隐喻性的

Many. I first analyze what is simulacra of the third order, and then indicates the laxity of the third order through a discussion of the relationship among simulacra, idea and mimesis. Based on a reinterpretation of the metaphor of cave, I demonstrate the generation and nature of simulacra, their relationship with humans and cognitive functions, thus defining a basic theoretical field for the discussion of simulacra.

论文首先分析什么是第三秩序的仿像，在此基础上通过仿像与理念、模仿之间关系的论述表明第三秩序的松动性，进而重新解读洞穴隐喻，展现仿像的制作、仿像的性质、仿像与人的关系、仿像的认识功能等，划定了仿像探讨的基本论域。

Cognitive linguists emphasize meaning is embodied. The extension of abstract meaning of a preposition is based on the physical experience. They also emphasize meaning essentially involves an"imaginative"projection by using mechanisms of schematization, categorization, metaphor and metonymy.

认知语言学家强调意义具有体验性，介词抽象意义的延伸就基于身体经验；他们还强调意义在本质上涉及到的是"想象性"的映射，其形成过程是运用图式化、范畴化、隐喻和转喻等认知机制的。

What happened between the first two-way-communicating animal and the first communicating people why landed on Hawaii was a continuing process of extending the senses farther and farther so as to command more information; extending the voice and gestures Farther and farther so as to deliver more information; making one's messages always more portable, more separable from oneself both in space and time, Considered that way, Marshall McLuhan's metaphor of the media as extensions of man is sound history, although the process was under way long before there were any media as we now know them.

第一批互相传播的动物和第一批登上夏威夷会交流的人们之间发生了什么？发生了一个感觉不断延长以至需要更多的信息，发生了声音和姿势不断的扩展以至于要提交更多的信息，使一个人的信息总是更具可携性和在共同的时空间里更具差异性。那样看来，麦克鲁汉把媒介隐喻为人体的的延伸是正确有说法，尽管这个进程在我们不知道这些媒介之前的很久以前就已进行。

The third part of the paper continues the analysis laid out in the second part, through both horizontal (in different level of literature) and vertical comparative analysis of the metaphors to examine the differences in the society, culture, psychology and form.

论文的第三部分是在第二部分的基础上进行分析，通过横向和纵向的性隐喻比较分析其社会文化心理构成的差异。

So, from the unique angle of cognition of human beings, the cognitive linguists found that there did have some motivations in the meaning extension, which mainly came from the metaphorical and metonymic ways of thinking.

认知语言学从独特的人类认知视角，发现了词义扩展存在着理据性，即主要是通过人类的隐喻和转喻思维实现的。

The way humans cognize the body part expression TE, which means "hand" in Japanese, can be considered through two kinds of cognitive processes; one is based on metonymical link which basically relies on spatial contiguity and conceptual contiguity with HANDS, and the other one is based on metaphorical link which relies on the similarity with our hands.

对於日语身体部位词「手」的认知过程大致上可分为，基於和「手」有空间上或概念上的关连性而形成的换喻，以及透过与「手」的相似性而形成的隐喻。

The packed planes imply a cramped space (as John Locke's "Private Room of Mind"), either overly lit or too dim because of camera flash, and the observer behind the camera. The flat square disarranges the domain allotment between subject and object or the observer and the observed. The lack of depth gives the observer a superior status as a judge in a secretive trial that has been carefully arranged by the artist. The scene provokes a lot of doubt in the mind of the audience and they feel they are exiled.

尹朝辉的作品多以拥挤的画面象征忧郁狭小的房间（暗喻洛克John Locke的「心灵所在的私室」），光线过亮或不足、强烈急促的光影表现，隐喻了闪光灯和观察者的存在，压平的四方造型拉近且打乱了主体和客体／观察者和被观察者的场域分配，毫无景深的视觉提示则赋予房间内的主动观察者更高阶的审判者的地位，但艺术家刻意营造的匿名性却又将这一连串的审判过程私密化，徒留给被动观察者一连串的疑问，以及成为局外人的被抛弃感。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。