随机的

The unoperated sides of the treated animals also served as controls. Six normal rats were treated as normal control group. Three different siRNA plasmid solution containing RC2-Ⅰ, MAFbx-Ⅱ, CON (50μl , 0.8μg/μl)was injected and transfected by electroporation as methods mentioned above, respectively. The changes of RC2 and MAFbx mRNA levels and RC2 protein levels after 3 days were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively. On postoperative 2, 3 and 4 weeks, the rate of wet muscle weight preservation, mean diameter of muscle fiber and mean cross-section area of muscle fiber and muscle protein content were checked and then compared between group CON and group RC2 or group MAFbx, respectively. The differences between groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Ultrastructural changes of muscle fiber were observed at 2, 3, 4 weeks postoperation.Results GFP plasmid was efficiently deliverd into muscle by electroporation and robust GFP expression in muscle could be observed more than three weeks. Histology shows that injected plasmid DNA diffuses extensively in muscle tissue.

1、健康雌性SD大鼠18只，随机分为电穿孔组和非电穿孔组，每组9只，制作右下肢趾长伸肌失神经支配模型；EP组为将质粒pEGFP-N1溶液50μl(0.8μg／μl)注射入右趾长伸肌后，立即于两侧腱腹交接处给予电穿孔，电穿孔参数为：电场强度为200V／Cm，脉冲100μs，频率1Hz，施加10次脉冲；NEP组仅质粒pEGFP-N1溶液注射；转染后1、2、3周，荧光显微镜下观察趾长伸肌中GFP的表达情况，转染后1周行Western印迹检测趾长伸肌中GFP蛋白的表达情况，检测和优化体内转染效率。2、健康雌性SD大鼠78只，随机分为失神经对照组、RC2基因治疗组(RC2组)，MAFbx基因治疗组，每组24只，制作右下肢趾长伸肌失神经支配模型，余6只为正常组；分别将含CON、RC2、MAFbx基因的siRNA重组质粒注射入趾长伸肌，之后给予电穿孔，方法同上；治疗后3天实时定量PCR和Western印迹检测各组中RC2或MAFbx基因的mRNA和蛋白的表达变化，治疗后2、3、4周检测各组肌湿重维持率、肌细胞直径和肌细胞截面积，肌细胞超微结构变化以及肌纤维中蛋白含量变化。

80 Individuals of ATA-A F2 plants were used for RAPD molecular mapping of the monoecious gene by bulk segregant analysis. 840 random primers were chosen for polymerase chain reaction amplification between monoecious pool and andromonoecious pool, the results showed that: primer S128 was tightly linked to the monoecious character, and primer S493 was tightly linked to the andromonoecious character.

以甜瓜单性花系ATA-A系与两性花品种YJX-1的杂交F2代的80个单株为材料，利用群分法进行单性花基因有关RAPD分子标记研究，筛选分析了840个10bp随机引物的PCR扩增谱带，结果表明，随机引物S128在1180bp，S493在930bp处产生与性别相关的特异性条带，S128的特异条带与单性花性状相关，S493的特异条带与两性花性状相关。

The concept of comparison with probability was also introduced based on NDPSO, and then the stochastic repairing operator was constructed for heuristic search to solve the Winner Determination Problem in combinatory auction.

在NDPSO算法的基础上引入依概率随机比较的概念，并构造了进行启发式搜索的随机修补算子，实现对组合拍卖中的竞胜标确定问题的求解。

Genetic analysis of soybean resistant to soybean nematode race 5. Crop Sci., 1989, 29:1181～1184.［4］Qiu B, Sleper D A et al. Inheritance of resistance to Heterodera glycines races 1,3, and 5 in Peking. Soybean Gen. Newsl., 1996, 23:183～185.［5］Rao-Arelli A P. Allelic loci in Peking soybean controlling resistance to Heterodera glycines races. Soybean Gen. Newsl., 1995, 22:170～172.［6］Rao-Arelli A P. Inheritance of resistance to Heterodera glycines race 3 in soybean accessions. Plant Dis., 1994, 78:898～900.［7］Golden A M, Epps J M, Riggs R G et al. Terminology

随机选取30个F3代的株系，每个株系随机选取10～15个单株，进行上述孢囊线虫的接种鉴定，设抗感亲本作对照。8个株系抗病，18个株系分离和4个株系感病。F3代株系间的抗感分离比例确认兴县灰布支黑豆对大豆孢囊线虫14号小种的抗性是由3对基因控制、一对隐性和两对显性基因、隐性基因上位、两对显性基因互补的遗传假设是正确的。

The experiment results on 13 well-known benchmark problems show that the proposed algorithm is capable of improving the search performance significantly in convergent speed and precision with respect to four techniques representative of the state-of-the-art in constrained optimization such as evolutionary algorithm based on homomorphous maps, artificial immune response constrained evolutionary strategy, constraint handling differential evolution, and evolutionary strategies based on stochastic ranking.

