零售商

It was shown that when the manufacturer considers retailer effort in establishing a quantity discount policy and it pre-commits its wholesale prices to a set of heterogeneous retailers, an optimum solution can be determined under concave profit function conditions.

结果表明，当制造商考虑零售商的努力，想建立一个数量折扣政策，和预先承诺一组不同零售商的批发价格时，在具凹性的利润函数条件下，能产生一个最佳的解决方案。

To shake off the control of chain retailers, or to increase some counter weight with the chain retailers in the negotiations, home appliances manufacturers are self-building the channel to breakthrough.

为摆脱连锁零售商的控制，抑或增加些许与连锁零售商谈判时的抗衡砝码，家电厂商各朝自建渠道的方向发展突围。

We find that providing Internet direct channel does not necessarily lead to lower expected payoff for Internet retailer, it depends on the effect of drop-shipping channel free ride on Internet direct channel. When the effect is good, the retailer can achieve higher payoff. Of course, the supplier always achieves higher payoff by providing Internet direct channel.

5在渠道之间存在免费搭乘现象的情况下，建立了drop-shipping渠道和网络直销渠道之间的竞争模型，指出供应商提供网络直销渠道后，并不一定就导致零售商利润的下降，这依赖于drop-shipping渠道免费搭乘网络直销渠道的效果，当效果高于一定水平时，零售商的利润增加。

When free riding exists between channels, the competition between Internet direct channel and drop-shipping channel is studied. We find that providing Internet direct channel does not necessarily lead to lower expected payoff for Internet retailer, it depends on the effect of drop-shipping channel free ride on Internet direct channel. When the effect is good, the retailer can achieve higher payoff.

5在渠道之间存在免费搭乘现象的情况下，建立了drop-shipping渠道和网络直销渠道之间的竞争模型，指出供应商提供网络直销渠道后，并不一定就导致零售商利润的下降，这依赖于drop-shipping渠道免费搭乘网络直销渠道的效果，当效果高于一定水平时，零售商的利润增加。

But that hasn't soothed the ire of retailers, who contend that fees continue to rise.

但这还没有平缓零售商的愤怒，零售商声称费用持续上涨。

However, the strategy of private brand in China is still in juvenility stage and meets many problems. There is not a powerful private brand with social influence.

但是，目前国内零售商的自有品牌战略还很不成熟，处于初级阶段，碰到了很多难点，真正具有强大社会影响力的零售商自有品牌还没有出现。

Tony Gao, who teaches marketing at Northeastern University's business college, says that some retailers never gave up on layaway, although the payment format "is not suited to all retailers, and not all consumers will benefit from it".

在美国东北大学商学院教授市场营销的高涛表示，一些零售商从未放弃过分期预付，尽管这种支付形式"并不适用于所有零售商，也并不是所有的消费者都能从中受益"。

This may be a loaded question since you're a retailer yourself, but what do you think about one retailer having so much influence on the marketplace (to the point where Footlocker now plays a major role in determining the styles and colorways that many manufacturers produce)?

可能对于一个零售商来说，这个问题是多余的；但是面对这么一个对市场有巨大影响力的零售商（如今的Footlocker甚至可以决定生产商的风格和配色），你又怎么看？

In a two-echelon newsvendor problem, how to incentive the information holder-the retailer to tell the true demand information is provided in discrete and continuous market state. And the optimal cooperation mechanism of supply chain is put forward. Finally, two examples are illustrated.

针对由一个制造商和一个零售商组成二级报童问题，分别从离散需求模式和连续需求模式给出了激励零售商诚实申报需求信息的条件，提出了实现供应链联合最优的激励机制，并用2个实例对合作机制设计进行了说明。

To deal with this problem, the game between manufacturer and retailer was studied from the point of principal agency theory.

一个制造商和一个零售商组成的逆向供应链中，产品的回收量依赖于零售商的回收努力。

This paper discusses design and realizable methods of remote test output interface from logical design angle.

本文从逻辑设计的角度讨论遥测输出接口的设计及实现方法。

This also 星体投射plies to buildings, structures and geological features.

这也适用于建筑物和地质特征。