非局部的

An adaptive grid scheme controlling cell area is used to generated grids in the divergent section of symmetric annular nozzle, and the generated grids are used in the flowfield calculation through the uncoupled way. The elliptic equations are used to generate grids in three dimensional regions of FDN divergent section, the source terms used in the equations employ a mathematical form which is independent of the boundary shape and of the boundary grid point distribution, the free parameters contained in the source terms are determined by the two restraint conditions, the intersection angle of transverse grid lines with boundaries and the local curvature of the transverse grid lines at the boundaries, and the interior grid distribution controlled directly by the grid point distribution assigned on the boundaries is realized, it makes the grid more clustering near the nozzle wall. For the generated grids in the whole computational regions have a good smoothness and orthogonality, the accuracy of calculation in the flowfield is ensured.

对轴对称的环形喷管采用控制网格面积的自适应网格方法对扩散段部分进行了网格生成，并通过非耦合方式应用于喷管的流场计算中；对强制偏流喷管扩散段内的三维区域采用椭圆型方程进行网格生成，方程中的源项采用了与边界形状和边界网格点分布无关的数学形式，源项内的自由参数由横向网格线与边界的交角及横向网格线在边界处的局部曲率两个约束条件来确定，实现了由边界上的网格分布直接控制内部的网格点，使壁面附近具有较密集的网格，并且在整个计算区域内的网格都具有良好的光滑性和正交性，从而保证了流场计算的准确性。

The results indicate that the thermal conductivity of Si3N4 thin film increases with the temperature;under high frequency stage the frequency has apparent effect on the thermal con...

测试结果表明：Si3N4薄膜的热导率随温度的升高而增大；高频段下，热导率受频率影响大，误差大；在低频段下薄膜热导率与频率变化基本无关；基于电子与声子的局部热平衡运输方程假设，S i3N4薄膜的热导率具有极度非平衡性；通过比较电阻、热导率与温度的关系可以看出加热器的尺寸大小会影响薄膜的热导率，最佳加热器的宽度选用20μm左右。

It is pointed out that,for overcoming time-delay infection of teleoperation of space robot and ensuring the stability and transparency of telerobot system in space,developing strategies should be that ①augmented reality technology with multi-apperception and robustness is adopted for configurative,certain and static environments;②the control technology of intelligent independence in slave local system with vision assistant is adopted for non-configurative, uncertain and dynamic environments;and ③intelligent control technology with multi-modes is adopted for multi-states environments.

指出就目前的技术发展水平而言，要能够有效地克服时延以确保空间机器人遥操作稳定性的同时系统具有良好的操作性能，应该采取的策略是：①在结构化的、确定性的和静态环境下，采用具有鲁棒性的多感知增强现实技术；②在非结构化的、不确定性的和动态环境下，采用视觉引导下的从端局部智能自主控制技术；③在多态环境下，采用多模式智能控制技术。

The ecological socialism and the enviromental economics has partly realize the relation between the institution and resources continuous utilization and resources continuous utilization.The thesis insists that the capitalism leads to the uncontinuous utilization of resources, but the continuous utilization of resources results from the socialist public ownership. Firstly, the common ownership of property right of resources is the base of resources continuous utilization. Because the property right of resources belongs to the society in socialism, the partial interest and integrate interest are untied, as well as the short-term interest and long-term interest, which decides that the socialist owner of resources can抰utilize resources for individual interests like capitalist ones.

本文认为资本主义制度必然导致自然资源非可持续利用，社会主义公有制条件下具有自然资源可持续利用优势：(1)社会主义自然资源产权共有是自然资源可持续利用的客观基础，在社会主义制度之下，由于自然资源产权归全社会所有，局部利益和整体利益是统一的，暂时利益和长远利益是统一的，这就决定了自然资源的所有者不会利用自然资源去谋求不义之利，去损害他人的利益，不会像资本主义制度下满足某部分人的私欲，对自然资源可以统筹利用。

Data from TM images from the years1986,1993, 2000 and 2006 around Shenfu coalmine area were used to exbract normalized difference vegetatio n index by the software ERDAS firstly, then using spatial modeler of ERDAS compute vegetation fr action and classify through unsuperˉ vised classification.Finally,we get vegetation fraction mapping of c oalmine within 1986～2006.It clearly inˉ dicate that the coalmine vegetation fraction increase in whole but d ecrease in some colemine district.

