非有效的

Thirdly, by applying Frenchet derivative analysis, the iteration formula is derived to solve the constrained functional minimization problem, essentially the formula is a level set equation, in which the motion velocity of the level set is the shape sensitivity of material interfaces.

为了有效处理违反约束，这里还提出了在违反约束水平集的负法凸锥内构造水平集的法向修正速度的返回映射算法，它可以方便地处理多材料、多约束和含有非设计域的结构设计问题，使初值给定容易。

Based on wake features and operational principle of wake homing torpedo, this paper introduces some methods of soft kill, hard kill and non-kill, such as gas generator, magnetic wake, torpedo net defense, depth bomb, anti-torpedo torpedo, stealth, and evasive maneuver.

该文基于尾流特征及尾流自导鱼雷工作原理，介绍了用于对抗尾流自导鱼雷的气幕弹、磁尾流、拖网、深水炸弹和反鱼雷鱼雷等几种软杀伤和硬杀伤方法以及隐身技术和机动规避等非杀伤方法，总结了舰船对抗鱼雷攻击的3个关键环节包括高性能鱼雷报警系统、快速反应的水声对抗系统和多功能的水声对抗设施，旨在为有效防御尾流自导鱼雷提供思路。

Based on wake features and operational principle of wake homing torpedo , this paper introduces some methods of soft kill , hard kill and non-kill ,such as gas generator , magnetic wake , torpedo net defense , depth bomb , anti-torpedo torpedo , stealth , and evasive maneuver. We summarizes three key points in the defense against wake homing torpedo , including high perfo口nance torpedo alarm system , rapid response acoustic countermeasure system , and multi-functional acoustic countermeasure device , to provide approaches to effectively countering wake homing torpedo.

该文基于尾流特征及尾流自导鱼雷工作原理介绍了用于对抗尾流自导鱼雷的气幕弹、磁尾流、拖网、深水炸弹和反鱼雷鱼雷等几种软杀伤和硬杀伤方法以及隐身技术和机动规避等非杀伤方法总结了舰船对抗鱼雷攻击3 个的关键环节包括高性能鱼雷报警系统、快速反应的水声对抗系统和多功能的水声对抗设施旨在为有效防御尾流自导鱼雷提供思路。

Generalized predictive control is a kind of advance control methods that is of strong robustness, can overcome the time delay of system effectively and is suitable to unstable non-minimum phase system. But it has the shortcoming of large computation load because of online solving the Diophantine equation, inverse matrix and recursion solution by Least squares. So four kinds of fast algorithms of GPC that don't need the mathematical model of plant and are highly real-time are proposed in the paper. They have laid the rationale for the application of GPC to systems that need fast response.

广义预测控制是一种鲁棒性强、能够有效地克服系统滞后、可应用于开环不稳定非最小相位系统的先进控制算法，但由于它需要Diophantine方程计算、矩阵求逆和最小二乘的递推求解，因此计算量很大，本文针对此缺陷提出四种不基于对象模型且实时性高的广义预测控制快速算法，为广义预测控制应用于实时性要求高的快速系统奠定了理论基础，具体研究工作如下。

Sterilize with high voltage pulsed electric field is a new food sterilization technology, althougu the temperature of its process is low, but it can kill the microorganism in food effectively, and at the same time it can maintain the original color fragrance of the food. So it has an unique function to the food; vegetables and fruit's maintain freshness, sterilization and the insect disinfestation. It is the best technology among the food sterilization use non-heat treatment at present.

中文摘要：摘要：高压脉冲电场杀菌是一项新型食品杀菌技术，其杀菌过程虽温度低，但能有效杀死食品中的微生物，同时能保持食品原有的色香味，对于蔬菜水果的保鲜、杀菌、杀虫具有独特的作用，是目前非热处理食品杀菌技术中效果最佳、应用前景最好的技术。

In order to prevent abrasion and extend the service life, people deal with all kinds of researches. Now, people use a new method of preventing drill stem abrasion －Install non-rotating protector in the part near drill stem tie-in to solve this problem effectively.

为防止钻柱磨损和延长钻柱的使用寿命，人们从事了各种各样的研究工作，目前，工程上采用了一种新型的防磨方法——在靠近钻柱接头的部位，安装非旋转防磨减断保护套，有效地解决了这个问题。

Based on the theory of hurdle effect,the hurdle for preventing corruption of product was formation because of the mutual effects between the several moderate strength hurdle factors such as the strength for sterilization,acidityand activity of water,electrometric highness and preservative.

运用栅栏效应理论，合理设置多个强度缓和的栅栏因子，即杀菌强度、酸度、水分活度、氧化还原电势及防腐剂，通过它们之间的交互作用，形成有效防止制品腐败变质的栅栏，开发出感官品质良好的风味波纹巴非蛤肉软罐头。

Furthermore, methods of well-test interpretation are researched in aspects of observation points, equivalent pressure point and treatment for multi-solutions of pressure response.

以渤海油田4个分支井眼的水平分支井SZ36-1-CF1为例，系统研究了非均质双重介质油藏中瞬时压力响应的有效算法、在无限导流能力的井内等价压力点的取法、以及严重存在多解情形的试井解释方法等。

The non-relativistic energies and wave functions were determined by Rayleigh-Ritz method. The relativistic effects, including the correction to kinetic energy, the electron-electron contact term, and the orbit-orbit interaction, Darwin term, and mass-polarization effect on the energies were calculated by using first-order perturbation theory. In order to obtain a more accurate result for the larger Z system, the quantum-electrodynamics correction should be included. This correction to energy can be evaluated for the valence electron by using a hydrogenic formula with an effective nuclear charge, Z. The ionization potential, the excitation energies and the fine structure split-tings for a lithium-like ion with higher nuclear charge (Z=26) were calculated.

非相对论能量用Rayleigh-Ritz变分法确定，包括动能修正、电子—电子接触项、轨道—轨道相互作用项以及Darwin项的相对论修正和质量极化项由全实加关联波函数的一阶微扰给出，量子电动力学修正由有效核电荷方法和类氢公式计算；给出了较高核电荷(Z=26)类锂体系1s^2nl组态的电离能、激发能和1s^2np组态的精细结构劈裂。

Carbon nanotubes are used to solve this problem effectively in this project. As controlled DC voltage is applied to the CNTs electrode, the sharp tips of CNTs can generate high electric fields, so it was easy to ionize gas and get larger current at lower voltages.

纳米碳管的出现有效地解决了该问题，在外加直流电压激励下，纳米碳管的尖端会形成很强的非均匀电场，在电压相对较低的情况下能很容易地电离气体且获得较大的放电电流。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。