非平衡态

Therefore, alogical generalization of limit cycle in stochastic models needs to be developed, andinterestingly, the concept of circulation in the mathematical theory of nonequilibriumsteady states [91] actually plays the role.

因此，需要研究随机模型中对应于确定性模型极限环概念的合理推广；而在关于开系统非平衡定态的数学理论[91]中，环流恰好可以扮演这样一个角色。

Although, there has a progress in employing the lattice Boltzmann equation for fluid dynamics and modeling complex physics in fluids recently, there are some problems to be solved, such as the negativity of discrete local equilibrium or evolutionary distribution and the limitation of low Mach number.

尽管近年来在应用格子Boltzmann 方程对流体模拟和建模方面取得了重要进展，格子Boltzmann 方法仍有很多问题需要解决，例如离散的平衡态分布函数及分布函数的非负性问题、低Mach 数的限制问题。

The application of the lattice Boltzmann method in unsteady open channel flows was studied in detail in the paper. An existing lattice BGK model was mended; For the problem of negative local equilibrium and evolutionary distribution, we proposed a lattice Boltzmann model based on cell-population equilibrium, which is a direct non-negative approximation to the continuous Maxwell distribution. The model reduces the transport and collision, two basic evolution steps in the LB model, to transport of the non-equilibrium distribution.

本文系统的研究了格子Boltzmann 方法在明渠非恒定流中的应用问题，改进了一个现有的LB 模型，数值实验表明此改进是有效的；在平衡态分布函数及分布函数的非负性问题上，作者提出了一个基于单元均衡的格子Boltzmann 模型，通过直接对Maxwell 分布函数的离散化实现对速度分布函数的非负离散，这种方法将传统模型演化过程中的碰撞和输运两个步骤直接表现为粒子的输运。

Non steady state , steady state and equilibrium state and changing regulation were discussed.

运用不可逆热力学原理，对气泡传质过程进行了理论分析，讨论了非稳态、稳态、平衡态的差异及其变化规律。

Two dimensional non equilibrium sorption pseudo steady state model of coalbed methane for vertical well is derived in combination of an American model with the filed situation.

借鉴美国现有模型，结合我国现场实际情况，建立了二维煤层气垂直井的非平衡拟稳态井底渗流数学模型。

Plant throughput rate was increased to above 150 % without any increase of heat exchange area.

该装置于2002年进行冷凝态操作模式改造，可以在不提高换热面积的情况下提高生产速率150%以上，文中针对非冷凝态与冷凝态操作热量平衡的原理以及特点进行了探讨。

On the assumption of un-stirred, by reducing the dimension of system, the steady-state system takes the following form.here, u v are two competitive microorganic species.

在非均匀搅拌的假设下，对系统进行参数无量纲化和降维处理后，模型的平衡态即其中，u，v是两种相互竞争的微生物。

For example, a regenerative reheating furnace fluid flow and heat transfer is researched, which has simplified the flow and heat transfer of hot air stove according to its real operating conditions.The fluid flow and heat transfer of a hot air stove are numerically simulated by using finite volume method or finite difference method,which bases on the heat transfer equation,flow equation of the gas and heat balance equation.

根据热风炉的实际运行状况对蓄热式热风炉内的流动换热过程进行了合理的简化，并基于热传导方程、气体流动方程和气体的热平衡方程，建立了蓄热体的非稳态传热模型，在对模型利用有限差分法和有限容积法得到离散方程的基础上，采用C 语言编制了模拟计算程序。

The non-uniform channel impurity, the non-equal surface potential for the changing of balance energy band and the gate capacitor by the edge effect is thought about; the mathematics expression of the deep sub-micron non-uniform channel DMOS threshold voltage model is obtained.

计及沟道区杂质的二维非均匀分布、平衡态能级对沟道各点表面势的影响和栅电容的边缘效应，给出深亚微米DMOS的阈值电压二维解析式。

We present our Monte Carlo results of the random-bond Potts ferromagnet with the Olson-Young self-dual distribution of quenched disorders in two dimensions.By exploring the short-time scaling dynamics,we find the universal power-law critical behavior of the magnetization and Binder cumulant at the critical point,and thus obtain estimates of the dynamic expontent z and magnetic exponent η,as well as the exponent θ.Our special attention is paid to the dynamic process for the q=8 Potts model.

以蒙特卡罗模拟方法对自对耦分布二维随机链q态Potts模型的短时临界行为进行了数值研究，利用初始非平衡演化阶段存在的普适幂指数和有限体积标度行为，数值模拟了在不同形式随机分布时q=3和q=8态Potts模型磁临界指数η和动力学临界指数z，计算结果发现η不依赖于自对偶无序分布的具体形式，从而以数值方法给出了一个关于淬火掺杂自旋系统的临界普适行为的验证。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