静脉造影

Puncture into Attain long sheath of CS through left infraclavicular vein, guided by CS pipe, take sheath into CS, make reverse contrast of heart vein with Attain saccule contrast pipe, put the left ventricle electric pole into the vein through sheath, then bring it into right ventricle apex and right cardiac ear through the electric pole of right ventricle and atrium, connect it with 3-cavity pulse generator, which is buried under left chest skin.

方法］经左锁骨下静脉穿刺送入Attain冠状静脉窦长鞘，在CS导管的导引下，将鞘送人CS，用Attain球囊造影导管进行心脏静脉逆行造影，将左心室电极经长鞘放入选择的静脉，送人右心室及右心房电极至右室心尖和右心耳。与三腔脉冲发生器连接，脉冲发生器埋藏于左上胸皮下。

Method］ Puncture into Attain long sheath of CS through left infraclavicular vein,guided by CS pipe,take sheath into CS,make reverse contrast of heart vein with Attain saccule contrast pipe,put the left ventricle electric pole into the vein through sheath,then bring it into right ventricle apex and right cardiac ear through the electric pole of right ventricle and atrium,connect it with 3-cavity pulse generator,which is buried under left chest skin.

双心室起搏治疗心力衰竭的临床观察"版权属于原作者所有！请勿将"双心室起搏治疗心力衰竭的临床观察用于商业用途！［目的］观察双心室起搏治疗心力衰竭临床疗效。［方法］经左锁骨下静脉穿刺送入Attain冠状静脉窦长鞘，在CS导管的导引下，将鞘送人CS，用Attain球囊造影导管进行心脏静脉逆行造影，将左心室电极经长鞘放入选择的静脉，送人右心室及右心房电极至右室心尖和右心耳。

And There was no serious complication;②In the course ofinterventional therapy, Direct portal vein angiography demonstrated vena coronaria ventriculi(100%)andgastricveins(65.26%)andvenagastricaposterior38.43%, Angiography demonstrated venacoronariaventriculi communicate esophagus varicose veins, gastric veins and vena gastrica posterior communicategastric varicose veins. vena coronaria ventriculi had only a small percentage of double vein, about30.57%. The sites of vena coronaria ventriculi arising from the portal vein, splenic vein, portosplenic junction, were found in 52.06%、27.39%、20.55% respectively.③12 extrahepaticprotosystemic shunts were found in these patients. Include gastro-nephrosshuntof 3 cases, 7 caseswere splenetic- nephros shunt and 2 cases shown recanalization of umbilical vein .④The averageportal pressure before and after the procedure were 3.87±1.82kPa and 3.64±1.14kPa in 73patients, but to the time of rebleeding, it was 3.96±0.23kPa in the 11 cases.⑤There werethree kinds of variceal outcome: disappearance (54,low degree (19).⑥Spearman logisticanalyse and ANOVAtest shown liver function class, variceal degree of the splenic necrosis area,the blood direction in portal vein before operation and remain small collateral routes were thesignificant factors concerning outcome of varices.⑦The bleeding volume and portalhypertensive gastropathy are main risk factors of rebleeding.⑧The course of livercirrhosis is the risk factor of survival and extrahepatic portosystemic shunt , fine varices are thebeneficial factors to survival.⑨During all cases'followed-up data, the 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 yearcumulative survival rates and rebleeding rates were 17.81%, 28.77%, 38.36%, 43.84%, 47.95%and93.15%,91.78%,86.30%,83.56%,80.82%respectively. Conclusion The interventional disconnection treatment for liver cirrhosis and portalhypertension was designed suitability. It rapidlycontrol bleeding,butpressure of portal vein was notobvious high, perfusion was not low .it was compared with surgery therapeutic that interventionaldisconnection treatment was safe and had a significant clinical effect to hemorrhage and preventfrom rebleeding.