通过利用榆林市神府矿区1986、1993、2000、2006年四景同期TM影像数据，使用ERDAS软件首先提取植被指数，根据像元二分法利用ERDAS的建模工具Spatial Modeler计算出矿区的植被覆盖度，利用非监督分类方法对矿区的植被覆盖度进行分类、赋色，最后得出矿区1986～2006年的植被覆盖度分类图，定量的说明了矿区20 a年间的植被覆盖变化情况：植被覆盖度整体提高，在局部矿区则有所降低。

Cellulose acetate butyrate,which is widely applied as coatings additive, is synthesized in the heterogeneous system. The activation is required because of the strong hydrogen intramolecular and intermolecular bondings and the regulation of the crystalline region in cellulose microfibrils.

中文摘要纤维素醋酸丁酸酯（Cellulose acetate butyrate是一种广泛应用于涂料工业的添加剂，由于纤维素具有分子内与分子间强氢键作用以及纤维素纤维的局部规整的结晶序列等特征，一般纤维素在酯化反应前都需要进行预活化处理，工业上纤维素醋酸丁酸酯的合成方法一般都在非均相体系中进行的。

Using high frequency induction brazing and TiZrNiCu filler metal, the shear strengths of the joints were low. The maximum shear strengh was only 102.1MPa, which was lower than the maximum strength of vacuum brazing. The reasons may be that excessive intermetallics, holes and oxidation existed in the joint. So TiZrNiCu filler metal isn't fit for non-vacuum brazing.The stress variation, stress distribution and crack-sensitive regions during the cooling process of brazing have been studied by Marc non-linear software.

采用气体保护高频感应加热、TiZrNiCu钎料钎焊时，接头的强度普遍偏低，最高的剪切强度只有102.1MPa，远远低于辐射加热真空钎焊的强度，其原因是接头中局部生成了过量的金属间化合物，且产生氧化，接头中含有较多的气孔等影响了接头强度，因此可以认为TiZrNiCu钎料不适合在非真空条件下的钎焊。

Those novel methods include the determination of damage tolerance ,interface bonding strength,the elastic modulus and bending strength of coatings,nondestructively measuring the local strength of glass,depth-sensing indentation method,and prediction of properties via the residual trail.

介绍了陶瓷、玻璃等脆性材料力学性能评价的一些非常规技术，包括：脆性材料的损伤容限、层状材料和镀膜材料的力学性能和界面强度测试、材料表面局部强度的非破坏性测试，弹性模量和能量耗散能力的估评、残余痕迹预测材料性能等。

A novel method used for segmentation of nucleus is proposed: filter the origin image with the median filter in both horizontal and vertical direction, which has a fairly wide window size, in order to reduce the infection of the noise and impurity; in both direction, use the threshold combined with the technology of finding the peak in local area to detect the real nucleus edge, and thus minimize the non-nucleus edge; also in both direction, let the border growing respectively using the type information; thereafter, weed the short border and link the border together to segment the nucleus, exploiting the convex character and border type.

提出一种新的细胞核分割方法：对图像使用水平和竖直方向的中值滤波，使用较大的尺度，尽量的消除杂质、噪声影响；在两个方向分别使用采用阈值限制以及局部最大值的方法检验边界，使非细胞核边界被剔除；在两个方向分别利用边界点的类型进行边界生长；边界生长完毕以后，剔除短边界，用两个方向获得的边界进行连接，充分利用其凸凹性和边界类型，完成分割。

Holocene"periglacial phenomena"were found at many places continuously. However, by comprehensive study, this thesis believes that these"periglacial phenomena"are almost the results of seasonal freeze-and-thaw action, not the strict periglacial phenomena. Only in some high mountain areas and northeastern zigzag zone of farming and animal husbandry, there were periglacial phenomena developing conditions in the cold stage of the Holocene.

我国北方农牧交错带全新世的&冰缘现象&不断有所发现，但本文经过综合研究后认为，这些&冰缘现象&绝大部分都是季节性寒冻作用的产物，而非严格意义上的冰缘现象，只有局部中高山地区和北方农牧交错带东北部现代气温在0℃以下的地区，全新世低温期才具备发育冰缘现象的条件。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。