非平衡态

The aim is to seek more effectively new method of separation and purification for rubidium salts, so as to provide basic scientific data for further application study.

本文作为国家自然科学基金资助项目（20171032）的一个组成部分，着重开展了铷盐在水溶液和非水溶液中的等温平衡互溶度、物化性质、相态结构与组成以及热力学性质等方面的研究，以期找到分离和纯化铷盐的新方法，为应用研究打下基础，并积累必备的基础科学数据。

Chapter 2 is devoted to study of exact solutions of the nonlinear evolution equations. Using solutions of a Bernoulli equation instead of tanh in tanh-function method we find some more general solutions of the KdV-Burgers-Kuramoto equation , and by using the nonlinear telegraph equation we show that there are many different choices on its balancing number m and the power n of the nonlinear term in Bernoulli equation by which we can recover the previously known solutions and also can derive new square root type solitary wave solutions. Exact solitary wave solutions for a surface wave equation are obtained by means of the homogeneous balance method. We also present an approach for constructing the solitary wave solutions and non-solitary wave solutions of the nonlinear evolution equations by using the homogeneous balance method directly, which is also used to find the steady state solutions, solitary wave solutions and the non-solitary wave solutions of the 2+1 dimensional dispersive long wave equations. The soliton-like solutions of the BLMP equation and the 2+1 dimensional breaking soliton equation are found by use of the symbolic-computation-based Method.

第二章中研究了非线性发展方程的精确解：用双曲正切函数法中的双曲正切函数换为Bernoulli方程的解的方法而给出KdV-Burgers-Kuramoto方程的精确解并用非线性电波方程为例说明了平衡数m和Bernoulli方程中非线性项的次数n有着多种选择的可能，它不但使我们能找到已知解而且也能找出新的根式孤立波解；用齐次平衡法给出一个曲面波方程的精确孤立波解，并提出直接用齐次平衡法寻找非线性发展方程的孤立波解、非孤立波解的方法，作为应用给出2+1维色散长波方程组等的定态解、孤立波解、非孤立波解等；用Symbolic-computation-basedMethod获得BLMP方程和2+1维破裂孤子方程的类孤子解；提出sine-Gordon型方程的直接求解方法，并获得sine-Gordon方程、双sine-Gordon方程、sinh-Gordon方程、MKdV-sine-Gordon方程和Born-Infeld方程等的精确孤立波解。

This paper reviewed the research on dynamic and balance of soil nutrient pool under long-term fertilization conditions,mainly about some active aspects which included dynamic variations of total nitrogen,available N,total phosphorus,available P,total potassium,available K,and organic carbon in soil; dynamic variations of ammonium N,amino acid N,amino sugar N,unknown N,non hydrolyzable N and microbiomass N in soil nutrient pool; changes of Ca2-P,Ca8-P,Al-P,Fe-P,O-P,labile organic P,moderately labile organic P,moderately stable P,highly stable P and microbiomass P in soil; changes of loosely,stably and tightly combined humus,humic and fulvic acids in soil carbon pool; effects of long-term fertilization on organic-mineral complex status in soil; nutrients cycling and balance of agricultural soil nutrients pool.

扼要地概述了国内外近年来关于长期施肥条件下土壤养分库的动态与平衡方面的研究成果。主要介绍并讨论了土壤氮、磷、钾养分全量及有效量的动态变化，土壤有机碳含量的动态变化；铵态氮、氨基酸态氮、氨基糖态氮、酸解未知态氮、非水解残渣氮及微生物体氮在土壤氮库中的动态变化；Ca2 P、Ca8 P、Al P、Fe P、闭蓄态磷，活性有机磷、中度活性有机磷、中稳性有机磷、高稳性有机磷及微生物体磷在土壤磷库中的动态变化；土壤碳库中松结态腐殖质、稳结态腐殖质、紧结态腐殖质以及富里酸和胡敏酸的动态变化；长期施肥对土壤有机无机复合状况的影响；农田土壤养分库的养分循环与养分平衡。

The radial force balance equation for the self-electric field and self- magnetic field of the relativistic electron beam is used to calculate the angular rotation frequency of the relativistic electron beam propagating through the cylindrical wave guide filled with nonneutral plasmas.

首先利用相对论电子束的自电场与自磁场所产生的径向力平衡方程，计算出相对论电子束在稳态非中性等离子体填充的柱状波导中传输的转动频率。

According to the process of the mutual reaction of the population number at each energy level of the un-equilibrium mixed gases flowing in flow laser and the intensive emission reaching the stable oscillation, and the numerical simulated calculation results of the corresponding 3-dimensional distribution states, the simplified calculation formulae of the basic properties of the corresponding oscillator and amplifier are developed.

根据流动激光腔中流动的非平衡混合气体各能态布居数和强辐射相互作用达到稳定振荡的过程和相应的三维分布状态的数值模拟计算结果，发展了相应的振荡器和放大器基本特性的简化计算公式。

In this paper, the mechanisms of the generation, migration and production for coal seam gas are researched and the geological model for coal seam gas reservoir simulation is presented, according to the theories and methods of coal seam gas geology, petroleum geology and dynamic of fluids through porous media. A three-dimensional, dual-porosity, two-phase, pseudo-steady, non-equilibrium sorption mathematical model is established with the help of petroleum reservoir numerical simulation method. After that, this complex mathematical mode is approximated and solved by finite-difference and fully implicit methods. Coal Seam Gas Reservoir Simulation software in 1. 0 version (CSGRS 1. 0) with Chinese interface of pre-and post-processing function is developed.

本文应用煤层气地质学、石油天然气地质学和渗流力学等学科的理论和方法，研究了煤储层中煤层气的生成、储集、运移和产出机理，概化出了煤层气储层模拟的地质模型；以油气藏数值模拟和数值计算方法为工具，建立了描述三维、双孔隙、非平衡吸附、拟稳态条件下气-水两相流体混相运移规律的煤层气储层模拟的数学模型；详细推导出了该数学模型的全隐式求解方法；并借助计算机技术开发了具有中文操作界面的煤层气储层数值模拟软件CSGRS 1.0，实现了这一复杂数学模型的数值求解。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