静载荷

A new infinite gas-lubiicated journal bearing with active controlled restrictor is proposed in order to remedy the defects of several existing infinite stiffness at abroad in construction, manufacture and adjusting, which combining surface-restriction with active controlled restriction, make the static and dynamic effect both better.

针对目前国外几种无穷静刚度气体润滑轴承结构复杂、制造难度大、调整困难的不足，本文提出了一种主动控制节流无穷静刚度气体润滑轴承，将表面节流与主动控制节流相结合，使轴承动、静压效果同时获得较好的发挥；利用浅腔及锯齿形多槽结构产生较强的楔形动压效应，提高轴承的静态和动态性能；利用主动控制节流器对轴承进行压力反馈主动控制，提高轴承的承载力、刚度，并在一定载荷范围内，使轴承刚度为无穷大。

The friction performances of carbon face were investigated with an inertia friction tester. The torque curve of carbon face was ideal, the coefficient of static friction was lower than that of dynamic in 0.28 MPa, the friction coefficient of static and dynamic decreased with the braking pressure increasing. To the fiber face, the coefficient of dynamic friction of carbon face was more stable in cycle braking process, the wear rate was lower, and it was efficient to protect the couple plate not to be worn.

结果表明：碳质层的摩擦力矩在制动初期上升较快，中间过渡区平稳，尾部翘起较小；在制动压力小于0.28 MPa时静摩擦系数小于动摩擦系数，且动、静摩擦系数均随制动压力增加而减小；相对纤维层而言，采用碳质层摩擦时摩擦力矩曲线形态更好，连续制动时摩擦系数波动较小，磨损率低且能够有效保护偶件，是1种静/动摩擦系数比较低且适用于高载荷工况条件下使用的摩擦材料。

The numerical results of static friction coefficient showed that it first increases and then decreases with the increase of load.

根据分形转变模型计算的静摩擦系数与载荷的规律是：随着载荷的增加，静摩擦系数先是增加，然后又减小。

Though it is a long history of the research on static friction, many problems, such as relationship between static friction and static contact time, the relationship between static friction and load, and the prediction of static friction coefficient have not yet fully studied.

虽然静摩擦的研究历史很悠久，但仍有一些问题没有解决，如静摩擦与静止接触时间的关系，静摩擦与载荷的关系，以及静摩擦系数的预测等问题。

The friction performances of carbon face were investigated with an inertia friction tester.The torque curve of carbon face was ideal,the coefficient of static friction was lower than that of dynamic in 0.28 MPa,the friction coefficient of static and dynamic decreased with the braking pressure increasing.To the fiber face,the coefficient of dynamic fric...

结果表明：碳质层的摩擦力矩在制动初期上升较快，中间过渡区平稳，尾部翘起较小；在制动压力小于0.28 MPa时静摩擦系数小于动摩擦系数，且动、静摩擦系数均随制动压力增加而减小；相对纤维层而言，采用碳质层摩擦时摩擦力矩曲线形态更好，连续制动时摩擦系数波动较小，磨损率低且能够有效保护偶件，是1种静/动摩擦系数比较低且适用于高载荷工况条件下使用的摩擦材料。

Took the different diameters double-row bearing slewing ring asexample, this dissertation studied the distribution of axial press ofthe rolling body under axial load and throw moment, the contact pressbetween two outer seat-rings which are connected to the main machinewith high strength screw bolts.

本文以双排异径球式回转支承为例，对球式回转支承在承受轴向载荷和倾翻力矩时的滚动体轴向正压力大小、分布及由高强度螺栓与主机连接的滚圈接触面的接触力进行了详细的理论推导和实际计算，说明在双排球式回转支承的结构静力分析过程中，可以将滚圈安装接触面的接触力简化为铅垂方向的均布载荷。

Three force equilibrium methods of static aeroelasticity are compared with.

介绍了惯性释放理论以及基于CFD/CSD耦合的静气动弹性计算方法，比较了静气动弹性计算中的三种系统载荷平衡方法。

Incurrent research, aiming at the rupture problem engendered in the shooting process of acertain 5.56mm automatic rifle, the strain and stress distributions on the cartridge caseunder the action of axial pull have been analyzed. Based on the theories of elastic-plasticmechanics and contact mechanics, a mathematic and physical model of the cartridge-caseand chamber system has been set up; and based on the platform of the general softwarepackage APDL of ANSYS for finite element analysis, a parameterized model of thecartridge-case and chamber system has also been established. The method for nonlinearFEA has been adopted to analyze the stress distribution on the entire cartridge-case andchamber system, and the method of contact element has been employed to investigate thecontact stress between the cartridge case and chamber, and then the influences of frictioncoefficient and locking space on the static and dynamic stress and strain response of thecartridge case and chamber to the action of power gas have also been discussed. On thebasis of a lot of numerical tests, a kind of element Plane13, which is concentrated incoupled computation of heat and construction, has been used finally to simulate thetransient response of the cartridge-case and chamber system to the power gas. Throughloading the temporary thermal characteristics of explosive gas in the procedure of emulate, the corresponding transient thermal stress distributed on the entire system under thecombined load of transient thermal stress and transient pressure has been obtained. Owingto these comprehensive considerations, the numerical results obtained in this paperrepresent the actual situations comparatively exactly.

本文针对某5.56mm自动步枪在工作中出现断壳的问题，分析了弹壳在轴向拉力作用下的应力应变；基于弹塑性力学及接触理论，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的数学、物理学模型，在通用有限元ANSYS软件的参数化建模工具APDL平台上，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的参数化模型；采用非线性有限元法计算了弹壳弹膛系统的整体应力，引入接触单元法分析弹壳和弹膛的接触压力，探讨了在不同的摩擦系数和不同的闭锁间隙对弹壳弹膛静、动态响应的影响；本文进行了大量的尝试，最后确定采用热、结构耦合单元Plane13，在计算中加载了火药气体的温度历程，成功的获得了弹壳弹膛系统在瞬态的热载荷和瞬态的压力载荷同时作用下弹壳弹膛系统的热应力数值解，考虑因素全面，比较真实的反映了弹壳弹膛系统在火药气体压力和热载荷下作用的情况。

Combining the lost buoyancy method with the added weight one, the calculating methods of curves of statical stability are presented when the damaged warships' metacentric height is negative. Direct calculation method is adopted to correct the effect of the free surface on curves of statical stability.

采用损失浮力法和增加载荷法相结合的方法给出了舰船破损后出现负初稳性时的静稳性曲线计算方法，自由液面对静稳性曲线的修正采用直接计算法。

The rotationally periodic analytical method is extended to the linear static stability analysis of rotationally periodic structure sustained the unsymmetrically loads (especially, the wind load or horizontally seismic load) and the relevant finite element formulations for the rotationally periodic analysis are deduced.

对旋转周期分析方法在结构静动力分析和稳定分析中的应用进行了系统而全面的总结和讨论，并将其进一步推广至承受非轴对称载荷（尤其是工程中常见的风载或水平地震载荷）的旋转周期结构的线弹性静力稳定分析中，导出了相应的旋转周期分析的有限元列式。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。