雁属

Geese gabble goose单数 Any of various wild or domesticated water birds of the family Anatidae, and especially of the genera Anser and Branta, characteristically having a shorter neck than that of a swan and a shorter, more pointed bill than that of a duck.

鹅：任何一种野生或家养的鸭科的水鸟，特别是指雁属和黑雁属的水鸟，特征是颈比天鹅的短，嘴比鸭的短而尖

Swans are birds of the family Anatidae, which also includes geese and ducks.

天鹅属雁形目中的鸭科中的一个属，鸭科还包括鹅和鸭。

Any of various wild or domesticated water birds of the family Anatidae, and especially of the genera Anser and Branta, characteristically having a shorter neck than that of a swan and a shorter, more pointed bill than that of a duck.

鹅：任何一种野生或家养的鸭科的水鸟，特别是指雁属和黑雁属的水鸟，特征是颈比天鹅的短，嘴比鸭的短而尖

The investigation results showed that there were 26 species of the waterfowl of Anatidae, belonging to 7 orders, of which 1 species belong to gradeⅠ key state-protected species and 3 species (Cygnus columbianus, Anser albifrons and Branta ruficollis) belong to gradeⅡ key state-protected species.

结果表明：共调查记录到雁鸭类7属26种，其中国家重点保护动物4种，包括国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物1种［中华秋沙鸭］和国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物3种［小天鹅(Cygnus columbia-nus)、白额雁和红胸黑雁］。

Two distance models of amino acid sequence could be used to calcul ated Anatidae molecular clocks and their result are accurate. The estimation of the split between Phasianidae/Anatidae is 116.3785MYA ("""" l+2TiTv""""). The divergence time of Anser/Anatinae is estimated to be 71.2247MYA("""" l+2TiTv"""").

估计雉科与鸭科、雁属与鸭亚科、河鸭属与其它4个鸭属(鹊鸭属、绒鸭属、栖鸭属、斑胁草雁)间的分歧时间分别为116.3785MYA(&1+2TiTv&)和101.798MYA和129.461MYA、71.2247MYA(&1+2TiTv&)和55.1225MYA和62.52231MYA、36.8749MYA(1+2TiTv)和32.9498MYA和35.5044MYA。

Aves Anseriformes Anatidae Anas River.

鸟纲雁形目鸭科河鸭属。

Any of several small, dark wild geese of the genus Branta that breed in arctic regions, especially B.

黑雁一种黑雁属小型黑色野鹅，产于北极地区，尤指黑雁属，具有黑色的颈和头

The average percent value of G C (49.3%) was less than that of A T (50.7%), there was a bias of the content of G, T in the third codon; The number of transition G-A and T-C were 22, 15 respectively, which were higher than that of transition A-G and C-T, the number of tranversion C-A, T-G is 2 respectively, and other tranversion patterns didnt occur; the probability of transition was higher than that of tranversion , Ts/Tv = 9.5-19, there was the highest number of transition in the third codon. The gamma parameter a of the lst,nd and 3rd codon positions were 0.00572,0.01237 and 1.05239 respectively, they showed that there was adifferent substitution rate at different codon position. Frequences of synonymous codon usage were relatively biased. The average rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution were 0.0787, 0.0011 respectively, there was a significant difference between dS and dN (Z = 4.713, p.01), and the low ratio( CD = 0.0284 .3) of dN/dS ratio impled that there were selective constraints against the nonsynonymous sites in cyt-b gene, The distribution of nonsynonymous codon substitution pattern related to Grantharm distance indicated that the purified selection at 2nd codon positions was more intensive than that at 1st codon positions. The phylogenetic trees supported the view of the double origin of Chinese goose, which means that domestic Chinese goose was derived from Anser cygnoides and domestic European goose, and Yili was derived from Anser anser.

碱基含量分析可知，序列的G C含量(49.3％)＜A T含量(50.7％)，密码子第三位点的G、T含量都有较强的偏倚性；序列间G→A和T→C的转换数(22次和15次)高于A→G和C→T的转换数(10次和9次)，C→A、T→G颠换数均为2次，其余颠换模式均未发生；转换数明显高于颠换数，Ts／Tv=9.5～19，密码子第三位点的转换数最高，呈现了相当强烈的转换偏倚性；密码子第一、二和三位点的gamma分布参数α值分别为0.00572、0.01237和1.05239，表明密码子第一位点的替换速率变异最大，第二位点次之，第三位点的替换速率变异相对较小；编码同一氨基酸的同义密码子并非随机使用，表现出一定程度的使用偏倚性；同义替换速率和非同义替换速率分别为0.0787和0.0011，dS与dN值间的差异极显著(Z=4.713，p＜0.01)，而ω=0.0284，明显小于0.3，表明雁属鹅细胞色素b基因序列经历了中度净化选择作用；单步非同义替换(Sing-step nonsymonymous codon substitution，SSNCS)分布模式与Grantharm距离之间的关系说明密码子的三个位点所受的净化选择强度不同；构建的最大简约树与邻接树拓扑结构一致，支持中国家鹅的双起源学说，即除伊犁鹅外的其它中国鹅品种起源于鸿雁，伊犁鹅和欧洲的郎德鹅、莱茵鹅起源于灰雁。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失