非弹性的

Chapter 9: We report a large quantity of numerical experiments of 13 different algebraic multigrid algorithms for solving the Poisson equation, anisotropic equation, equation with cross-derivative terms, general matrix problems with large off-diagonal positive entries, biharmonic equation, Toeplity matrix, elasticity systems, finite element discretization of the Laplacian and even 3D problems. Particular attention is focused on asymptotic convergence factors and CPU-time consumed. Numerical results for many different types of practical problems demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed algebraic multigrid methods.

第九章：在各种代数多重网格算法的基础上，进行了大量的数值试验，具体给出了十三种不同的代数多重网格方法求解泊松方程，各向异性方程，带混合导数项的方程，带有大的非对角正元素的一般矩阵问题，重调和方程，托普利兹矩阵，弹性力学方程组，拉普拉斯算子的有限元离散，甚至三维问题的较为丰富的数值结果，重点关注它们的渐近收敛因子和所需的CPU时间，来源于不同类型问题的计算结果既为代数多重网格理论分析和算法的改进提供了很实用的资料，同时也证实了本文给出的代数多重网格算法的效绩和稳健性。

In the analysis, firstly, the flux boundary condition is used to simulate the frictional heat resource between wheel and rail. The non-steady heat transfer between the contacting surfaces of the wheel/rail, heat-convection and radiation between the wheel/rail and the ambient were all taken into consideration. Therefore, a heat coupling model of the wheel/rail in rolling/sliding is put forward to calculate the frictional temperature rise in the wheel and rail. Secondly, after the temperature distribution of wheel/rail, due to friction, is calculated, substitute the thermal load with equivalent fictitious body force and boundary distributed force loaded on the nodes of the corresponding elements. The wheel-load is applied to the center of the wheel.

首先，用热流边界条件模拟轮轨接触界面的摩擦热源，考虑轮轨间的非稳态热传导、轮轨自由表面与环境的热对流、热辐射的影响，建立轮轨滚动接触热耦合有限元计算模型，分析计算轮轨滚、滑工况下的摩擦温升；其次，以求得的轮轨温度场结果作为求解轮轨应力场的已知条件，轮载以集中力形式直接加载于轮心处，将摩擦温升引起的热载荷等效为假想体力和热边界面力，施加于相应的单元节点上，建立了轮轨热—机械载荷耦合作用的热弹性平面应力模型，分析热—机械载荷作用下的轮轨应力场。

Firstly, the equation for stress intensity factors under static uniform pressure is used as the reference case, and then the weight function for a thick-walled cylinder containing a radial edge crack can be worked out. Secondly, the dynamic stresses in uncracked thick-walled cylinders are solved under internal impulsive pressure by using mode shape function method. The solution consists of a quasi-static solution satisfying inhomogeneous boundary conditions and a dynamic solution satisfying homogeneous boundary conditions, and the history and distribution of dynamic stresses in thick-walled cylinders are derived in terms of Fourier–Bessel series. Finally, the dynamic stress intensity factor equations for thick-walled cylinder containing a radial edge crack subjected to internal impulsive pressure are given by dynamic weight function method.

首先采用静态内压下的应力强度因子作为参考解，得到了带径向边裂纹厚壁圆筒的权函数；然后用振型函数方法推导无裂纹厚壁圆筒在冲击内压下的动应力响应，分析中将相应的弹性动力学方程解分为满足非齐次边界条件的准静态解和满足齐次边界条件的动态解的叠加，利用傅立叶-贝塞尔级数展开，推导出了厚壁圆筒内动应力的响应历程和分布规律；最后由动应力权函数方法导出带径向边裂纹厚壁筒在冲击内压下的动态应力强度因子计算公式。

The scattering wave velocity potential to the flexible circle pile was the solution of the Laplace equation, which satisfied the cylindrical surface non-homogeneous boundary condition.

