静脉血栓

Firstly, the establishment of model requires sophisticated neurointerventional techniques and costly interventional materials(sacculus, minikin circlip ring, endovascular electrocoagulation), it not only consumed time but also increased the resesrch expense ; Secondly, although the Massoud model is the first successful model that contain the nidus, but it is far from mimicking the high-flow fistulae frequently observed in a brain AVM; Thirdly, the rapid spontaneous thrombosis result in fistula occlusion in a short time;Fouthly, the model's natural course and the long–term patency of fistula are unclear;Currently the model is only used for the short-term research.

但Massoud模型目前存在以下主要缺点：第一，模型的建立需要复杂的神经介入技术和昂贵的介入材料(球囊、微弹簧圈、血管内电凝等)，操作费时，又大大增加了研究费用；第二，Massoud模型虽然首次具备了畸形血管团，但它远不是我们临床上常见的含有高流量动静脉瘘的脑AVM；第三，颈动静脉吻合口自发性血栓形成进而导致引流静脉闭塞的机率很高；第四，Massoud模型的长期自然过程和动静脉吻合口的长期通畅性尚不清楚，目前仅仅作为急性期模型。

MethodsThrombosis was induced photochemically in cremaster arteries by exposing the target vessels in SD rat to ultraviolet light.

方法采用成年SD大鼠提睾肌动脉为靶血管，用光化学法形成血栓，行葡激酶静脉溶栓，通过显微录像系统观测血栓溶解前后微循环的变化。

Infusion thrombophlebitis is a feasible condition to measure the antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory activities of a preparation.

输注性血栓性静脉炎是一可用于检测制剂抗血栓和抗炎作用的切实可行的病理状态。

Using the 125l-fibrinogen test to measure the development of the thrombus it was shown that the clinical symptoms of thrombophlebitis decreased when a regression of the thrombus was achieved.

研究显示，伴随着血栓的衰退，血栓性静脉炎的症状得到了缓解。

In the treatment of superficial venous disorders, e.g. varicophlebitis, venous congestion, infusion and injection thrombophlebitis

治疗浅表静脉疾病，如，曲张静脉炎，静脉栓塞，注射和输液引起的血栓性静脉炎

Phlebitis can last for years; in such cases, irritation of the vein's inner lining leads to blood-clot formation, a condition known as thrombophlebitis.

静脉炎能够持续数年，在这样的情况下，静脉内衬的刺激会导致血块形成，这种情形称为血栓性静脉炎。

In an open multicentre study 813 patients were treated with Hirudoid cream, who suffered from varicose syndrome (varicose veins, venous congestion, spider varicosities, follow-up of vein stripping, thrombophlebitis, infusion phlebitis), acute posttraumatic conditions (contusions, strains, haematomas) and scars (Eckenberger/van Aubel).

Eckenberger/van Aubel在一开放性研究中，用喜疗妥软膏治疗813位患者，他们分别患有肿胀综合症（静脉曲张、静脉充血、蜘蛛状静脉曲张、继发性静脉脱膜、血栓性静脉炎、输注性静脉炎）、急性外伤和疤痕。

Results:There were luminal dilations of the femoral vein(12.9±2.7mm vs 9.2±2.1mm,P＜0.001)and the popliteal vein(8.8±1,2mm vs 5.9±1.5mm,P＜0.001)in the acute stage of all cases compared to the healthy extremity.There were low echoes in the thrombosed segments by 2D and no blood flow signals by CDFI.

结果：19例急性血栓形成患者入院初诊患肢深静脉内径较健肢明显增宽，股静脉(12.9±2.7)mm vs (9.2±2.1)mm，P＜0.001；静脉(8.8±1.2)mm vs (5.9±1.5)mm，P＜0.001 ，管腔内呈低回声，CDFI未显示血流信号或有血流充盈缺损。

The particular arrangement of veins in the telencephalon permits them to flow in both directions via medullary veins, as seen with certain disorders, such as deep arteriovenous malformations, Sturge-Weber disease, and the developmental venous anomalies[60], possibly explaining the small diameter and unimportance of parenchymal lesions when such a vein is thrombosed.

这种特殊的解剖分布使得端脑内的静脉可以通过脑穿通髓静脉产生双向血流，这一点在脑深部动静脉畸形、Sturge-Weber病/斯特季-韦伯二氏病/脑眼颜面血管瘤病、脑静脉发育异常等疾病中都可观察到，同时也可以解释当这些静脉受累形成血栓时常产生较小的、甚至不容易被发现的病灶。

Patients could discharged 3~5 days later. Long-term complication included shin numbness or paraesthesia, thrombophlebitis, residual varicose, recanalization of GSV.

随访211例，随访率86.5%，随访6个月至52个月，中远期并发症包括1、皮肤感觉异常、针刺或麻木感：8.6%(24/278)；2、皮下硬结合并血栓性静脉炎：12.6%(35/278)：3、局部曲张静脉残留或复发：6.8%(19/278)；4、大隐静脉再通：6.1%(17/278)。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