了各种弹性和非弹性碰撞过程，在纯氧气、纯氮气中，给出了不同简化场E／N条件下的电子漂移速度和平均电子能量的变化；着重分析了激发、电离、分解及分解电离碰撞的粒子数随E／N、电子能量的变化，同时计算了激发发射光谱的波长。

In the process of our analysis,the non-sequential double ionization rate, two-electron ionization energy, two-electron momentum correlation and the combined potential of Coulomb field and laser field are calculated with the molecular internuclear distance changing.

我们分别计算了非时序双电离率、两电子的电离能、两电子的动量相关、库仑场和激光场的复合势随分子核间距的变化关系。

According to the damage phenomena at the edge of electrodes, the thermal injection and relaxation characteristics of majority carriers were discussed. An injection model induced by minority carriers was proposed, which emphasized the surface field enhancement effect by non-equilibrium carrier channel, possibly leading to the ionization of the ambient gas above the filament channel.

结合电极边缘细丝状的破坏现象，讨论了电极边缘的热注入和内部多数载流子的弛豫特性，提出了少子引导的注入模型，强调了非平衡载流子通道引起的表面电场增强效应，可引起外部气体电离形成电离通道。

Using a nonperturbative scattering theory developed by Guo,Aberg and Crasemann the angular distributions of electrons in above threshold ionization of Krypton atoms irridated by a bichromatic phase-controlled laser field of linear polarizations is studied. The bichromatic phase-controlled laser field is composed of a sequence of identical one-cycle laser pulses.

采用基于Guo， Aberg 和Crasemann发展的强激光场中的非微扰量子散射理论，研究了线偏振双色激光场中氪原子阈上电离的光电子角分布，双色激光场由一系列相同的单周期激光脉冲组成。

In order to reproduce the observed line profile, we first empirically studied the influence of the Hα line profile on the flux and power-law spectral index of non-thermal electrons, the positions of chromospheric condensation, and the base model atmosphere.

在考虑氢原子非热激发、电离的作用下，经验性地计算了不同大气模型下谱线的不对称性特征，并在此基础上，对观测谱线进行半经验的研究。

At first,the curve of charge distribution,ionizable state of nonisothermatity sphere,Was obtained by computer to calculate ionized state according to distribution data of temperature and dinsity within Earth. Secondly,the pussibility of microgravitational testonosphere,Within the isothermality sphere,was found by balance between pressure and volumetric forcein Earth's interior.The thickness is 1 000 km or so.Finally,the result come into commom use various geophysical process withi...

首先依据地球内部温度和密度不均匀分布数据，用计算机计算它的电离状态，得到非等温分层电离状态的电荷分布曲线；其次从地球内部存在的流体压力与两类体积力：重力和静电力的平衡方程讨论中，发现在某一等温层内可能存在微重力构造圈，其厚度约为1000km左右；最后在地学研究向整体化和深部化发展趋势下，预期这个结果将有助于理解地球深部发生的各种物理过程且与地震S波在核－幔之间层中消失观测事实相一致。

In chapter 2 and 3, experimentally, using the Angular-Resolved high-resolution fast Electron Energy Loss Spectrometer , at the condition of 2. 5 keV incident energy and 50-60 meV energy resolution, we measured the Optical Oscillator Strength Density Spectra for the excitations of 4p, 4s or 3d electron. The oscillator strengths for excitations of the valent shell 4p electron were obtained, and comparisons were done between presently experimental and previously experimental and theoretical results. The experimental results of different groups agree with each other approximately, but the semi-experientially theoretical results do not match with the experimental results. The delayed maximum in the photoabsorption spectra was discussed. It should arise from the transition of 4p→∈d. For the excitation of the inner-valent 4s electron, the discrepancies for the resonant structures in previous electron-impact results and photoionization results were clarified in present work, which confirms again that the fast electron impact method is suitable to measure the optical oscillator strengths. The autoionization Rydberg series 4s〓ns (n=5, 6, 7) and 4s〓nd (n=4, 5, 6, 7) were identified without ambiguity by the measurement at 0°, 2° and 4°scattering angles. The energy levels and natural widths of the excitations of Kr3d and Ar2p inner shell, including optically allowed and forbidden transitions, were determined. The widths of these inner shell excitations are nearly the same, which was interpreted by the Resonant Auger effect .

在第二章和第三章，实验上，使用角分辨的高能量分辨快电子能量损失谱仪，在2.5keV电子入射能量和50-60meV能量分辨下，测量了Kr原子由价壳层4p到内价壳层4s，再到内壳层3d电子激发的光学振子强度密度谱；得到了价壳层4p电子激发束缚态的光学振子强度，与前人实验和半经验理论结果作了细致的比较，说明几家实验是比较符合的，但半经验的理论计算存在问题；分析了光吸收谱中的延迟极大现象，说明在第一电离阈值以上几个eV范围内的极大值源于4p→εd跃迁产生的延迟极大；对于内价壳层4s激发的自电离区，澄清了前人实验中电子碰撞方法和光学方法在共振结构上存在差异的问题，再一次肯定了快电子碰撞方法是获得绝对光学振子强度的一种好方法；通过在非0°散射角的测量（如2°和4°），清楚地标识了4s电子激发的光学禁戒跃迁自电离里德堡系列4s〓ns（n=5，6，7）和4s〓nd（n=4，5，6，7）；通过在0°和4°散射角的测量，观测并标识了几个新的内壳层光学禁戒跃迁能级，得到了Kr原子3d和Ar原子2p内壳层激发态（包括光学允许和禁戒跃迁形成的）的能级位置和自然宽度，用共振俄歇效应解释了这些内壳层激发态（不管是光学允许还是禁戒跃迁产生的）的自然宽度彼此比较接近的原因。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。