难以计算地

In this way, the precision and the real time of calculation of the aberrance will influence the effect of the compensation. However, it is puzzle to calculate aberrance of instantaneous voltage and current on power net in real time.

这种模式下，畸变量的实时检测是一个问题，特别是对于事先未知扰动量的电网来说，无延时地检测计算出畸变量是一个难以解决的问题。

The soft-measuring technique is systemically described from the following aspects: auxiliary variable selection, data processing, soft-measuring model construction and model correction. Moreover, in order to solve the problem of measuring temperature of aluminum electrolytic cell, the importation electric power and blanking velocity are selected as auxiliary variable, then the temperature estimated value of the electrolytic cell is calculated. An autoregressive model with controlled item based on Modern Time Series Analysis method is established.

从辅助变量选择、数据处理、软测量模型建立和模型修正等方面系统地介绍了软测量技术；并针对铝电解槽温度高、腐蚀性强、温度难以直接测量的问题，选择电解槽的输入电功率和下料速度作为辅助变量，利用现代时间序列分析法建立了带受控项目的自回归数学模型，从而计算出电解槽的温度估计值。

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

The algorithm has overcome some problems of traditional algorithm such as more constraint conditions, depending prior knowledge, calculation complexity and noise susceptibility, and can be applied into the different restored image, and effectively overcomes the difficulties to determine noise-signal power ratio of Wiener filtering.

该算法利用微粒群算法的快速搜索能力和模拟退火算法良好的全局收敛性能寻找最佳复原图像，克服了传统的图像复原方法存在较多约束条件、依赖先验知识、计算求解复杂和对噪声十分敏感等不足，能应用于不同类型退化图像的复原，并能有效地解决经典维纳滤波算法噪信功率比难以确定的问题。

This method is tectonic on foundation of nuclear function theory special and linear space, each issue of rank nucleus of progression of the Volterra that seek solution changeover uses output observation vector to be in to beg Xierbaite the some in the space child the umbriferous problem on the space, make originally complex, hard calculative is nonlinear in the approachs a problem to be built in place compose linear space of Volterra progression of the system solve ably with the means that accumulates inside vector, gave out specific algorithm.

该方法在核函数理论基础上构造非凡线性空间，将求解Volterra级数的各阶核的新问题转换为求用输出观测向量在希尔伯特空间中某一子空间上的投影新问题，使原本复杂、难以计算的非线性系统的Volterra级数的逼近新问题在所构建的线性空间中巧妙地以向量内积的方式解决，并给出了具体算法。

China Engineering and the teaching has yet to fully utilize the power of MATLAB, MATLAB existing books mostly as a computer application tool there, not with the specific disciplines of organic materials combined, MATLAB GUI interface design, will be teaching content according to a certain order of the structure, using simple language, a rich display screen in front of the students. not only improes the students interested in this program, also makes some of the more abstract concepts of the past and the process of teaching students to reflect difficult to understand and master the content, through iid, image of the method explained to the students, so that students more easily understand and grasp. MATLAB and the emergence of soling this problem, MATLAB based on its powerful calculation and graphics functions so as to sole the problem, The system is controlled teaching address the dull, abstract characteristics do.

而我国工科类的教学还未能充分利用MATLAB的强大功能，现有的MATLAB书籍大都作为计算机应用工具书出现，未能与具体学科的教材有机地结合起来，MATLAB中的GUI界面设计，将教学内容按照一定的结构顺序，用简洁的文字、丰富的画面展现在学生面前，不仅提高了学生学习本课程的兴趣，还使得一些比较抽象的概念和过去教学过程中学生反映难以理解和掌握的内容，通过生动、形象的方法向学生阐明，使学生更容易理解和掌握，而MATLAB的出现解决了这一问题，MATLAB基于它强大的计算和绘图功能从而解决了这一问题，本系统就是针对解决控制教学中的枯燥，抽象的特点而做的。

By theory analyzing and example calculation and comparison, the conclusion is obtained that the traditional inferential method can be applied in the design flood peak flow calculation, yet it cannot truly express the runoff process of the rain drainage inlet, the instantaneous unit hydrograph depending on the real and actual datum is different to be used in the runoff discharge hydrograph calculation, and the no linearity reservoir means and the isochronal method have some physics base and its parameters easily evaluated and its runoff discharge hydrograph still more is close to practice.

5通过城市雨水地表汇流特性及计算方法的理论分析、实例计算和对比得出：传统推理法可应用于城市设计洪峰流量的计算，但不能真实地反映雨水口径流流量过程；瞬时单位线法等对实测资料有较大依赖，难以应用于城市径流流量过程线的计算；非线性水库法和等流时线法的径流流量过程线接近实际。

Secondly, aiming at the difficulty of information sharing between reheating furnace and roughing mill which is brought by the separate control of the two facilities, and the problems of exceeding energy consumption and low security of rolling process given by the difficulty to adjust the heating process of slab dynamically, this paper presents a comprehensive optimizing control strategy of reheating furnace based on the rolling information feedback. In the presented strategy, fuzzy control and neural network are used to feed roll force and slab temperature of therolling process back to reheating furnace and the concrete furnace temperature setting compensation value can be worked out. So that the heating process of slab can be adjusted dynamically according to the heating quality of the slab, and energy consumption can be reduced, the rolling security can be ensured as well.

其次，针对目前加热炉和粗轧机的分离控制带来的生产信息难以共享、钢坯的加热过程难以动态调整而造成的能耗浪费过大、粗轧机轧制安全难以保障等问题，提出了基于轧制信息反馈的加热炉综合优化控制策略，利用模糊控制和神经网络的方法，将粗轧机一侧的能够反映钢坯加热质量好坏的生产信息，如粗轧机的轧制力、钢坯的温度等，反馈到加热炉一侧并计算出炉温设定值的补偿量，从而能够根据钢坯的加热状况动态地调整后续钢坯的加热过程，减少了能耗浪费，保障了轧制安全。

For studying the offshore platform with positivepressure spouted and strengthened pile foundation, the first important step is tocalculate the bearing capacity of foundation. This kind of platform is such a new typeone that there is no existing criterion to follow. Furthermore, the situation of thegroundwork is complicated due to the application of strengthening technique, so theconventional computation method of bearing capacity does not take its properties intoaccount.

正压冲固平台是新型平台，没有现成的规范可循，而且由于平台采用了加固技术，使地基情况变得复杂，用传统的承载力计算方法难以真实地反映这种平台地基的特点和性质，所以为计算平台承载能力选择正确有效的方法成为研究的关键问题之一。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。