随机函数

Basing on the neighborhood system of MARKOV random field and the potential function,we build a soft constrained mode to overcome the shortage of the force constraints,and we extend well constrained data to well-cross.

基于马尔柯夫随机域的邻域系统及势函数构建一种软性约束模式，将井眼约束信息外推到井间，避免过往强制约束的不足。

In conjunction with MICQ, a nephogram clustering algorithm based on PSO is proposed, of which the coding and fitness function are projected. In addition, nowadays, many researches of nephogram classification usually focus on some single feature, and the classifications are achieved based on these unique features, correspondingly. This strategy would probably ignore the potential which is provided by the combined classification based on multiple features.

结合该参数，本文将一种基于群体智能的随机优化技术：微粒群优化算法，引入到云图的分类领域，从算法编码和目标函数的构造方面进行了设计，提出了一种基于微粒群优化的云图聚类算法，为后一阶段的云图分类打下基础。

In this paper, the super-network method is used to analyze the operation process of the supply chains and construct a super-network of the supply chains. In order to decompose total demand with given distribution function, customer choice theory is adopted to acquire the demand of each supply chain. By combining game theory with Newsvendor model, we put forward a revenue-share contract, which can coordinate the behaviors of the members included in a same supply chain under the environment of SC vs. SC competition.

本文利用超网络方法分析供应链运作过程，建立了两条竞争供应链的超网络结构；已知产品总需求的随机分布函数，运用顾客选择理论得到每条供应链的产品需求情况；利用博弈理论和Newsvendor模型，得到了供应链竞争环境下可协调链内成员的收益共享合同。

Our analysis framework relies on the reflected Backward Stochastic Differential equation approach.We characterize the value functions of the noncallable bonds in terms of the reflected Backward Stochastic Differential equation,Then the relationship between the value function of convertible bonds and reflected backward stochastic differential equations with single reflect is built at the same time,and provide the optimal conversion strategy for bondholders.2:We get the value of non-callable convertible bonds by numerical methods.

探讨了可转换债券的最优停时价值与带反射边界倒向随机微分方程解的关系，在市场完备，公司价值只包括股权和可转债这两种权益等各种假定下，给出不可赎回可转换债券的价值函数，证明了不可赎回可转换债券的最优停时问题的解是存在的，同时给出了其最优的转换策略。2：通过数值方法求解不可赎回可转换债券的价值。

The results indicate that the initial deviations of the joint positions match normal probability density function limited in the range of double mean variance.

随机缺陷分析方法中假定结构每个节点的位置偏差符合二倍均方差范围内的正态概率密度函数是可以接受的。

For GPS precise kinematic/mobile positioning, the function models and stochastic models in both single epoch way and OTF (on-the-flying) way are respectively given, and the general normal equations to suit programming in computer are constructed in this section.

对于 GPS 精密动态定位，分别给出了在单历元方式和 OTF 方式下的函数模型和随机模型，以及适宜于编程的通用法方程式。

In order to detect the nonlinear determinism, the method of surrogate is employed. The null hypothesis that a real system response is from a stationary Gaussian linear process distorted by an invertible, static, nonlinear measurement function is made and tested.

采用替代数据法对实际房间声学系统的非线性确定性进行检测，假设实际系统响应是由平稳高斯随机过程经可逆、静态的非线性函数变换而得到，然后对该假设进行检验。

In this paper, we made a specification on the random variables of utility function with Odd I Larsen's research results, also chose a logit discrete choice model for estimation of Norwegian data, and got the relationship between private car use and costs.

本文采用了基本的微观经济学的消费者效用最大化理论作为模型的基础，在效用函数的随机变量部分采用了挪威莫尔德大学的Odd I Larsen 教授等的计算方法，并采取了logit 离散选择假设，对挪威的汽车消费数据进行了估算，得出了关于挪威汽车消费与汽车费用关系的一些有价值的结论，并推出了相关的政策建议。

Therefore, to the subsample's observation of continuous random parent population, if its material function can not be gotten easily the presented method can be used to approximate its distribution function, and.

因此对连续型随机样本母体中的简单随机子样的观察值，在不易得到其具体分布的情况下，可用此方法来近似求出其分布函数并可达到很好的逼近效果。

Therefore, to the subsample's observation of continuous random parent population, if its material function can not be gotten easily,the presented method can be used to approximate its distribution function,and good approximation effect can be achieved.

因此对连续型随机样本母体中的简单随机子样的观察值，在不易得到其具体分布的情况下，可用此方法来近似求出其分布函数并可达到很好的逼近效果。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。