集合的并

We introduce the general sigma point selection framework, and give two kinds of efficient methods: a reducing the computing complexity by decreasing the number of the sigma point; b scaling the sigma points to influence the effects of the higher order moments, then improve the accuracy of the UT; c Convergence analysis of the UKF, when used as an observer for nonlinear deterministic discrete-time system, is presented. Based on the UKF that captures the posterior mean and covariance accurately to the second or third order term (in terms of Taylor series expansion) for any form of nonlinearity, sufficient conditions to ensure local asymptotic convergence are established.

论文介绍了sigma点的一般选取规则，并给出了两种有效的方法：a通过减少sigma点集合的元素的数目来减少计算复杂度，b通过增加参数来逼近泰勒展开的高阶项，从而提高UT变换的精度；c论文研究了UKF算法应用于非线性确定性离散时间系统时的收敛性问题。

It is also pointed out that the fuzzy controller implemented through this way can approximate any continuous real function.

摘要基于对模糊集基本特性的分析，提出了一种模糊集合的距离度量方法，与传统方法不同的是它不但与模糊集的质心有关，而且与模糊集的基数有关；其次讨论了如何基于这种距离的定义来实现模糊控制，并指出基于这种方法实现的模糊控制器可以逼近任意连续函数。

Three ways were first put forward to describe QoS preference information based on the theory of multiple-attribute decision,which were orders vector,AHP matrix and language valuation collection,and the concrete methods of conversion and computation were given out.

基于多属性决策理论，首先提出了QoS偏好信息的三种描述方式：序关系向量、AHP矩阵和语言评价集合，并给出了相应的转化和计算方法。随后，把QoS偏好的处理策略应用于服务选择，提出一个相对最优服务的确定方法，该方法可以反映用户的QoS偏好，满足用户按需服务的需求。

Secondly, based on the theory of stability, the author proposes a new concept concerning the failure criteria as a solution to eliminate these inconveniences whereby the definitions of failure criteria of the infinitesimal volume element of material, the cross section of member, the single member and the aggregate of members are given. Finally, the parameters to represent the degree of failure of the objects and the subspace generated by the failure modes are discussed.

然后笔者在稳定性的意义上提出了一个新的破坏准则的概念，并在此基础上分别给出了针对材料微元、构件截面、单个构件和构件集合的"破坏"的定义，接着进一步定义和讨论了研究对象的"破坏程度参数"和"破坏模式子空间"。

This paper is focus on small set character recognition. Based on skeleton graphics, handwriting Chinese character is defined as a set of isolated branch, isolated loop and component.

本文针对小类别数手写汉字，在骨架图形的基础上，把手写汉字看作孤枝、孤环和部件的集合，并定义三者之间的方位关系，从而建立手写汉字的数学模型。

Chapter 4,based on strong efficiency rather than efficiency or weak effi-ciency,discusses the similar problem to chapter 3.The concepts of strongsupremum and strong infimum for the set in finite-dimensionalEuclidean space are given,s-conjugate functions and s-subdifferentials theory is developed,by means of which,the duality problem ofmulitobjectivre programming for strong efficient solutions or called absoluteoptimal solutions is analysed,and a new duality theory-s-conjugateduality theory is proposed.

第四章，基于强有效性而不是有效性和弱有效性，给出了类似于第三章的结果，提出了有限维欧氏空间中集合的强上、下确界等概念，研究了点集映象的强共轭函数和强次微分问题，建立了点集映象的s-共轭函数及其s-次微分理论，并借助于这一理论，讨论了多目标规划关于绝对最优解或称强有效解的对偶性问题，建立了基于强有效性的s-共轭对偶理论。

This paper is focus on small set character recognition. Based on skeleton graphics, handwriting Chinese character is defined as a set of isolated branch, isolated loop and component. Relation among these three elements is also defined. Then, mathematical model is raised.

本文针对小类别数手写汉字，在骨架图形的基础上，把手写汉字看作孤枝、孤环和部件的集合，并定义三者之间的方位关系，从而建立手写汉字的数学模型。

I visited Bonn first in 2005. I could still bring back vivid reminiscence of strolling down the banks of Rhine with my friends from NUS, relishing the vanilla ice-cream, visiting the Beethovenhaus (well, we did not have time to go in so we kinda window-visited it), and rally at the Markt in front of the Rathaus at the end of the trip. And now I will trot along the footmarks of the past and venture into unfathomed territories in this little town of utter pulchritude.

这次在波恩是故地重游，4年前来欧洲背包游，期间流窜到德国，与国大交换生旅行团队纠集并一起游历了包括波恩的几座城市，当年与几位同学一起在这里漫步莱茵河畔、吃冰激凌、看贝多芬房子、最后在Rathaus前的Markt集合的情景依旧历历在目，而今我将踏着昔日的足迹伴着莱茵河清澈的浅韵再次游历这座美丽城市。

This kind of problems is first changed into the model of perceptrons in neural theory, Under the assumption of a finite set of social states. a sufficient and necessary condition for single-valued choice functions to be sum-fuzzy implementable is obtained: a geometric characterization is also given: an efficient algorithm for the sumfuzzy implementation of single-valued choice func...

本文在有限社会状态集合的情形，给出了单值选择函数是和型Fuzzy可实现的一个充要条件；并给出了相关几何描述结论；借助于感知器的学习算法规则给出了单值选择函数的和型Fuzzy实现的有效算法；最后还给出了一个具体例子。

The modified D-S combines the advantage of the two arithmetics—G-S and D-S, it defines the function of belief renewably by using the information of the prophetic probability distributing to define the subject and the correlation degree's realization of the fuzzy aggregate.

修正的D-S方法则结合了前两类算法的优点，利用包含在先验概率分布中的信息，通过定义模糊集合的&包含度&和&相关度&实现，并将置信函数重新定义。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。