隐喻

The third chapter enunciates, from the angle of optimal adaptability, the close relationship between metaphor generation and addressor\'s pursuit of optimal adaptation in language choices, and thereby explains "why do people use metaphor so frequently".

第三章从最佳适应的角度，阐明了隐喻生成与发话人追求语言选择的最佳适应之间的密切关联，从而解释了"人们为什么要如此频繁地使用隐喻"。

Polysemy is discussed from the perspective of prototype, cognitive metaphor and metonymy, discovering that a polysemic word constitutes a semantic category with its primary meaning as the prototype while other members in that category are derived from it, exhibiting a family resemblance and degrees of typicality as well, and that the extension of word meaning is mainly achieved through metonymical thinking based upon contiguity and metaphorical thinking based upon similarity.

利用原型范畴理论、认知隐喻和转喻角度分析一词多义现象，认为一个词的多个义项是从原型义项演变而来的，并且表现出不同程度的家族相似性，同时又表现出不同程度的原型义项身份；词义延伸又主要通过转喻和隐喻的认知思维结构，即转喻的邻近性和隐喻的相似性思维特征来实现。

By analyzing the cognitive motivation of prepositional spatial metaphor, we can safely conclude that prepositions have produced numerous different meanings and developed colorful metaphorical connotations, and the polysemantic network is thus formed.

空间隐喻是有理据的，而不是任意和约定俗成的，介词在其空间概念的基础上通过从具体到抽象的隐喻投射产生了大量不同的义项，发展了丰富多彩的隐喻含义，并最终形成了介词的多义性网络。

By analyzing the cognitive motivation of prepositional spatial metaphor, we can safely conclude that prepositions have produced numerous different meanings and developed colorful metaphorical connotations, and the polysemantic network is thus formed.

空间隐喻是有理据的，而不是任意和约定俗成的，介词在其空间概念的基础上通过从具体到抽象的隐喻投射产生了大量不同的义项，发展了丰富多彩的隐喻含义，并最终形成了介词的多义性网络。介词at-on-in构成了一个&点面体三位一体&的微观系统，它们 www。

More importantly, it discovers universalities and variations of metaphors related to four common animals in two languages, which will help us to overcome the barriers in cross-cultural communication.

它揭示了动物隐喻的产生和理解机制，丰富了隐喻的认知学理论；同时详尽说明了这四种动物隐喻在两种语言中的相同点和差异，为跨文化交际扫清障碍。

The article,based on the collection of large numbers of data,undertakes a systematic contrastive study of color metaphors between English and Chinese,testifying to the universalities and distinctions of metaphor as ...

有必要在搜集和归纳大量表示颜色概念的隐喻表述的基础上，验证隐喻作为人类的思维方式存在共性与个性，探索颜色隐喻在英汉两种语言中的认知模式和优势分布特点，进而挖掘其内在的体验哲学根基及深层的文化动因。

The research is carried out in the following steps: firstly, authentic synaesthetic metaphors of English and Chinese are collected from the above mentioned poetic materials; secondly, synaesthetic metaphors drawn from the materials (516 English instances and 510 Chinese instances) are grouped into sub-categories according to different source-target collocations of the synaesthetic transfer; finally, from the statistics, the universalities and peculiarities of synaesthesia in English and Chinese will be elicited, upon which further analysis and discussion are grounded.

研究首先从上述诗歌作品中搜集整理出真实的英汉语通感语料，然后依照通感隐喻的源域和目的域之间不同的搭配关系和迁移方向对语料进行分类统计，最终根据统计结果(英语通感隐喻516例，汉语通感隐喻510例)归纳出英汉语通感认知模式的共有规律及各自特点，并对之进行深入的分析与讨论。

This article gives short analysis of the relationship between metaphor and other tropes .

本文简要地分析了隐喻与其他转喻的关系，探讨了不同类别隐喻在言语运用及语言演进中的作用，隐喻思维与逻辑思维的关系及其在科学认知世界中的功能。

The second is that the signifiers and signifies of the lexical metaphors and grammaticalmetaphors are not arbitrary.

第三个相似点从隐喻的功能来看，词汇隐喻和语法隐喻都能够帮助人们理解复杂的概念。

Conceptual metaphor is featured by a set of systematic correspondences between the source and the target, namely mappings.

概念隐喻借助于具体的概念让我们理解相对抽象的概念，而语言隐喻仅仅是潜在的概念隐喻的表现形式。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失