非特定的

The main job and contribution of this paper are as follows:Based on narrowband signal processing, we propose a new method for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation. Firstly, compute the cross-correlation function of FH signals from multichannels, then we get the cross power spectral density matrixCSDM Secondly, select the hops of FH signals from the CSDM via processing and analyzing the CSDM, meanwhile reduce the influence coming from noise, fixed frequency signal and other interferences; Lastly, estimating the DOA of every hop and according to the DOA, we can separate the hops, get the number of FH signals and their parameters. Propose a new method for designing the threshold in FH signal detection. This method makes it easy to get the threshold by theoretic computing and it can extremely reduce the interference of non-FH signals.Based on broadband signal processing, we propose a new method for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation. Firstly, get the DOA of the signals by wideband spatial spectrum estimation; secondly, separate the signals by spatial filtering using wideband beamformer; Lastly, we propose two methods for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation, one is for several constant hop-rate FH signals whose dwell-time are different and another is for a single FH signal whose hop-rate is alterable.By employing spatial interpolation in broadband signal beamforming, it can reduce the number of antenna elements and corresponding RF modules, A/D converters, etc. It can also eliminate the mutual coupling between antenna elements while getting the narrower main beamwidth and lower sidelobe level.

本文的主要研究工作和贡献如下：●提出了一种基于窄带处理的FH信号盲检测和参数盲估计的实现方法，即首先求出多路信号之间的互相关，进而得到互功率谱密度矩阵，然后通过对CSDM进行对折处理来抑制噪声、定频信号及其他干扰的影响，并将所有属于FH信号的hop(每一跳的驻留时间在时频图上持续的线段)从CSDM中筛选出来，最后用阵列信号处理中的到达方向估计理论在频域中估计出各个hop的方向参数，利用方位信息完成FH信号分离并得到FH信号的数目及其各自的参数集；●提出了一种确定FH信号检测门限的策略，该策略不仅使得检测门限能够通过理论计算得到，而且还显著地抑制了非跳频信号的干扰，从而能有效地检测出FH信号；●提出了一种基于宽带处理的短波FH信号盲检测和参数盲估计的实现方法，即首先利用宽带空间谱测向技术得到接收信号的DOA，然后采用宽带波束形成技术对特定方向进行空间滤波，实现多个信号的分离，最后分别提出了两种FH信号的盲检测和参数盲估计方法，第一种方法适用于空间某个特定方向上存在着几个驻留时间不同的恒跳速FH信号和其他干扰信号的混合信号，第二种方法适用于空间某个特定方向上仅含一个可变跳速的FH信号和噪声的混合信号；●将空间插值的概念和宽带波束形成技术结合起来，提出了一种基于频域处理的宽带恒定束宽的波束形成方法。

Secondly, the research of the premise and the evaluating method of its application in enterprises are processed. And, it concludes the boundary of NESA through the comparison between Enterprise Integration and NESA.

在此基础上，探讨了构建非股权战略联盟的前提条件及对于特定企业的适用类型的评估方法，并通过与企业内部一体化之间的比较研究，在理论上得到建立非股权战略联盟的边界结论。

The conclusions are drawed as following:(1) both reinforcement learning moedel and BBAM can fit the information searching behavior on web in given context;(2) faced with a general restriction, which means a strong uncertainty, the decision making behavior of bounded rationality agent should involve completely rationally calculation and routinism without any conscious reflection on the situation;(3) agent's cognition evolution should be directed by consciousness, the convergence is affected by three factors: the initial belief system, the ...

通过实证分析可以得出以下结论：（1）强化模型和BBAM在一定程度、一定条件内都能较好的刻画用户网络文献检索行为；（2）学习的发生是与特定的外部场景相联系的，在通常的非强外在约束下，有限理性个体进行随机决策时，其行为同时包含了有意识的理性计算和无意识的规则遵循；（3）在随机决策过程中，个体可能发生的认知进化应是有意识指导的结果，但收敛的方向却受到至少三个因素的影响：初始的信念状态、对反馈信号的主观判断能力、试错的次数。

Formulas of the induced potential, stopping power, DIIMFP and IMFP considering the memory effect were derived for a charged particle moving parallel to a solid surface. It was found that those with the memory effect for energy lay between the corresponding values without the memory effect for energy and previous energy . The memory effect increased with increasing energy loss,, in the previous inelastic interaction.

对於带电粒子沿固体表面平行移动时，其感生电位、阻挡本领、微分倒数非弹性平均自由行径和非弹性平均自由行径之模式均被建构，研究显示对某特定粒子能量，其考虑记忆效应的结果会座落在不考虑记忆效应之此粒子能量及上次非弹性作用前粒子能量的结果之间，而记忆效应会随前次非弹性交互作用能量损失增加而变大。

Based on the theory of B spline,this paper discusses the sufficient and necessary conditions of G 1 continuity between two patches of bi cubic tensor product non uniform B spline surfaces in a special type,and gives a kind of sufficient condition of G 1 continuity so as to satisfy the need of application.

依据有关B样条理论，研究了一种特定类型的双三次张量积非均匀B样条曲面间G1光滑拼接的充要条件，且给出了此种类型的两张双三次张量积非均匀B样条曲面间G1光滑拼接的一个充分条件，以满足实际应用的需

The usage of all the hedges involves both literal meaning and non-literal meaning, and all kinds of the hedges can be used untruthfully, namely, pragmatic strategy usage, as a means of expressing the speaker's certain intention. Therefore it is not appropriate to range the Approximators absolutely in the study of semantics.

