静脉的

Uterine obstruction of venous return can produce prearrest hypotension or shock and in the critically ill patient may precipitate arrest.1,2In cardiac arrest the compromise in venous return and cardiac output by the gravid uterus limits the effectiveness of chest compressions.

在怀孕20周以后，妊娠子宫挤压下腔静脉和主动脉，使静脉回流和心输出量受阻。子宫静脉回流受阻会导致停跳前高血压或休克，对病情危重的患者促进心跳停止[1，2]，同时，妊娠子宫还限制肺的舒张。

In order to summarize the experience in the treatment of ischemic necrosis of lower extremities resulted from thrombotic occluded angittis, 15 cases were reported, which were treated by primary arterization in situ of V. Saphena magna.

摘 要 总结治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎导致肢体严重缺血、坏死的经验。1995年1月～1997年1月，采用大隐静脉一期原位静脉动脉化加大隐静脉瓣膜破坏方法治疗15例(28条肢体)血栓闭塞性脉管炎所致肢体的缺血。

Results Tentorial bridging veins of the cerebellum had less interference with the keyhole approach. Galen vein and its tributary could be dissected in security. With this approach, the anatomic structures in the pineal region could be exposed and easy to enter the third ventricle. The operation area could be amplified upward and forward by splitting the tentorium.

结果 小脑天幕面桥静脉对幕下小脑上锁孔入路无影响；Galen静脉系统可被安全解剖；幕下小脑上锁孔手术能充分暴露松果体区的Galen静脉系统、松果体、四叠体等；可经帆间池进入第三脑室；天幕切开能增加向上向前的手术范围。

To observed the best ablation temperature of getting effectively electrical isolation, first, we selected three mongrel dogs, if transseptal catheterization was performed successfully, then the pulmonary vein ostia、superior vena cava ostia and inferior vena cava ostia were ablated with TTB-USA (predetermined temperature: 50℃、55℃、60℃ respectively, ablation time: 60 seconds).

为观察不同温度超声消融入心静脉口对电传导的影响，确定最佳的消融温度与消融时间。我们首先选用健康成年犬3只，如果房间隔穿刺成功，则行超声消融肺静脉口与上、下腔静脉口；如果不成功，则单纯消融上、下腔静脉口。

Orbital varices are characterized by proliferation of postcapillary venous elements and dilatation of one or more of the valveless orbital veins.

眼静脉曲张主要特点为一个或多个无瓣性的眼静脉扩张与毛细静脉增生，这些改变被认为继发于眶静脉壁的先天性薄弱。

Methods: Totally 2200 patients with varicose vein received surgical treatment in our hospital from July, 2000 to January, 2006. 1802 cases were treated by endovenous laser therapy combined with transilluminated powered phlebectomy.82 cases were treated with radiofrequency endoveous occlusion combined with TIPP,218 cases treated with limited invaginated vein stripping and foam sclerotherapy.

回顾性分析2200例下肢静脉曲张外科治疗的临床资料，其中1802例患者采用激光联合透光直视旋切术，82例患者采用射频联合透光直视旋切术，218例患者采用选择性内翻式大隐静脉剥脱联合硬化剂治疗或透光直视旋切术，其余98例患者分别采用激光、高位结扎、射频处理大隐静脉主干，辅以曲张静脉团的手术切除、激光、电凝、皮下连续缝扎或硬化剂注射方法治疗。

Methods: Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:① the control group(group C, n=8): received sternotomy only and no ischemia;② the ischemia/reperfusion group(group I/R, n=8): the left lungs of rabbits were rendered ischemia by ligating the left pulmonary hili for 60 minutes followed by 60 minutes reperfusion;③ the edaravone group(group E, n=8): the left lungs were rendered ischemia for 60 minutes followed by 60 minutes reperfusion, and 10 mg/kg edaravone was administered intravenously 5 minutes prior to ischemia. Blood MDA and SOD were measured. Protein concentrations, WBC count, and PMN percentage in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid were determined. Samples of left lung tissue were sent for determining the left lung dry-to-wet weight ratio and evaluating the pathologic changes.

采用兔肺原位热缺血再灌注损伤模型进行研究。24只大白兔随机分为三组：①对照组(C组， n=8)，开胸后不阻断肺门，静脉缓慢推注生理盐水5ml/kg；②缺血再灌注组(I/R组， n=8)，左肺接受60min的缺血，然后接受60min再灌注，于缺血前5min静脉缓慢推注生理盐水5ml/kg；③依达拉奉干预组(E组， n=8)，于缺血前5min静脉缓慢推注依达拉奉10mg/kg（5ml/kg），左肺接受60min的缺血，然后接受60min再灌注。120min实验结束时，留取各组动物血液标本，测定血浆丙二醛含量及超氧化物歧化酶活性；收集支气管肺泡灌洗液，检测支气管肺泡灌洗液中白细胞计数、中性粒细胞百分比及肺通透性指数；留取肺组织标本，测定肺组织湿、干重量，计算干／湿重比及行肺组织病理检查。

Methods The authors assigned tasks to 30 members of the intravenous therapy team rationally, and by using the self-made table special inspection index of intravenous infusion, carried out a special investigation of the whole process of intravenous infusion in 25 clinical departments in our hospital and made a comprehensive analysis of the results.

将30名静脉输液治疗小组成员进行合理分工，运用自制的《静脉输液专项检查索引》表，对我院25个临床科室的静脉输液全过程进行专项调查，将调查结果进行综合分析。

A minimum of 2 large-caliber intravenous catheters should be established. Establishment of upper extremity peripheral IV access is preferred.

可以采用最小2号静脉导管行静脉置管术，插管的部位首选上肢的外周静脉。

In Group I, catheter was placed into central vein. PCIA solution contained 0.025% morphine. PCIA was commenced with a loading dose (2-5 mg) of morphine. The PCIA pump was set up with a background infusion of 2 ml/h, 1 ml bolus dose and a 15-minute lockout interval. In Group II, four intercostal nervers were freezed (-70 degrees Celsius) for 90 seconds. Pain intensity was measured at differnt time ［1, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hour after operation］ using VAS scoring.

选择80例接受开胸手术的病人，随机分为静脉镇痛组和神经冷冻组，静脉镇痛组行术后病人自控静脉镇痛，后者采用北京库蓝公司JT-1型冷冻治疗仪在关胸前对切口所在肋间及上、下各一肋间和放置胸引瓶所在肋间的肋间神经进行冷冻，以VAS评分判断两组术后胸部切口疼痛情况，并记录不良反应。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。