陶瓷

Of the late two years,in order to find out a kind of dental implant ing materialwhich would possess both the very good properties of biological compatibility,the chemical compatibility and the mechanical compatibility,an animal experi-mental preselection was accomplished by our research team with six kinds of im-planting material chosen from four main sorts of oral implant ing material(met-al,ceramic,high polymer and carbon),As the result of the Preselection,thematerial……bio-ceramic was chosen by ...

为了寻求生物相容性、化学相容性和力学相容性均好的种植材料，在口腔四大类种植材料(金属、陶瓷、碳素、高分子)中，选用6种材料作了动物实验预选。根据预选结果，选定以生物陶瓷为主攻方向，从而研制成功锆磷灰石陶瓷，以之进行了理化性能、生物学性能、及动物实验考查，合平种植要求。并以考查结果与钛合金、多晶氧化铝、单晶氧化铝、钛合金喷涂氧化铝、低温各向同性碳、聚砜种植作了比较，主要性能均较其它几种比较材料为优。经临床初试，锆磷灰石陶瓷的种植效果也较好，其界面为骨性结合。

Chang Cheng Dehua Ceramics Co., Ltd. is a factory specializing in the production of ceramic flower pots, and products are mainly used for flower pot, ceramic flower pots with a cartoon character, animal ceramic flower pots.

德化昌成陶瓷有限公司是一家专业生产陶瓷花盆工厂，产品主要用于花卉盆栽，有卡通陶瓷花盆，动物陶瓷花盆。

The main products are: all kinds of industrial furnace regenerator with cordierite, mullite, high alumina, corundum honeycomb, and various materials and specifications of the regenerator the ball, and with regenerator tile block; all kinds of industrial furnace series×, corundum brick, clay brick, lightweight insulation materials, heat insulation brick light weight, low-iron mullite brick, silica brick, magnesia brick, aluminum MgO-C Bricks, magnesia-chrome brick, chrome Corundum bricks, a steel trough brick slipway and a variety of refractory materials such as sizing the outlet; all kinds of industrial furnaces with wear-resistant castables, low cement castable high-strength, impermeable material, gravity feed can be plastic, refractory clay, such as amorphous material; a variety of wear-resistant ceramic materials: ceramic lining, grinding balls, ceramic pipes, ceramic cylinder liner, piston, valves and other ceramics.

主要产品有：各种工业炉蓄热室用堇青石质、莫来石质、高铝质、刚玉质蜂窝体以及各种材质和规格的蓄热球，并配有蓄热体挡板砖；各种工业炉用系列高铝砖、刚玉砖、粘土砖、轻质保温材料、轻质隔热砖、低铁莫来石砖、硅砖、镁砖、铝镁碳砖、镁铬砖、铬刚玉砖、出钢槽滑道砖以及各种定径水口等耐火材料；各种工业炉用耐磨浇注料、低水泥高强浇注料、防渗料、自流料、可塑料、耐火泥等不定形材料；各种材质的耐磨陶瓷制品：陶瓷衬板、研磨球、陶瓷管道、陶瓷缸套、柱塞、陶瓷阀门等。

A synthetic model of multi-level production planning and control integration is brought forward, which integrated Master Production Schedule , Material Requirements Planning , Shop Floor Control , order acceptance control, order release control and process control into a whole. Besides, a new method of production management—— Theory of Constraints is introduced into the traditional MRP, and a method to integrate TOC with MRP is put forward. As a result, a system of production planning management for ceramics enterprise is developed. Then several problems of shop planning and control for ceramics enterprise including the modeling of production line, the optimized utilization of kiln, the complement and due-date of products are discussed. A mathematical programming model of equalization production for ceramics production line is set up. An optimized model is put forward, which uses genetic algorithm to solve the sequencing problem of ceramics before the kiln.

以生产计划与控制的集成为目标，提出将一个企业中的主生产计划、物料需求计划、车间作业计划与接受订单控制、投料控制与生产控制集成的多级生产计划与控制的总体模型，将一种新的生产管理方法——约束理论引入传统的MRP中，提出了实现TOC和MRP集成的具体方法；针对陶瓷企业的特点，为重庆兆瓷研制了一套陶瓷企业生产计划管理系统；并对陶瓷企业车间计划与控制中的一些具体问题进行了研究，建立了陶瓷生产线均衡生产的数学规划模型，就窑炉的优化利用、产品配套和交货期问题、陶瓷生产线的能力平衡等问题进行了研究。

We focus on manufacturing and distribution of wall and floor tiles with highquality,and all our products have been passed through inspection by authorized quality supervising and testing organizations,the quality standard has reached more strictly than the national standard of GB/T1400-2600,there by guarantee Qiangtao Ceramics products series'excellent performance and stability,now,Qiangtao Ceramics has become one of flagships in China building ceramics industry,and has already strode into the international ceramics market.

公司专注于高品质陶瓷墙地砖的制造和销售，产品通过权威质量监督检验机构检测，质量标准严于GB/T1400-2006国家标准的要求，确保了强陶陶瓷系列产品的优良与稳定。强陶陶瓷已成为中国陶瓷行业的旗舰之一，并大踏步迈进国际陶瓷市场。

FBG sensing technology and its recent progress in applications isintroduced systematically;the coupled-mode theory and the sensing principleof FBG are expatiated and the Bragg formula and reflectivity formula arededuced;the work principle, variety and essential characteristic of PZT areexpatiated in detail, and the configuration of PZT parts of an apparatus issummarized. The mechanism of piezoelectric electrostriction is analyzeddeeply, and the normalized control model is introduced aiming at analyzinghysteresis characteristic, and an electrical polarization intensity control methodbased on the aforementioned model which can effectively reduce the hysteresischaracteristic is discussed.

