非教学的

Then, analyzed unreasonable phenomenon under physical educationcircumstances with gender, skill-level, disability, athlete, ethnos, and sport interest from multicultural perspective. Next, induced the classic deviation models from current physical education teaching phenomenon. Finally, the researcher proposed the way of implementing to achieve multicultural physical education from minority group such as the female, the low-skill, disability, athlete, aboriginal and non-mainstream sport enthusiasts.

首先，从多元文化观点探讨体育教学的内涵与目标；其次，从多元文化观点，以性别、技能水准、残障者、运动员、族群及运动兴趣为分析标的；分析在体育情境中的不合理现象；再次，从现有体育教学的现象归纳的典型偏差模式；最后，从体育情境中弱势族群，如女性、低技能水准者、残障者、运动员、原住民及非主流运动兴趣者的观点，提出达成多元文化体育之实践途径。

Key word:practicality ; practicability; efficiency; translation; formularization; talking points; de-regularization; game

论文关键词：实际实用效率原则翻译原则程序化原则谈点原则非程式化原则游戏原则论文摘要：一本好的英语口语教材首先要面对实际，英语口语教学的实际就是它属于TEFL教学

In this papers according to Harmer's Three Elements Theory and the requirements bo teaching in navigation English teaching practice, the author puts forward the feasibility of the cooperative language teaching in classroom teaching practice. By combining with the reality on asmmetry of the knowledge structures of the teachers and students the author also analyzes the advantages of it dining the navigation English study.

本文根据英国英语教学专家Harmer关于成功外语课堂教学的三个基本要素的理论，和航海专业英语教学对教师提出的要求，结合航海专业英语教师知识结构非对称性的问题，以及在进入航海专业英语教学阶段后，学生自身知识结构非对称性的实际，提出了航海专业英语合作式课堂教学法的设想。

AMI patients admitted on weekends had higher mortality than those admitted during weekdays. Higher physician volume is associated with lower in-hospital AMI mortality. Furthermore, patients cared for by cardiologists have lower mortality than those cared for by non-internists. Additionally, patients admitted to teaching hospitals have lower mortality than those admitted to nonteaching hospitals.

急性心肌梗塞病患周末住院较平常日住院有较高的住院死亡风险，较高的医师服务量与较低的急性心肌梗塞住院死亡风险有关，心脏专科医师治疗的住院死亡风险相较其他非内科医师为低，教学医院治疗的住院死亡风险亦较非教学医院为低。

Beginning with the investigation of the mathematics studying of the freshmen the author de signed a questionnaire, and found that the adaptability level of the freshmen's chemistry learning is not high enough, and that the majority of freshmen are unadaptable to their chemistry teacher's teaching method in universities.

本文从非化学专业大学新生学习化学的实际情况调查入手，通过自编的调查问卷，深入分析发现大学新生化学学习的总体适应性水平不高，在面对突如其来的学习内容差异和环境的转换，学生很难体会到化学教学的魅力，难以形成专业自豪感和学习的兴趣，普遍不适应大学化学教师的教学方式。

Pragmatic presupposition determines the choice of information focus and its position in a sentence,organizes the discourse into a coherent whole,concise,clear and smooth,and achieves the expected stylistic effects.in college english teaching,if teachers teach the knowledge about pragmatic presupposition in listening teaching,introduce the frequently-seen patterns of presupposition, increase the presuppositional sensitivity of students to certain words and structures,guide students to use the theory on presuppositional information to make forecasts on base of written listening material,listen purposefully,and get rid of the distraction of the minor and redundant information,the ability of students to obtain major information and linguistic inference will be strengthened and their listening competence will improve remarkably.george yule divided presuppositional triggers into factive presupposition,non-factive presupposition,counter-factive presupposition,existential presupposition,lexical presupposition and structural presupposition.presuppositional triggers are helpful for us to understand the true intention of the speaker or writer.in college english reading teaching,if teachers introduce the discourse organizing function of pragmatic presupposition and the relevant presupposition triggers,and teach students to use these triggers to communicate with the writer,the comprehension competence of students will be greatly enhanced.the essential function of presupposition is to build a framework for the further development of discourse.in college english writing teaching,teachers can use the theory on pragmatic presupposition to construct a handy training program for textual organization,increase the textual coherence, economy and structural perfection of the english writings by students.in college english translation teaching,teachers should focus on developing the pragmatic presuppositional thinking of students,enable them to grasp the presupposed information in source text / speech exactly,understand the original thoroughly,correctly reorganize and reproduce the pragmatic presuppositions in the target language,carry out the functional equivalence in translation and successfully realize the smooth and accurate communication.with the instruction of pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,the complete understanding and integral acquisition of english and chinese of students will come true.in conclusion,to implement the curriculum requirements for college english teaching promulgated by the ministry of education of china,we should emphasize the instruction of the theory on pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,carry it through from beginning to end.it's one of the important means to realize the college english teaching reform, improve the effects of college english teaching,strengthenr the practical and integrative language abilities of students,in order to cultivate the compound talents to adapt to the global integration and meet the requirements of the reform and opening in china.