采用动力Winkler弹性地基梁模型模拟桩土动力的相互作用，通过求解满足柱面非齐次边界条件的Laplace方程，直接构造波浪对柔性桩的散射速度势，考虑了流体和桩体的相互作用，由解析法给出了埋置圆桩在波浪荷载下的动力响应。

In recent years, due to industrial structure changing rapidly, enterprises face the situation that the industry has been relatively mature and even recessional, they invariably deliberate on how to reduce cost and adjust enterprise constitution.

近由於产业结构迅速变化，企业在面产业日趋成熟、甚至衰退的况下，无亟思如何低成本、调整企业体质，因此产业型态与雇用模式亦出现有别於以往的变化，组织规模渐趋向精简与扁平化、专营於某块专业基的顾问业纷纷崛起，加上求职者工作价值观的改变，终身雇用制之式微等等现象，许多企业纷纷采行各种措施，如组织再造、缩减规模与劳动弹性化等，期望能专注於本身专长的核心优势，并将非本身专长的工作以外包的方式来降低成本。

And the rock mass as the main object of most engineering practice is developed by all kinds of geotechnical action and force in the long geology history to the complex characteristic of continuous medium, crannied medium and granular medium, to the anisotropic and heterogeneous entity with elasticity, plasticity, viscidity, creepocity and rheology.

作为主要工程对象的岩体是在漫长的地质历史发展过程中经受各种地质营力作用而形成的成因和构造复杂，岩性多样且包含了连续介质，裂隙介质和散体介质特征的，兼有弹性、塑性、粘性、流变性的各向异性的非均质地质体。

In the study of defect problems in elastic media, first, the uniform stress fields within a three-phase anisotropic elliptic inclusion in anti-plane shear is discussed; second, an exact solution is given for an edge dislocation in a three-phase composite cylinder model with a sliding interface; finally, an analytic solution is derived for two circular inclusions with circumferentially inhomogeneously imperfect interfaces interacting with a circular Eshelby inclusion in anti-plane shear.

在对弹性介质缺陷体问题的讨论中，我们首先探讨了面外剪切变形下各向异性三相椭圆夹杂中均匀应力场；其次研究了具有滑动界面的三相圆柱复合模型中的刃型位错问题；最后分析了面外剪切下具有环向非均匀界面的两个圆柱异相夹杂与一个圆柱Eshelby夹杂的相互作用问题。

The rotationally periodic analytical method is extended to the linear static stability analysis of rotationally periodic structure sustained the unsymmetrically loads (especially, the wind load or horizontally seismic load) and the relevant finite element formulations for the rotationally periodic analysis are deduced.

对旋转周期分析方法在结构静动力分析和稳定分析中的应用进行了系统而全面的总结和讨论，并将其进一步推广至承受非轴对称载荷（尤其是工程中常见的风载或水平地震载荷）的旋转周期结构的线弹性静力稳定分析中，导出了相应的旋转周期分析的有限元列式。

In Chapter 4, problems of cavitated bifurcation for two spheres, which are composed of two different kinds of imperfect compressible hyper-elastic materials, were examined, respectively.

以一类具有缺陷的不可压超弹性材料组成的球体为例，研究了材料缺陷对空穴运动方程的非平凡解的存在性及其定性性质的影响。

First,the 3-d dynamic equations in cylindrical coordinate for transversely isotropic saturated soil were transformed into a group of governing differential equations with 1-order by the technique of Fourier expanding with respect to azimuth,and the state equation was established by Hankel integral transform method,furthermore the transfer matrixes within layered media were deriv...

首先，通过方位角的Fourier变换，将圆柱坐标系下横观各向同性饱和土的三维动力方程转化为一阶常微分方程组，基于径向Hankel变换，建立问题的状态方程，求解状态方程后得到传递矩阵；其次，利用传递矩阵，结合层状饱和地基的边界条件、排水条件及层间接触和连续条件，给出了任意简谐激振力作用下层状横观各向同性饱和地基动力响应的通解；然后，按混合边值问题建立层状饱和地基上弹性圆板非轴对称振动的对偶积分方程，并将对偶积分方程化为易于数值计算的第二类Fredholm积分方程，并给出了算例。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了