论文系统地介绍了光纤光栅传感技术及其应用的研究进展状况；详细地阐述了光纤光栅的耦合模理论及光纤布喇格光栅的传感机理；推导出了光纤布喇格光栅的布喇格公式和反射率公式；详细地阐述了压电陶瓷的工作原理、种类和基本特性，总结了压电陶瓷器件的结构形式，深入地分析研究了压电陶瓷逆压电效应及电致伸缩机理，并针对其迟滞特性给出了压电陶瓷归一化控制模型，在此模型基础上采用电极化强度控制方法有效地降低了压电陶瓷的迟滞特性。

The phase structure of the ceramic-coating includes γ-Al2O3, AlPO4 and CoO. The forming process of the ceramic-coating includes iron movement, melting of surface layer, movement of electrolyte towards the melting-zone and the final nucleus-forming and sintering. The ceramic coating looks like islands and islets. The ceramic coating and the matrix are integrated metallurgically.

结果表明：该陶瓷膜层由γ-Al2O3， AlPO4和CoO等组成；通过对陶瓷膜层的表面形貌和显微结构观察及分析，发现陶瓷膜层形成过程是一个离子运动，表面层不断被击穿形成熔融区，处理体系中的电解质不断向熔融区运动、成核并迅速烧结的过程；陶瓷膜层呈现岛屿状；陶瓷膜层与基体之间为冶金结合。

Zirconium silicate has higher refractive index 1.93～2.01, enjoys sound chemical stability. It's a quality and cheaper opacifier finding widespread application in manufacturing various building ceramics, sanitarty ware,daily ceramic products,and high-quality ceramic products.

硅酸锆的折射率高1.93-2.01，化学稳定性能好，是一种优质、价廉的乳浊，被广泛用于各种建筑陶瓷、卫生陶瓷、日用陶瓷、一级工艺品陶瓷等的生产中，在陶瓷釉料的加工生产中，使用范围广，乳浊行，流动行好，具有较强的耐磨性和增白作用。

The mian works are as follows:(1)By coprecipitation technique and coprecipitation- gel technique the nano zirconia powder was produced, factors affecting the properties of nano zirconia powder such as pH and the content of stabilizator are analyzed;(2)By the new pressless sintering process, the nano zirconia ceramic was produced, factors which can affecting the properties of nano zirconia sinter body such as moulding press and the sinter temperature are analyzed;(3)By the microtherm pressless sintering process, the nano copper added functional zirconia ceramic composite was produced, microscopic dimensionality and electric properties of such sinter body and the factors affecting such sinter body are analyzed;(4)By the self-invented "external albumen coating" technique the zirconia powder was successfully coated by carbon in the corresponding sinter body, which can help solve the traditional aggregation problem to some degree;(5)Based on analyze the characteristics in the nano powder sinter process, the "three-ball sinter model" was proposed, for the relationship between the relative density and porosity of sinter body, by mathematical fitting, such model was successfully verified.

本研究比较系统地研究了纳米氧化锆陶瓷的合成与成型机理，特别是讨论了纳米氧化锆陶瓷的稳定性，为防止纳米颗粒在外场作用下的团聚和长大提供了理论基础和实验数据，具体工作有以下几方面：(1)采用共沉淀法和共沉淀-凝胶法制备了纳米氧化锆粉体，并分析了pH值和稳定剂含量对粉体性能的影响；(2)采用新型无压烧结工艺制备了纳米氧化锆陶瓷，并分析了成型压力和烧结温度对烧结体性能的影响；(3)采用低温无压烧结工艺制备出添加纳米铜的功能性纳米氧化锆复合陶瓷，并分析了烧结体的微观尺度和电学性能的变化以及影响因素；(4)通过自创的&鸡蛋清外敷法&在真空镀膜台上对纳米氧化锆粉体进行包敷碳颗粒的表面处理，并采用真空烧结工艺制得相应烧结体，初步开始解决陶瓷烧结过程中团聚长大这一传统难题；(5)通过分析纳米颗粒在制备烧结体过程中的实际特点，提出了&三球烧结数学模型&，通过引入坯体相对密度和孔隙率的相对关系分析并通过自行编写的数学拟合软件，验证了这一数学模型。

From the point view of the ecological compensation,this paper discusses the ecological impacts of JingDeZhen ceramic industry on the basis of investigation and analysis of both the amount of ceramic material consumption in JingDeZhen and the relevant ceramic material producing areas.Considering the ecological compens...

从生态补偿的角度，对景德镇陶瓷工业原料消耗量和原料产地进行了一定调查分析，讨论了景德镇陶瓷工业发展历程中对生态系统的影响；并且结合我国生态补偿的基本情况和景德镇陶瓷工业主要生态问题，说明了建设和完善景德镇陶瓷工业生态补偿机制的必要性；同时，提出了一些景德镇陶瓷工业生态补偿的可选择性措施。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。