对13个标准测试问题的测试结果表明：与动态惩罚函数的进化算法、人工免疫响应约束进化策略、可行性规则的差分进化算法以及采用随机排序的进化策略相比，新算法在收敛速度和求解精度上均具有一定的优势。关键词：人工智能；差分进化算法；约束优化；随机排序

The third chapter talked about two different treatments of quantum decoherence in V〓 system. For one the decoherence factor is been expressed in the form of a random external field. And the mean density matrix is calculated to signal the decoherence by showing its nondiagonal elements to approach to zero. In another numerical work done by us, random interaction between system and environment is imposed to mimic the decoherence factor.

第三章讨论了V〓体系中量子相干性研究的两个工作，一个用随机外场来代表消相干因素，采用对系统的密度矩阵进行随机平均的解析方法得到一些结果，一个是我们用数值计算方法的处理，其中消相干因素考虑成系统和环境的相互作用。

Rasagiline as an adjunct to levodopa in patients with Parkinson＇s disease and motor fluctuations （LARGO, Lasting effect in Adjunct therapy with Rasagiline Given Once daily, study）: A randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial, Incidence of neural tube defects in the leastdeveloped area of India: A population-based study,Long-term efficacy of early versus delayed radiotherapy for low-grade astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma in adults: The EORTC 22845 randomised trial

文章摘要：雷沙吉兰作为左旋多巴的辅助用药治疗帕金森病和运动波动患者（LARGO研究。雷沙吉兰每日1次辅助治疗的持久影响）：一项随机、双盲、平行分组试验，神经管缺陷在印度最不发达地区的发病率：一项基于人群的研究，早期和晚期放疗对成人低分级星形细胞瘤和少突神经胶质细胞瘤的长期疗效：EORTC22845随机试验

Three animals randomly selected from three groups were killed on Day 0 to determine the baseline of PLA2 activity within unmanipulated rat sciatic nerve; other 39 animals underwent operation for model-making of acute sciatic （Maves-modified Bennet-Xie model） on right sciatic nerves, while Sham operations were performed on left sciatic nerves.

第0天，每组随机抽取1只共3只大鼠处死，测量双侧坐骨神经节段磷脂酶A2活性为基线，其余39只大鼠右侧坐骨神经制作急性坐骨神经痛模型（Maves改良的Bennet-Xie模型），对侧行Sham手术；第7天，每组随机抽取3只处死，测量治疗前模型和Sham坐骨神经节段的磷脂酶A2的活性；第14天，剩余大鼠处死后测量各组模型和Sham坐骨神经节段的磷脂酶A2的活性。

The basic principles of the combined control and equivalent combined control were described, the random acceleration model of maneuvering object was also analysed and how to realize the Kalman lilting was given in the paper.

阐述了复合控制及等效复合控制技术的基本原理，分析了机动目标的随机加速度模型，给出了卡尔曼滤波预测算法的实现过程，并在假定目标满足随机加速度模型的基础上，建立了基于卡尔曼预测滤波技术的光电经纬仪的等效复合控制系统。

Among them, one of the most promising seems to be Simulation Annealing that aims to reach the optimization of an objective function by physically analogizing to an annealing process of malerial at high temperature. This involves in a transformation of optimization of a function in continuous domain into a combinatorial optimization in discrete domain, as well as the proper choice of various control parameters such as temperature, iterative number etc.

为此，目前主要采用三种基于随机搜索策略的鲁棒技术，其中模拟退火算法是最有希望的一种，该算法的核心思想是随机模拟物理上的物质退火过程，它主要涉及将连续域优化问题转换为离散的组合优化问题，以及合理地选择各种控制参数、迭代时间等。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。