除磷

According to the above study results, especially the steady operation of two-sludge system（2A/O+N 2SBR）, it can be proved that denitrification and excess phosphorus uptake are relatively independent and intersectant biological processes. The overlap is that denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteriawhich possesses the two bacterial metabolisms, could utilize nitrate as an electron acceptor for phosphorus uptake. The two-sludge system can not only combined biological phosphorus removal and denitrification processes to form a process in practical wastwater treatment , but also solved the main difficulties of current single-sludge systems:①the sludge age competition between phosphorus removing bacteria and nitrifier;② the substrate competition between denitrification and dephosphatation.

以上的研究结果，尤其是时间序列的双泥生物反硝化除磷脱氮系统工艺（2A/O+N 2SBR法）的稳定运行，不仅证明了生物脱氮与生物除磷是两个既相对独立又相互交叉的生理过程，其交叉点是同时拥有硝酸盐还原性和超量吸磷这两种生化特性的细菌进行的反硝化吸磷脱氮生化反应，而且双泥系统工艺克服了常规单泥生物脱氮除磷工艺的两大问题（①聚磷菌和硝化菌的SRT相互干扰；②反硝化与生物除磷竞争VFA），同时保证了脱氮和除磷效果，排水指标达到污水综合排水标准（GB8978-1996）的一级标准，具有实际工程使用价值。

According to the above study result, the diversity of microorganisms population in the SUFR system is complex and the bio-community formed in the SUFR system is stable. The close relations between abundance of bacteria and nutrients were found. The correlation between heterotrophic bacteria and COD was 0.949. The correlation between organic phosphate bacteria and TP was 0.815. The correlation between nitrosobacteria and NH3-N was 0.909. The correlation between disnitrifier bacteria and TN was 0.653. These inneglectable great factors effecting on phosphorus-uptake and phosphorus-release of phosphorus accumulating organisms are the influent COD、the concentration of DO、the sludge retention time、the temperature. The diversity of organic phosphate bacteria population in the SUFR reactor was complex and there is no phosphate bacteria taking the absolute superiority in quantity. The near-native pure culture method powerfully complement the traditional pure culture technique and enrich culture technique. The sludgy bioactivity is very good in whole SUFR reactor. By the quality of being biochemistry, the anaerobic phase is higher than anoxic phase and the anoxic phase is higher than aerobic phase of SUFR.

通过以上试验内容研究发现，SUFR 系统中的微型动物种群较多，微生物生态系统稳定；系统中微生物的数量与营养盐的含量密切相关，其中总异养菌与COD的相关系数r 为0.949，有机磷细菌与TP 的相关系数r 为0.815，亚硝化菌与NH4+-N的相关系数r 为0.909，反硝化菌的数量和TN 的相关系数r 为0.653；污水生物除磷工艺中进水COD 的浓度、DO 浓度、泥龄的长短、温度都是影响聚磷菌释磷及吸磷效果的不可忽视的因素；SUFR 系统中的磷细菌呈现种群多样化的趋势，没有占绝对优势数量的磷细菌；微孔滤膜近自然培养法是对传统纯培养技术和富集培养技术的有力补充；整个SUFR 反应器系统中污泥的生物活性很好，就可生化性来讲，厌氧反应器大于缺氧反应器大于好氧反应器；按照动力学方程式求出的细胞生长动力学特征值和SUFR 脱氮除磷系统工艺的实测值结果基本吻合。

The control standard of n itrogen and phos...

介绍了当前水体中磷、氮的控制标准和污水脱氮除磷(生化硝化、反硝化、生物除磷等)技术；同时适当选择了几例德国污水和地表水处理的典型工程实例。

The RE of TP, COD and turbidity except NH4+-N in the aeration process by adding AS and PAM for enhanced chemical phosphorus removal increased by 7.3~59.2%, 5.0~20.3% and 10.9~34.7%, respectively. Given enough dissolved oxygen, the nitrification was not affected by adding AS and PAM in the dosage range of the study. The RE of TP, COD and turbidity by postpose coagulation were better than by simultaneous coagulation, however, coagulation and sedimentation equipments were needed in postpose coagulation process. Therefore simultaneous coagulation was more suitable for transformation of AB process for chemically enhanced phosphorus removal.

