非理想的

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component. For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper. For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space state informatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision. Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为（n-1）维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料（单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待）、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component.For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material .distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper.For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space stateinformatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision.Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为(n-1)维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料(单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待)、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

It is a natural generalization of the notion of implicative ideals in BCK algebras.

证明了BCI代数的一个非空子集是BCI关联理想当且仅当它既是BCI交换理想又是BCI正定关联理想，从而揭示了这三类理想之间的内在联系，并将BCK代数中知名论断：BCK代数的一个非空子集是关联理想当且仅当它既是交换理想又是正定关联理想，推广到BCI代数上去。

To examine the topological space theory by nonstandard analysis, the nonstandard characteristics of ideals convergence is given in the enlargement model.

为了用非标准分析方法进一步研究拓扑空间，在扩大模型下，对理想收敛的基本理论进行了非标准刻画：设X是拓扑空间，I是X中的理想，I收敛于点x，当且仅当v v 。

It is shown that let R be right nonsingular AGP-injective rings, if R be right CF rings and every right principal ideal is two-side ideal, then R is Von Neumann regular ring.

证明了设R是右非奇异右AGP-内射环，如果R是右CF-环且每个主右理想都是双边理想，则R是正则环，其次，讨论了右AGP-内射环的非奇异性。

By introducing the concepts of semiideal and regular semiideal with respect to a given subring, the general power rings and regular power rings are constructed and a number of examples of non-regular HX rings and non-regular power rings are cited.

通过引入了关于一个子环的半理想与正则半理想概念，构造出一般幂环与正则幂环，并具体给出了若干非正则HX环与非正则幂环的例子。

Operations are given and testified in this paper. The research methods of intrinsical linear nonholonomic dynamics are similar to those of holonomic dynamics.The rationality and equivalence of Chetaev model and Vacco model in the intrinsical linear nonholonomic system are testified from the mathematic and mechanical aspects. The essential reason is the nonlinear property of intrinsical nonlinear nonholonomic constrain that bring on Chetaev model and Vacco model inequivalent. Chetaev model is a linear approximate method in intrinsical nonlinear nonholonomic system. Vacco dynamical equations are not satisfied to the ideal constraint force conditions, but it gives a significative ponderation on the realizations of intrinsical nonlinear nonholonomic constrain.

本文比较研究了一般非完整系统的Chetaev模型和Vacco模型，首次从力学和数学的角度论证了这两种模型在完整系统和本质线性非完整系统中的合理性和等价性；同时给出了在本质非线性非完整系统中，Chetaev模型和Vacco模型不等价的根本原因，是由本质非线性非完整约束的不确定性非线性本质所导致的；指出在本质非线性非完整系统中，Chetaev模型是一种线性近似的结果，Vacco动力学方程虽然不满足约束力的理想性质，但是为我们研究本质非线性非完整约束的物理实现提供了有益的思考。

Under the same concentration, tadalafil induce higher ratio of relation responses in the smooth muscles of CRF rabbit cavernosal strips, compared with papaverine and sodium nitroprussiate, with most significant difference occurring under the concentration indicators of 10-5 mol/L and 10-4 mol/L (P.01). Conclusions The effects of tadalafil on relaxation responses in CRF rabbit cavernosal strips highly depend on its concentration. The effect of tadalafil on relaxation responses in CRF rabbit cavernosal strips is better than that of papaverine and sodium nitroprussiate. Tadalafil may be an effective drug for treating CRF reduced erection dysfunction.

同一浓度下，他达拉非对慢性肾功能衰竭兔阴茎海绵体平滑肌舒张百分比与罂粟碱、硝普钠相比较，舒张百分比均大于罂粟碱和硝普钠，且在10~(-5)mol/L、10~(-4)mol/L浓度，他达拉非对慢性肾功能衰竭兔阴茎海绵体平滑肌舒张百分比，与罂粟碱、硝普钠相比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01)结论他达拉非对慢性肾功能衰竭兔阴茎海绵体平滑肌舒张反应的影响具有浓度依赖性，他达拉非对慢性肾功能衰竭兔阴茎海绵体平滑肌舒张反应的影响优于罂粟碱及硝普钠，他达拉非可能是治疗慢性肾功能衰竭性阴茎勃起功能障碍的理想药物。

On the basis of the concept of perfect quantum gas, a physical model of extreme relativity is established for perfect quantum gas, and also according to the conclusions of the state density of the extreme theory of relativity, the densities of quantum statistics′ particle numbers and energy, the extreme relativity′s result of the enthalpy、internal energy and heat capacity of the perfect quantum gas is obtained under the high temperature by strict theory inference.

在理想量子气体概念的基础上，首先建立极端相对论理想量子气体的物理模型；再根据极端相对论的态密度和量子统计的粒子数、能量的密度结论，通过严格的理论推导，得出理想量子气体在高温条件下的极端相对论性的焓、内能和热容量的结果，并将其热容量与高温条件下的理想量子气体、经典理想气体的热容量对比，指出极端相对论与非相对论两种模型、理想量子气体与经典理想气体两种模型的热容量之间的差异，同时分析这些差异的物理原因在于各自气体模型的态密度以及对应体系的波函数的对称性；最后阐明高温条件下极端相对论理想量子气体的热容量在量子统计方面的先进性及应用前景。

Finally it clarifies the advance in quantum statistics and the practical prospect of heat capacity of the extreme relativity's perfect quantum gas under high tamperature.

摘 要：在理想量子气体概念的基础上，首先建立极端相对论理想量子气体的物理模型；再根据极端相对论的态密度和量子统计的粒子数、能量的密度结论，通过严格的理论推导，得出理想量子气体在高温条件下的极端相对论性的焓、内能和热容量的结果，并将其热容量与高温条件下的理想量子气体、经典理想气体的热容量对比，指出极端相对论与非相对论两种模型、理想量子气体与经典理想气体两种模型的热容量之间的差异，同时分析这些差异的物理原因在于各自气体模型的态密度以及对应体系的波函数的对称性；最后阐明高温条件下极端相对论理想量子气体的热容量在量子统计方面的先进性及应用前景。

It seems likely that Kraft will return with a better offer.

看起来卡夫要重新考虑一个更好的出价了。

But he'd rather burn off my feelers and watch me squirm.

可他却放任那个家伙对我为所欲为！