陷入窘境

Some years ago i knew the chairman of a n american industrial company who was forced out of his post after a losing bitter takeover battle with a foreign conglomerate7）.this chairman,already in his 60s,could easily have moved on to a second career as a well－paid consultant,giving speeches,lecturing at business schools,and functioning as an eminence8） grise in his field.but losing his company rankled him--to the point where,within weeks of his departure,he announced that he had acquired control of a new company and planned to compete directly with his old company.i'm sure this decision was totally ego－driven;he wanted to show the world that he hadn't lost a step.unfortunately,running a start－up company is nothing like running a large organization.tasks that he could delegate to several layers of staff in his previous life were now his alone to do.without his old company's resources,he couldn't function at his best.

不要老觉得你应对所有人说你受到了冤枉。你一旦被解雇--这里既指失去了工作，也指失去了当事人或主要客户--最常见的冲动是向全世界宣布你多少受到了委屈。人们觉得失业是对他们形象和自尊心的一次打击。为此在轻微的震惊之中，他们立即再度陷入同样的窘境，似乎以此就能向所有人表明他们仍未失去能力。换句话说，他们变得惊惶失措。他们不能退一步问问自己，是不是最初应该做那份工作，是不是喜欢和当事人打交道或为客户服务。几年前，我认识一位美国工业公司的经理，他和一家外国联合企业展开一场相互吞并的竞争，结果失利被迫辞职。这位经理已是花甲之年，完全可以另辟蹊径，去做收入不菲的顾问，四处演讲，到商学院讲课，在他的领域当一个无冕之王。但失去他的公司使他气愤不已，以致他在离开几周之后就宣布他又买断了一家新公司，并打算直接与他过去的公司展开竞争。我敢担保这一决定纯属是受自尊心的驱使；他是想让人们瞧瞧，他没有失利。不幸的是，管理一家新公司和管理一个大企业完全是两码事。过去他可以把任务交给层层下属去做，如今他只得事必躬亲。没有了他过去公司的左右依仗，他无法发挥其才能。

No doubt, the reasons of downfall of inetrpretivism are many, but adopting the touch-and-go type of discourse and using some ambiguous terminology are its main reason.

促使「阐释主义」陷入这种窘境的原因，固然是多方面的，但通常采取概括式的笼统论述与使用一些含意模糊的专门术语，则是其中的主要理由。

The Federalist Party found itself greatly embarrassed by the peace. Its leaders had long denounced the war and said Britain could not be defeated. Many of them had traded with the enemy. Some had even worked with the British against their own country. They had even threatened to break up the Union.

联邦党人发现，他们已经因这份和平条约而陷入极大的窘境，联邦党领导人长期以来公开反对这场战争，并说英国是不可战胜的，许多联邦党人还与美国的敌人英国进行贸易，有些联邦党人甚至为英国工作来对抗他们自己的国家，他们甚至还威胁说要分裂国家。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。