静脉窦

Methods 300 cases (560 ears)of temporal CT axial images which were divided into two groups were retrospectively analyzed by statistics methods. There were 158 cases(316 ears)in normal group and 142 cases(244 ears)in abnormal group .The incidence of high jugular bulb , dehiscent jugular bulb, anterior location of sigmoid sinus, large sinus tympani, aberrant internal carotid artery, dehiscent of the facial nerve canal, excess of Korner's septum and mastoid antrum dysplasia were recorded.

回顾性分析300例(560耳)颞骨的HRCT轴位像，根据诊断结果将其分为正常组与疾病组，正常组158例(316耳)，疾病组142例(244耳)，统计以下变异的发生率：①颈静脉球高位②颈静脉球裸露③乙状窦前置④鼓室窦深位⑤迷走颈内动脉⑥面神经管水平段裸露⑦岩鳞隔过长⑧鼓窦缺如，并对结果进行统计学分析。

Results: Lateral extradural approach could be used to expose the second and third branches of trigeminal nerve,trigeminal ganglion,posterior vertical segment of the intrapetrosal ICA,abducent nerve and horizontal segment of the intrapetrosal ICA;lateral intradural approach could be used to expose the lateral,anteroinferior and posterosuperior venous spaces,almost all the cranial nerves within the cavernous sinus and horizontal segments of the intracavernous ICA;superior approach could be used to expose the medial,lateral and posterosuperior venous spaces,medial side of the anterior genu,anterior vertical and clinoidal segments of the intracavernous ICA and the lateral side of the hypophysis.

结果：外侧硬膜外入路可用于显露三叉神经第2、3支，三叉神经节，海绵窦内颈内动脉后垂直段，外展神经及岩骨颈内动脉水平段；侧方硬膜下入路可用于显露海绵窦外侧及前下，后上静脉间隙，以及所有走行在海绵窦内的颅神经和海绵窦内颈内动脉水平段；上方入路可用于显露海绵窦内侧、外侧及后上间隙，海绵窦内ICA水平段、前膝、前垂直段及床突段的内侧面，以及垂体的外侧面。

Inferior petrosal sinus extends from the posterior part of the cavernous sinus and courses along the clivus laterally, in IPS sulcus. It usually leaves cranial cavity through the jugular foramen and eventually joins the jugular bulb or the internal jugular vein.

岩下窦起自海绵窦后端，走行在斜坡两侧的IPS沟内，通常经颈静脉孔出颅，最终汇入颈静脉球或颈内静脉，沿途接收多条静脉的注入，与颅神经Ⅵ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ、Ⅺ关系密切。

Results: Anterior to the coronal suture and posterior to the lambdoid suture were two segments of SSS void of bridging vein draining into. The number of bridging veins observed by microanatomy, DSA and CTV was 11.2, 8.9 and 7.0 respectively.

结果：上矢状窦前部和后部分别有一缺乏桥静脉注入段，显微解剖、DSA和CTV观察上矢状窦旁桥静脉的数量分别为11.2支、8.9支和7.0支，DSA和CTV观察发现桥静脉注入上矢状窦处常显示不清。

Results MRV display that the anterior part of Rolandic vein (n=1), Rolandic vein (n=2), the posterior part of Rolandic vein (n=3), straight sinus (n=1), straight sinus combining sinus confluens (n=1), and right sigmoid sinus (n=1) were occluded.

结果磁共振静脉成像成功的显示上矢状窦中后1/3Rolandic静脉前矢状窦栓塞1例，Rolandic静脉处栓塞3例，Rolandic静脉后1~2cm处栓塞2例，直窦栓塞1例，窦汇和直窦栓塞1例。

The anterior part of Rolandic vein (n=1), Rolandic vein (n=3), the posterior part of Rolandic vein (n=2), straight sinus (n=1), straight sinus and sinus confluens (n=1) were embolized. On MRI, gyrus swelling, brain swelling or slight ventriculomegaly, and cerebral hemorrhage (n=2), subdural hemorrhage(n=2) were observed.

Rolandic静脉处栓塞3例，Rolandic静脉后栓塞2例，直窦栓塞1例，直窦和窦汇栓塞1例，MRI显示有不同程度脑回肿胀、脑肿胀或轻度脑室扩大，伴脑出血2例，硬膜下出血2例。

To explore the microdissection of the cerebellopontine angle as well as to study the advantage and disadvantage of the retrosigmoid approach and the retrosigmoid suprameatal approach, the relationship among the facial nerves, inter-medium nerves, anterior inferior cerebellar artery and petrosal vein were studied, and two approaches particularly also were explored from fifteen dry skulls and ten wet skulls, along the approach of RSA and RSSMA.

本研究旨在了解桥小脑角的显微解剖；探讨枕下乙状窦后入路及乙状窦后-内耳道上入路的优缺点。本实验采用15例(30侧)干标本和10例(20侧)湿标本，按照枕下乙状窦后入路和乙状窦后-内耳道上入路的所涉及的解剖区域，解剖观测面神经、中间神经、小脑前下动脉及岩静脉等诸多结构，并对神经外科手术乙状窦后入路及乙状窦后。

An increase in the blood flow velocity of internal jugular vein,the abnormal acoustic frequency and its spectrum of TCD were signs indicated that the blood stream of CCF were drained by the superior and/or inferior petrous sinuses.TCD could detect the superficial sylvian vein where the blood flow velocity increased when the cortical veins were the main veins draining CCFs.

异常眼静脉搏动征，血流反向是诊断CCF眼上静脉引流的可靠指标；颈内静脉流速增高，声频及频谱异常是CCF血流经岩上窦、岩下窦引流的征象；当以皮层静脉引流为主时，颅内常可检出流速增高的侧裂静脉。

The results showed that the IR nerves were found in the ventricle, atrium,venous sinus and the aortic valve; besides, a lot of ganglions and single neurons were also observed in right atrium.

结果发现 SP- IR纤维分布于心室、心房、静脉窦、主动脉瓣处；右心房见散在阳性细胞及神经节。

Magnetic resonance imaging of thrombosed dural sinus［J］.

高勇安。脑静脉窦血栓CT征象的再认识［J］。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。