结果：①术后一过性发热62例(84.9%)，腹痛腹胀48例(65.8%)是介入断流术常见的并发症，未发生严重并发症；②门静脉造影显示胃冠状静脉、胃短静脉和胃后静脉的曲张分流的出现率是100%、65.26%和38.34%；显示食管静脉曲张主要由胃冠状静脉供血，胃静脉曲张主要由胃短静脉和胃后静脉供血；胃冠状静脉大多数为单支，少数为双支，其双支的出现率分别为30.57%；胃冠状静脉开口于门静脉主干的为52.06%，开口于脾静脉主干的为27.39%和开口于门脾静脉交汇处的为20.55%；③发现胃肾分流3例，脾肾分流7例、腹膜后门腔静脉分流2例，以及CTA检查发现脐静脉开放者2例；④73例患者介入断流术前和术后平均自由门静脉压力分别为3.87±1.82kpa和3.64±1.14kpa，前后比较存在显著性差异；11例再次介入手术患者的术前、术后和复发后的自由门静脉压力分别为4.02±0.24kpa、3.82±0.25kpa和3.93±0.23kpa ，前后比较发现首次术前与术后存在显著性差异，首次术前和复发出血术前门静脉压力比较无显著性差异；⑤介入术后复查曲张静脉转归基本消失54例，轻度19例；⑥Spearman相关分析和Logistic多因素回归分析，肝功能分级、静脉曲张程度、门脉血流方向和残存小侧支四个因素对曲张静脉转归有影响；Spearman相关分析和Logistic多因素回归分析门脉高压性胃病和出血量等因素对复发出血时间有影响；⑦COX回归分析，门体分流和曲张静脉转归两个因素对术后生存有影响；⑧术后随访6-70月，1、2、3、4、5年的累计复发出血率和累计生存率分别为17.81%、28.77%、38.36%、43.84%、47.95%和93.15%、91.78%、86.30%、83.56%、80.82%；结论：介入断流术治疗门脉高压食管胃底静脉曲张有独特的优点，可以快速直接控制曲张静脉出血而门静脉压力无显著增高，保证了肝脏灌注；与外科分流术相比适应证广、损伤轻、术后恢复快，不易遗漏曲张静脉；肝功能分级、曲张静脉程度、门脉血流方向和残存侧支血管对食管胃曲张静脉转归有影响；门脉高压性胃病对复发出血时间有影响；门体分流和曲张静脉转归对生存时间有影响。

In Group A,one sample was found blood current tenuity at 14 days,one was occlusive in the femoral vein at 28 days ,the blood current ran into the vena cava posterior through the branch stem.The others were normal .And in Group B,there were one sample in each phase obliterative in the femoral vein because of relapse . For scanning electron microscopy result,Group A had a process which the injury of endothelial cells were from lower-grade to repair.

结果：1。影像学检查DSA下行血管造影见C、D两组术后第7天、14天和28天股静脉血流通畅，无明显充盈缺损或闭塞，A组第14天造影1只家兔股静脉血管纤细，血流尚通畅，第28天造影见1只家兔股静脉闭塞，血流从侧枝进入后腔静脉，其余时相股静脉血流通畅无明显异常；B组第7、14、28天造影各见1只家兔股静脉闭塞，其余未见明显异常。

DSA features included: dilatations of brain venule could be seen and the number of brain veins increased; the circulati...

其DSA影像学主要表现为：全脑小静脉扩张、迂曲、数目明显增多；全脑动静脉循环时间延长；丘纹静脉和大脑内静脉系统显影增粗、扩张，并发生深静脉滞流，呈现出"雪花样"表现；静脉窦内对比剂滞留、显影延迟或残缺不全。结论：DSA全脑血管造影是诊断脑静脉系统血栓的可靠方法。

Limb deep vein antegrade angiography accompanied with low vein antegrade angiography is the good way to observe some venous diseases.

肢体深静脉顺行造影结合浅静脉顺行造影可很好地观察一些静脉疾病。

Methods 36 limbs of recurrent LEVI in 35 cases were enrolled in this study , superficial femoral vein、perforating vein incompetence were all applied with B ultrasound examination and intravenous antegrade angiography of deep vein of inferior member before operation ,8 limbs in 7 cases among them were only operated on superficial vein and the main great saphenous vein was remained ; 28 cases in which main great saphenous vein was drawn out were divided into 2 groups, in group B , operation on superficial vein and external valvuloplasty of superficial femoral vein valve were applied ; in group C ,operation on superficial vein and external valvuloplasty of superficial femoral vein valve combined with subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgerywere applied.

35例36条肢体复发性LEVI，术前全部行股浅静脉、交通静脉B超及下肢深静脉顺行造影检查，其中7例8条肢体原大隐静脉主干未抽剥仅行浅静脉手术；28例大隐静脉主干已抽剥者随机分为B组和C组，各14例，B组行浅静脉手术+股浅静脉带戒术，C组行浅静脉手术+股浅静脉带戒术联合SEPS。

Methods Retrospectively analyze 93 case X-ray data of venography of the lower limbs.

回顾性分析93例下肢静脉造影的影像资料。

Currently, diagnosis is based on CT venography and MRI including MRA and conventional digital subtraction angiography.

近来，其诊断主要依靠CT的静脉造影术和MRI包括MRA技术，以及传统的DSA技术。

The complementarity of MR, sonography and venography is helpful in the diagnosis of BCS.

静脉造影与MR、多普勒超声相互补充有助于本病的正确诊断具备指导意义。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了