模糊限制语存在字面意义和非字面意义两种使用情况，在具体使用中，所有类型的模糊限制语都有非真实性用法，即语用策略性用法，可以用作一种表达说话人特定意图的手段，因此把变动型模糊限制语完全归入语义研究的范围并不恰当。

Pragmatic presupposition determines the choice of information focus and its position in a sentence,organizes the discourse into a coherent whole,concise,clear and smooth,and achieves the expected stylistic effects.in college english teaching,if teachers teach the knowledge about pragmatic presupposition in listening teaching,introduce the frequently-seen patterns of presupposition, increase the presuppositional sensitivity of students to certain words and structures,guide students to use the theory on presuppositional information to make forecasts on base of written listening material,listen purposefully,and get rid of the distraction of the minor and redundant information,the ability of students to obtain major information and linguistic inference will be strengthened and their listening competence will improve remarkably.george yule divided presuppositional triggers into factive presupposition,non-factive presupposition,counter-factive presupposition,existential presupposition,lexical presupposition and structural presupposition.presuppositional triggers are helpful for us to understand the true intention of the speaker or writer.in college english reading teaching,if teachers introduce the discourse organizing function of pragmatic presupposition and the relevant presupposition triggers,and teach students to use these triggers to communicate with the writer,the comprehension competence of students will be greatly enhanced.the essential function of presupposition is to build a framework for the further development of discourse.in college english writing teaching,teachers can use the theory on pragmatic presupposition to construct a handy training program for textual organization,increase the textual coherence, economy and structural perfection of the english writings by students.in college english translation teaching,teachers should focus on developing the pragmatic presuppositional thinking of students,enable them to grasp the presupposed information in source text / speech exactly,understand the original thoroughly,correctly reorganize and reproduce the pragmatic presuppositions in the target language,carry out the functional equivalence in translation and successfully realize the smooth and accurate communication.with the instruction of pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,the complete understanding and integral acquisition of english and chinese of students will come true.in conclusion,to implement the curriculum requirements for college english teaching promulgated by the ministry of education of china,we should emphasize the instruction of the theory on pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,carry it through from beginning to end.it's one of the important means to realize the college english teaching reform, improve the effects of college english teaching,strengthenr the practical and integrative language abilities of students,in order to cultivate the compound talents to adapt to the global integration and meet the requirements of the reform and opening in china.

在大学英语教学中，教师将语用预设知识贯穿于听力教学过程中，讲授一些常出现的预设类型，提高学生对一些特定的词语和结构的预设敏感度，引导学生运用预设信息理论对听力文字材料进行预测，有的放矢，排除次要、冗余信息的干扰，增强获取主要信息的能力和语言推理能力，从而提。。。更多高学生的听力理解水平。george yule将预设触发语分为事实预设、非事实预设、反事实预设、存在预设、词汇预设和结构预设，触发语有助于我们在阅读当中理解作者的真正用意。在大学英语阅读教学中，介绍语用预设的语篇组织功能和有关的预设触发语，并利用触发语来与作者进行交流，会极大地提高阅读理解能力。预设的基本功能就是为语篇的进一步发展建立一个框架。利用语用预设理论可以为大学英语写作教学构建一个易于操作的篇章组织训练方法，提高学生英语写作的语篇连贯性，经济性和结构优化。在大学英语翻译教学中，注重培养学生的语用预设思维，准确把握源语的前提信息，透彻理解原文，使语用预设在目的语中正确重组和再现，实现翻译的功能对等，交际的流畅性和准确性，并增强学生对英汉双语的全面性认识和整体性习得。综上所述，为更好地贯彻和实施教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》，在大学英语教学中重视语用预设理论的传授，使语用预设贯穿于大学英语教学的始终，是实现大学英语教学改革的重要手段，改善大学英语教学效果，增强学生的实用综合语言能力，培养符合全球一体化趋势，适应改革开放要求的复合型人才。

Based on noncollinear optical parametric amplification in periodically poled lithium niobate which is realized by quasi-phase matching technology, we consider the possibility of semi-noncollinear phase matching method between collinear and noncollinear geometry.

基于周期性极化铌酸锂晶体的准相位匹配光参变放大过程，通过倾斜周期极化铌酸锂晶体中极化域一定角度，实现了介于共线匹配方式和非共线匹配方式之间的一种半非共线型准相位匹配方式，并以该匹配方式下的各光矢量几何关系得出相位匹配曲线，找到在特定抽运光和信号光波长下能获得宽带增益放大的周期极化长度。

However, one can (1) accept DD and thereby accept the converse thesis that the existence of certain aspects of psychological reality requires the existence of a nonpsychological reality containing an external, physical world, and yet (2) reject the thesis that the existence of such a non-psychological reality requires the existence of a 'sustaining' or 'constituting' psychological reality.

无论如何，某人能1、接受DD因此接受相反的主张（心理实在的某些特定方面的存在必须非心理实在的存在），2、拒绝这个主张（——这样的非心理实在的存在必须持存的、构成性的心理实在的存在）。

The mathematics description of the non-spherical lens is the most important problem for the beam shaping system design. A numerical simulating method and its precision analysis are given, and the results indicate that this method is simple, and can be used for the design of LD beam collimating system with non-spherical lens.

非球面柱透镜曲面的数学描述是人们目前关注较多的问题之一，作者使用数值拟合的方法，对其进行了数值拟合并给出了精度分析，结果表明：该方法简单、直观，能够完全满足特定精度的要求，从而可以方便地用于非球面柱透镜的分析和设计。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。