曝气过程中投加AS和PAM复配化学强化除磷，总磷、COD、浊度去除率分别提高了7.3～59.2%、5.0～20.3%、10.9～34.7%，但不能提高氨氮的去除率；在溶解氧足够时，本研究投加量范围的AS和PAM的加入对硝化作用无影响；后置混凝对TP、COD、浊度的去除效果优于同步混凝，但需增加混凝沉淀设备，因此同步混凝更适合于于AB工艺的化学强化除磷改造。

When studying the influence of high phosphorus concentration on Alkalescence Phosphorus in Chlamydomonas sajao lewin and Scenedesmus obliquus, the results show that the quantity of removing phosphorus is influenced by the quantity of Alkalescence Phosphorus.

在研究高磷环境对沙角衣藻、斜生栅藻碱性磷酸酶的影响时发现，单个藻细胞除磷能力的大小与碱性磷酸酶合成量有密切的关系，除磷能力随碱性磷酸酶合成量的增加而增大。

On the basis of denitrifying phosphorus removal theory, the mechanism and process of denitrifying phosphorus removal were summarized and the capability of denitrifying phosphorus removal was compared with conventional process.

在介绍反硝化除磷理论的基础上，对反硝化除磷机理和工艺作了综合概括，并与传统好氧除磷进行了比较，重点说明了反硝化聚磷菌的研究现状和最新反硝化除磷工艺的特点。

The phosphorus removal experiment implies the increasing 100 mg/L MLSS concentrations can remove about 1 mg/L TP. The phosphorus removal efficiency can be improved by the increasing rate of MLSS concentrations. When everyday increasing rate of MLSS concentrations are about 500mg/L, the phosphorus removal efficiency would higher than 90%, effluent TP would be lower than 1 mg/L. When MLSS concentrations are fluctuating, effluent phosphorus would fluctuate correspondingly. Everyday the amount of discharging excess sludge can be prejudged by the amount of influent TP.

通过对反应器的除磷效果的研究，发现污泥浓度增长100 mg／L能去除将近1 mg／L TP；发现随着污泥浓度增长速率的增加，除磷效率相应提高；当污泥浓度的增长速率增加到每天500 mg／L时，磷的去除率将高于90％，并且出水TP浓度将低于1 mg／L；发现每天排放的剩余污泥量可以根据进水TP浓度来决定；发现最佳好氧与厌氧时间比T_是0.5；溶解氧冲击指数DO_I被首次提出，作为分析溶解氧DO影响的指标。

The effects of magnetic seed, aluminum sulphate and pH value on phosphorus adsorption, precipitation and coagulation were surveyed. The results made it clear that Al ion as precipitant and coagulant was the main effect factor on P removal; as adsorbent magnetic seed had little effect on P removal, but made the phosphate precipitate sink faster; pH value had effect on both precipitation and adsorption.

研究了磁种、硫酸铝、pH值等对磷的吸附、沉淀、凝聚的影响，结果表明：铝离子的沉淀作用是除磷的主要原因；磁种的吸附作用对除磷的贡献较小，但使磷酸盐沉淀物的沉降性能大大提高；pH值既影响沉淀作用，也影响吸附作用。

The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was proportional to that of phosphorus,but it was limited by the phosphorus concentration.

在除氮效能较高的运行条件下，除磷效能相应较高，但在除磷效能较低的情况下，除氮效能也受影响。

As a conclusion, it was proposed that, according to the characteristics of the wastewater to be treated, adding some simple organic materials with the ability of self-fermentation into the influent might help in speeding up the start-up course of anaerobic absorption system.

其中，前者属于生物除磷机理，即在厌氧条件下聚磷菌利用体内多聚磷酸盐分解产生的能量吸收并储存有机物，同时释放出ATP水解产生的正磷酸盐。后者则来自于对最初的生物除磷生化代谢模式(Comeau，1986)的修正Arun

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。