青贮

Third, because ensiling facilities are single , it is unreasonable to choose, the ensilage is managed improperly, cause ensilage quality to be bad, the proportion of taking the total ensilage of fine ensilage is small.

第三，由于青贮设施单一，选择不合理，青贮饲料管理不善，导致青贮饲料品质差，优良青贮饲料占总青贮饲料的比例小。

The research results showed that:①Ensilage the native grass when its moisture content was from 65%～70%, density was in the range of 350 ~ 400 kg/m3, the silage grass not only has better sensory quality, better fermentation, higher silage success ratio and better stability, but also can preserve the nutritional ingredients effectively and make the silage grass has higher feeding value.

研究结果表明：①天然牧草在含水量在65%～70%、密度在350～400kg/m3范围内青贮，青贮料的感官品质、发酵品质较好，贮成率显著高于其它处理条件，并且可有效地保存青贮料中的营养成份，牧草青贮料的稳定性也较好，综合评定饲用价值较高。

Ensiling raw materials of rational utilization, improved ensilage fine quality and proper cultivated area that increased the raw materials of fine ensiling ,etc., all main influence has arisen in the production to the ensilage , elm because forest production , city of ensilage is affect by region, ensilage production status demonstrates one's own characteristic.

合理利用青贮原料、提高青贮饲料优良品质以及适当增加优良青贮原料的种植面积等都对青贮饲料的生产起主要的影响，榆林市青贮饲料的生产由于受地域的影响，青贮饲料生产现状表现出自身特点。

Finally, the pH value, lactic acid, water soluble carbohydrate, ammonia nitrogen and cellulose contents were determined for WH silage prepared under the suitable adding doses of lactobacillus and cellulase at day 1, 3, 5, 15, 25, 35 after ensilaging. The pH value decreased from 5.5 before ensiling to 4.3 on the 35th ensiling day, whereas the reverse change tendence was observed for lactic acid content. The cellulose content of silage was lower from 26.5%DM in raw material to 22.3%DM.

结果表明：pH值由青贮前的5.5至青贮第35天时降至稳定的状态，而乳酸含量的变化趋势相反；凤眼莲茎叶纤维素含量从未青贮前的26.5%干物质，至青贮第35天降至22.3%干物质，降低了约4个百分点；青贮料中可溶性碳水化合物的含量随青贮时间的延长而逐渐下降，但是在第5天到第15天的时间段里，可溶性碳水化合物的含量无显著性下降；氨态氮占总氮的比例从青贮第1天的4.61%显著上升至第5天的8.25%，而从第5天开始到第35天，氨态氮占总氮的比例上升的幅度较小。

In order to study the effect of high density ensilaging techniques on the fermentation quality of the silage, eight combination (alfalfa、smooth bromegrass、alfalfa + smooth bromegrass、alfalfa +corn flour、alfalfa + smooth bromegrass+ corn flour、smooth bromegrass + corn flour +urea、cornstalk and cornstalk + corn flour +urea) were used in this experiment.

为研究高密度青贮技术对青贮发酵品质的影响，本试验分别选用3种不同牧草、3种不同牧草与精料配合(苜蓿、无芒雀麦、苜蓿+无芒雀麦、苜蓿+玉米面、苜蓿+无芒雀麦+玉米面、无芒雀麦+玉米面+尿素、青贮玉米、青贮玉米+玉米面+尿素)，在3种不同工艺——高密度青贮、常规青贮、高密度压块青干下对高密度青贮与常规青贮的发酵品质及青贮前后营养物质的变化及高密度青贮与高密度青干块营养物质的变化进行比较研究。

Firstly, the dissertation chose the species of additives and decided the concentrations of addition. Then experiments had been carried out by using corn stover ensiled with those additives under ideal ensiling condition. After each storage and fermentation period, silage was removed from silo tin and analyzed for DM, pH, DM digestibility, NDF digestibility, organic acid composition and content, DM Recovery, silage composition, ammonia-N-to-total-N ratios of silage. Those results had been used to evaluate the effects of those additives on corn stover silage.

课题首先根据查阅的大量文献资料，确定要研究的添加剂种类和添加剂量，然后在玉米秸秆原料中添加所选的添加剂，在适宜的青贮条件下进行青贮饲料的调制试验，将经过一定发酵时间的青贮饲料开封后，通过测定玉米秸秆青贮饲料的干物率、pH值、有机酸含量及组成、干物质消失率、NDF瘤胃降解率、干物质回收率、青贮化学成分、氨态氮占总氮的比例等指标，这些测定分析结果用来确定不同添加剂对玉米秸秆青贮饲料质量的影响。

All additions rapidly decreased silage pH under different DM contents of M.sativa.M.sativa(DM 38.45%) ensiled with lactic acid bacteria+cellulase gave the best results: ammonia nitrogen content was reduced,and most CP was conserved and most lactic acid produced.

结果表明，不同干物质含量的苜蓿青贮时，乳酸菌+纤维素酶的添加均能使青贮pH值快速下降；苜蓿半干青贮(干物质含量为38.45%)可使青贮氨态氮含量显著降低，并保存有较多的粗蛋白质，生成较多乳酸，其中以添加乳酸菌106 cfu/g+纤维素酶0.05 g/kg的青贮效果最好，其青贮综合评定得分最高，达93分。

Based on the first year's silage effect, half-hay+BM+PFJ was used with second year's xinmu No.1. It was compared and analyzed to the silage results and nutrient variety of xinmu No.1 in different stubbles and under different treating condition.

比较分析了新牧一号苜蓿不同年份与茬次营养变化和不同处理条件下苜蓿青贮效果。3根据前期各种青贮试验结果，2004 年用第二年生新牧一号苜蓿的第1 茬为试验材料，采用半干发酵、半干+PFJ 和半干+BM+PFJ 青贮处理方法，分别制作了600kg 的小型青贮，并用小型苜蓿青贮料作了不同处理的适口性试验。

Pseudoacacia and Caragana were significantly (P.05) better than A. fruticosa in pH, lactate content and ammonia-N/total-N ratio, so that their fermentation quality was better. In addition, they were high in crude protein and low in neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, showing that they were abundant in nutritive components. A. fruticosa was the inferior silage in every evaluation in the experiment. The mixed silage of R. pseudoacacia and Caragana was the best, and the mixed silage with A. fruticosa was not recommendable. There were no obvious changes in the time before and after silaging in nutritive value of these three kinds of plants, it showed that the silage technology was good.

结果表明：刺槐、柠条青贮伺料在pH值、乳酸含量、氨态氮／总氮比值方面均显著地(P.05)好于紫穗槐处理，发酵品质良好，且粗蛋白含量高，中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量低，营养价值高；而紫穗槐青贮品质在各项评定中均较差；在混合青贮中刺槐和柠条青贮混合品质最佳，与紫穗槐混合的两种混合饲料品质较差；刺槐、柠条、紫穗槐在青贮前后营养品质均无明显降低，青贮饲料品质等级均为良好，青贮效果较优。

The effect of silaged corn straw treated with inoculants by lactic acid bacteria and cellulase on animal performance was studied. The sheep were fed with silaged corn straw for 45 days. The gain of animal increased 4.2% compared to control fed the silage without treated with additives.

将研制的青贮剂应用于玉米秸秆的青贮大池发酵，所得青贮饲料饲喂小尾寒羊40天，发现实验组比对照组增重4.2%，表明以乳酸菌和纤维素酶作为青贮剂，应用于玉米秸秆的青贮发酵，对于提高秸秆的利用率，促进动物生长有积极作用。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。