需求

The paper argues that Marx is not a technological determinist from two perspective: first, Marx maintains that it was the growing market demands, not the technological factor that determined the rise and development of capitalism in the Western Europe. He also argues that technology itself was determined by societal demands.

本文从两个方面论证马克思不是技术决定论者：第一，马克思认为，资本主义的兴起和fazhan发展，根本性的决定因素是市场需求，而不是技术；技术本身也是由市场需求决定的。

Secondly, a joint pricing and capacity allocation model is formulated considering bulk demand. Chance constrained programming is used to transform the stochastic model. Numerical examples show our model and method is more near the simulation results than the deterministic programming and bigger learning coefficient leads to higher profit contribution.

接着，建立了考虑批量需求的BTO模式下制造企业定价与能力分配的集成模型，利用机会约束规划方法对此随机模型进行转化和求解，算例仿真表明机会约束规划方法较确定性规划方法更好地反映了随机连续需求的分布和波动特征，其期望利润贡献与仿真结果更接近；学习效率越大，最优价格越低，接受订单数量越多，期望利润贡献越高。

According to the demand of high magnetic field power supply, reference is increased with a set ramp rate and stops at a set stable value, so reference system is composed of digital setting and digit to analog converting circuit. But the stability of reference is mostly guaranteed by the performance of D/A circuit, so D/A circuit is particularly studied in reference system. The scheme of D/A circuit, the selection of DAC and its voltage reference, hardware anti-jamming design and PCB design are discussed in detail, and software of remote control and PLC are discussed in brief. Zero-flux DC current transformer well satisfies the demands of the high stability of Load current detection unit, so the principle of zero-flux DC current transformer is analyzed; in the mean time a project which detects the long term stability is designed. During 8 hours, analog signal which is detected with high precision digit multimeter is recorded in computer at 1HZ frequency by GPIB communication. The drift error source and related parameters are explained in the compare-amplify part. Detailed subtraction circuit is designed; also amplifier chip and periphery components are selected and verified according to the theory of error analysis.

根据强磁场电源的需求，参考源应按照软件设定的斜率逐渐上升到设定稳态值，则参考源系统应由数字给定和数模转换电路两大部分组成，而参考源的稳定度主要依靠完成数模转换功能的模拟电路的性能来保证，因此本文对参考源系统的研究以数模转换电路为重点，分别从电路方案的确定、数模转换芯片及其基准电压源的选取和验证、电路板硬件抗干扰和PCB设计几方面进行了论述，然后对数字给定部分的远控组态和PLC程序设计作了简要介绍；采用零磁通原理的直流电流转换器很好地满足了对负载电流检测单元高稳定度的需求，本文详细分析了零磁通检测的原理，并在选定此种类型电流转换器的基础上设计了一套检测长期稳定度的方案，8小时内以1秒为采样周期，通过计算机Labview程序和高精度数字电压表的GPIB通讯，将被高精度数字电压表数字化后的模拟信号采样值连续记录至计算机中；比较放大环节简要阐述了漂移产生的原因和相关参数指标，确定了具体的减法电路形式，并根据误差分析理论对运算放大器和外围元器件进行了选取和验证。

With development of economy in our country, demand for resources in especial for altogether coal have increasingly augmented according to the booming market. Though mechanization in the coal industry had been surprisingly progressed by the least 50 years, the technology of blasting engineering has been importantly seized on exploiting coal yet, especially, aiming at statue quo of disbalance development in technology and science.

随着我国经济的快速发展，市场对能源的需求尤其是对煤炭的需求大幅度提高，虽然煤炭生产综合机械化水平不断的提高，但是采用爆破技术采煤仍然占有一席之地，尤其针对我国目前技术水平发展不平衡的现状，对于赋存大量倾斜煤层和复杂煤层环境条件，开展爆破开采技术优化的研究是必要的也是急需的。

And this paper built a simulation model of distribution system with discrete requirement through computer simulation software.

通过计算机仿真，文章对离散需求的分销系统进行了模拟，并将结果与凸规划模型进行了比较，结果证明，凸规划模型在离散需求情况下也是基本适用的。

The key reason lies in the disjointedness between intellectual products and market demands.

造成低转化率的原因是多方面的，但关键在于技术与市场需求的相对脱节，科技人员缺乏对市场主动和充分的了解，和以市场需求为导向进行技术的开发、转让、应用的观念与思路。

The paper analyze it from these aspects: Firstly, in the communism, when the survival necessity and feast necessity are satisfied enough, the self-fulfillment necessity will become the most important necessity in people's life. The freedom labour is in the course of self-fulfilling. Secondly, the"truth""good"are united in the labour , which make it possess the nature of beauty. Thirdly, in the game, people disremember the outside bondage and enjoy the happiness and freedom. Compared with the game, the freedom labour has many same characters and is more fascinating. Finally, the labour and the people's development have many affinities: In primeval, the autonomic labour was corresponded with the people's"primordial enrichment". In private owned society, alienation labour was corresponed with the people's macrocephalic development. In the communism, the freedom labour will corresponded with the all-powerful development. The development of human history incline to the trend that history makes everyone develop all-powerfully, the freedom labor will be the final choice.

真正自由劳动所具有的特质，将使其成为人们生活的第一需要：(1)从需求的层次性看，在未来社会，当生存的需要和享受的需要得到满足之后，自我实现的需要将成为人们生活中最重要的需求，而真正自由的劳动就是自我实现的过程；(2)真正自由的劳动在于真、善在劳动中的统一，使得劳动具有美的性质；(3)在游戏中，人们忘却了外在的束缚，得到快乐和自由的体验；较之游戏，真正自由劳动具有诸多相同的性质，将更加引人入胜；(4)劳动和人的发展有着密切的关系：原始时代的自主劳动对应着人的发展的"原始的丰富"；私有制时期，劳动的异化对应着人的发展的畸形、片面；到了共产主义社会，自由劳动将对应着人的自由全面发展。

At different points in this chapter we have made the classical theory to depend in succession on the assumption:(1)that the real wage is equal to the marginal disutility of the existing employment;(2)that there is no such thing as involuntary unemployment in the strict sense;(3)that supply creates its own demand in the sense that the aggregate demand price is equal to the aggregate supply price for all levels of output and employment.

高译：在本章以上的各个地方，我们指出：古典学派的理论依次取决于下列假设条件：(1)实际工资等于现行的就业量的边际负效用；(2)严格意义上的非自愿失业并不存在；(3)供给创造自己的需求，其意义为：在产量和就业的任何水平，总需求的价格都等于总供给价格。

According to the demand information divulgence in supply chain ordering process, by comparing the supplier's profits between divulging the incumbent's demand information and not divulging the incumbent' demand information, the mechanism of the information divulgence has been analyzed.

针对供应链订货过程中的需求信息泄露现象，通过对比供应商在泄露信息和不泄露信息情况下的收益，研究了供应链需求信息泄露的产生机理。

According to requirements analysis, customer requirements, I have devised the eight modules : an earlier management, receiving management, and referrals to report management, reporting, Conference management, the handling things, document management and system maintenance to achieve the office user needs.

根据需求分析，客户的要求，我设计了八大模块：发文管理、收文管理、请示报告管理、工作汇报、会议管理、事物督办、文档管理和系统维护来实现用户的办公需求。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。