零一分布

The measurement system error model analysis is introduced into power system real time network state analysis as an important part for the first time, which can improve on the state estimation quality and provide the capability to monitor the operation of the measurement system; 2. The theory and algorithm of the on-line estimation and update of measurement noise variance based on the relation between the residual variance and noise variance. The statistic properties of the sample variance are discussed and the relation between the estimation precision and sample size under given confidence level is derived; 3. The theory and algorithm of detection and identification of measurement bias are presented, which is based on the relation between residual mean and noise mean. The statistic properties of sample mean are discussed and the relation between estimation precision and sample size is derived; 4. The Givens orthogonal transformation algorithm is selected to be the essential algorithm of state estimation, the fast orthogonal transformation algorithm with damp factor and the algorithm which can handle the zero injection measurements efficiently are presented; 5. The quantity analysis theory of bad data detectivity and identifibility are presented, which describes the relation between the elements in matrix W〓 and bad data amplitude and can provide the theory base for measurement system design and valuation.

一、首次将量测系统误差模型分析做为一个环节引入电力系统实时网络状态分析中，为EMS系统增加了实时监视系统运行、修正量测系统误差模型的新功能，进一步发挥了实时网络状态分析应用软件的潜力；二、首次提出了应用样本方差在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的基本理论，讨论了样本方差的统计性质和概率分布，推导出了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的关系，给出了在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的算法；三、首次提出了应用样本均值在线检测与辨识量测偏差的基本理论，讨论了样本均值的统计性质，推导了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的基本关系，给出了在线检测与辨识量测偏差的算法；四、在状态估计算法设计中，以Givens变换算法做为基本算法，提出了快速正交变换阻尼因子法和可以有效地处理零注入量测的混合法，并对实时应用中的一些问题进行了讨论；五、提出了不良数据可检测性与可辨识性的定量分析理论，揭示了描述量测系统配置、网络结构与参数的残差灵敏度矩阵中的元素与不良数据的幅值在可检测、可辨识能力上的定量关系，为量测系统配置设计与评价提供了理论基础；六、综合国内外最新研究成果，采用自适应自回归预测技术和稀疏矢量技术，构造了较完善的不良数据检测与辨识算法。

Fused current method is adopted in the device for fault feeder detection. This method uses vector sum of compensated current and zero-sequence current and selects fault line according to different distribution of the sum.

该装置采用了一种新的接地选线的算法－电流融合算法，该算法将补偿电流与故障零序电流矢量求和，根据故障与非故障线路矢量和分布在不同区间作为选线判据。

According to upward developing law,the paper establishes a normal distribution curve towards increasing trend integrated with characteristics of vocational education;it acts as an approach in two-year higher vocational education system.Through resolving and integrating,the training aim up to the practical needs transfers to a simplistic ability index and increasing values of ability in each period.Designing a training-project of men for profession based on the curve may lead the training aim to obtain emplo...

结合职业教育特点按生长规律建立一条正态分布增趋势曲线，作为二年制高等职业教育的人才培养途径，把符合实际需要的培养目标，经分解整合形成具有象征意义的能力指数，并转换成各时期的能力提高值，依此来设计较为详尽的人才培养方案，会使目标沿正确的途径自然融入就业岗位，实现&零&距离就业。

The heat transfer problem in a belieal tube wall is solved using the pertubationmethod. The zeroth-,the first-and the second-order analytic solutions are obtained of temperaturedistribution inside the wall and the heat resistance is calculated.

采用正则摄动法求解了螺旋管壁热传导问题，获得了管壁温度分布的零阶、一阶和二阶的分析解表达式，计算了热阻。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。