限界

Although bivalency may play a role, others have observed a plateau in drug uptake with the Fab′ fragments of the human chimerized version of the antibody, albeit over a more limited range of ligand numbers.

虽然抗体的二价性可能可能在此发挥作用，但其它人还观察到在使用人嵌合抗体的Fab′片段时，纵然配体数大大超出了限界，仍然能明显提高细胞对药物的摄取。

Smallest circle with a branch and bound method!

最小圆排列的分支限界法！

The topics are divided into three parts: the first part introduced the basic concepts of algorithms, mathematical algorithms and algorithms based on complexity analysis scheduling problem for the second part of the problem and plans to discuss a variety of existing algorithms, and describes the design of commonly used algorithms including sub-rule law, greedy method, dynamic programming, backtracking and branch and bound method, and describes the complexity of the calculation, as well as NP-complete problem the third part of the model on parallel computing and parallel algorithm design techniques.

全书分为3个部分：第一部分介绍算法的基本概念、算法的数学基础以及算法复杂度分析；第二部分针对排序问题和图的问题，讨论各种已有的算法，并介绍常用的算法设计方法包括分治法、贪心法、动态规划法、回溯法和分支限界法，并介绍了计算的复杂性以及NP完全问题；第三部分讲述并行计算模型和并行算法设计技术。

In this paper according to the principle of pre run time schedule,we propose a method of how to abstract a real system to the schedule module;how to find a valid solution or optimal solution by using branch and bound method and how to realize it in computer finally.

本文根据预调度原理提出了如何将现实系统抽象成调度模型；如何利用分支限界算法找到可行解或优化解以及如何在计算机上实现它，最后用测试实例验证了它的可行

An advanced branch and bound method which reduces the computer resolving time enormously and leads the reliability research of large-scale spatial frame structural systems close to practical use is presented on condition that the same computation accuracy is ensured.

导出了大型空间刚架结构系统某梁元断面达到塑性屈服极限时的修正刚度矩阵和相应的等效节点力向量；提出了在保证同等计算精度的条件下，可成倍地减少运算时间的改进分枝限界方法，使大型空间刚架结构系统的可靠性研究向实用化迈进；本文开发出可自动生成失效衡准，自动选择主要失效形式，追踪失效过程的计算机程序。

A revised branch and bound algorithm based on the idea of Horst (1976) is developed to minimize the tangent plane distance function to determine the thermodynamic stability of a postulated solution for the liquid phase equilibrium described by UNIQUAC or UNIFAC activity coefficient equations.

分支限界法是近年来发展起来的一种用于求解全局优化问题的确定性算法。在本文中，针对由UNIQUAC或UNIFAC活度系数方程描述的液相稳定性分析问题，我们发展了一种用于最小化切平面距离函数的改进的分支限界法。

This article, combined with the practical need, disserts the principle, method and process of the railway-tunneling gauge detection, and according to this designs an intellectualized locomotive-carried instrument for detecting the railway-tunneling gauge, which is based on the system of AT89C51 single-chip processor and includes mechanized, electronic and optical technology.

本论文是在与实际需要相结合的情况下，论述了铁路隧道限界检测的原理、方法和过程，并在此基础上提出了一种基于AT89C51单片机系统的，集机、电、光于一体的智能化车载型铁路隧道限界检测仪器。

The bogie is based on PRIMA freight electric locomotive of France and is improved in the light of the demands by domestic railway transport. Its design and production is based on international standards like EN, UIC and ISO, and is in combination with the requirement on the lower limit by GB 146.1-83 "locomotive and rolling stock limits".

转向架基于法国PRIMA货运机车转向架，结合我国铁路运输需求进行了适应性改进设计，其设计、制造采用的标准以EN、UIC和ISO等国际标准为主，同时也符合GB 146.1-83&机车车辆限界&对机车下部限界的要求。

Include the following types:(1) check value car, for the railway Vehicles weighing, the actual track is a kind of moving in large weights;(2) Power generation car, the car has a small power station, they can always call on the railway line on the power supply;(3) gauge inspection vehicles, for inspection and verification of railway bridges, tunnels and other large buildings close to the limits in order to determine the safety of vehicles;(4) test cars were equipped with test equipment, used to measure and record rolling stock and railway line performance parameters;( 5) The rescue vehicles, for the train accident occurs, clear the line obstructions and incidents from re-rolling stock;(6) LTL office vehicles for the LTL freight train crew members, escort personnel work and rest;(7) Ballast cars transport and shop for the construction of lines unloading ballast;(8) long rail vehicles for the transport of long rail or recycle that old rail;(9) snow vehicles, clear the rail line, the snow outside.

包括以下几种类型：（1）检衡车，供铁路车辆称重用，实际是一种可在轨道上移动的大砝码；（2）发电车，车内设有小型电站，可随时调用于铁路线路上供电；（3）限界检查车，用于检查和核对铁路桥梁、隧道等大型建筑物的接近限界，以确定车辆通过的安全性；（4）试验车，车上装有试验设备，用于测量和记录机车车辆和铁路线路的性能参数；（5）救援车，用于列车运行发生事故时，清除线路障碍物和起复事故机车车辆；（6）零担办公车，供零担货物列车乘务人员、押运人员工作和休息；（7）石碴车，用于修建线路运送和铺卸石碴；（8）长钢轨车，用于载运长钢轨或回收旧钢轨；（9）除雪车，清除线路钢轨内、外侧积雪。

Traveling speed and structure gauge are critical factors that have great impact on the construction scale and operation safety of Yangtze river crossing shield tunnels.

行车速度与建筑限界是盾构过江通道建设规模和运营安全的重要影响因素，以泰州过江通道为依托，并从隧道内的驾驶特性、交通安全、国内外实际情况、通行能力与工程造价等技术和经济的多个角度，对建筑限界的横向宽度进行对比论证，并结合实际交通组成，提出了泰州盾构过江通道的建筑限界与行车速度的可行方案。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。