在大学英语教学中，教师将语用预设知识贯穿于听力教学过程中，讲授一些常出现的预设类型，提高学生对一些特定的词语和结构的预设敏感度，引导学生运用预设信息理论对听力文字材料进行预测，有的放矢，排除次要、冗余信息的干扰，增强获取主要信息的能力和语言推理能力，从而提。。。更多高学生的听力理解水平。george yule将预设触发语分为事实预设、非事实预设、反事实预设、存在预设、词汇预设和结构预设，触发语有助于我们在阅读当中理解作者的真正用意。在大学英语阅读教学中，介绍语用预设的语篇组织功能和有关的预设触发语，并利用触发语来与作者进行交流，会极大地提高阅读理解能力。预设的基本功能就是为语篇的进一步发展建立一个框架。利用语用预设理论可以为大学英语写作教学构建一个易于操作的篇章组织训练方法，提高学生英语写作的语篇连贯性，经济性和结构优化。在大学英语翻译教学中，注重培养学生的语用预设思维，准确把握源语的前提信息，透彻理解原文，使语用预设在目的语中正确重组和再现，实现翻译的功能对等，交际的流畅性和准确性，并增强学生对英汉双语的全面性认识和整体性习得。综上所述，为更好地贯彻和实施教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》，在大学英语教学中重视语用预设理论的传授，使语用预设贯穿于大学英语教学的始终，是实现大学英语教学改革的重要手段，改善大学英语教学效果，增强学生的实用综合语言能力，培养符合全球一体化趋势，适应改革开放要求的复合型人才。

Aiming to point the significance of nonverbal communication, it focuses on the influence of nonverbal communicative approach in communication, especially in teaching with the implication to it.

为了指出非言语交际的重要性，着重论述非言语交际在交际中的影响尤其对教学产生的影响，从而得出对教学的启示。

Aiming to point the significance of nonverbal communication, it focuses on the influence of nonverbal communicative approach in communication, especially in teaching with the implication to it.

为了指出非言语外交的重要性，侧重叙述非言语外交在外交中的影响尤其对教学孕育产生的影响，从而得出对教学的开发。

By doing these, the theory of effective classroom teaching would be afforced and fully developed.

一方面，对熵理论在初中化学课堂有效教学的应用研究是对有效教学理论的丰富和发展；另一方面应用熵理论指导初中化学教学实践，在教学过程中充分把握初中化学教学系统的开放性特征、非平衡特征、&自组织&现象进行初中化学有效教学，将有助于我们进一步改善教学方法，优化教学手段，真正意义上实施有效教学，从而提升学生的化学科素养，充分发挥学生的潜能，促进初中新课程的顺利实施，推进素质教育。

With a view to the above issues, an empirical study is conducted using an interview, a questionnaire and a grammar proficiency test to validate the necessity of college English grammar teaching for non-English majors from three dimensions:"teachers' attitudes to grammar teaching","students' attitudes to grammar teaching" and "objective grammar test".

围绕这些问题，笔者通过实证研究的方法，用访谈、问卷以及语法水平考试这三种研究工具从&教师对语法教学的态度&、&学生对语法教学的态度&，以及&客观的语法测试&这三个方面来论证非英语专业大学英语语法教学的必要性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。