降水分布

How to better simulate the advection and distribution of water substance has an important significance for the improvement of the numerical weather prediction, especially for precipitation.

如何更好地模拟水物质的平流和分布，对于数值天气预报效果的改进，特别是对于更好地模拟降水过程，具有重要的意义。

The results show that:(1) the dynamical conditions for returnflow events are a little different from other rainfall events, with divergence and anticyclonic circulation at lower levels;(2) the air of the returnflow from Northeast China, through the Bohai Sea, then to North China, is relatively dry.

结果表明：涡度和散度的垂直分布与一般的降水过程不同，低层存在辐散和反气旋环流；自东北南下经渤海回流到华北平原的空气是比较干的。该文分析结果有助于预报业务人员了解回流天气，提高华北回流天气的预报准确率。

NPP of deciduous broadleaf forest, grass and crop has strong correlation with precipitation in spatial distribution.

落叶阔叶林、草地和农作物NPP与降水的空间分布具有显著的相关关系。

Be based on the observation data that measures a station about hydrology atmosphere , the spatio-temporal distributinging feature of precipitation of the Xinjiang below calefacient to the whole world setting , evolved into trend and metabolic reason to undertake an analysis .

基于有关水文气象测站的观测资料，对全球变暖背景下新疆降水的时空分布特征，演变趋向和变化原因进行了分析。

Chernozem A freely draining CALCAREOUS SOLL found in regions with high summer rainfall, characterized by humus distributed fairly evenly throughout the profile.

黑钙土：在夏季降水多的地区发现的一种含钙的土壤，它的特点是腐殖质的分布比较均匀。

Induced precursory anomalies have 7 main features,i.e.diversity of types,the nonlinearity correlating with the change of rain and groudwater,the periodicity and seasonal feature of occurrence,hierarchical feature of variation,tussocky feature in temporal distribution,broad area in...

诱发前兆异常具有 7个主要的特征，即种类的多样性、与降水及地下水变化关系的非线性、发生的周期性和季节性、变化的层次性、时间分布的成丛性、空间分布的大区域性以及多种手段异常变化的时空关联性等。

Pure-remote sensing information models are free of the numerous distributional parameters that are difficult to obtain in vast area. The following sections are included in the study.(1) The VCI and SVI based on time-series NDVI data are used to analyse regional drought and the following results were reached: As the vegetation growth status index, the response of VCI and SVI to precipitation was land cover type, temporal and site specified. So VCI and SVI have little information about drought when used to monitor regional drought especially in China that has a mountainous topographty.(2) Based on the interpretation of NDVI-Ts space, NDVI and land surface temperature was combined to construct NVDI-Ts space from which the TVDI (Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index) was obtained with line ratio method and normalized slopes method. When compared with the topsoil moisture measured in situ, TVDI are competent in regional drought monitoring. Illumed by the NDVI-Ts space, we combined the NDVI with day/night land surface temperature difference and apparent thermal inertia to construct NDVI-ΔT and NDVI-ATI spaces from which the DVDI and AVDI were estimated respectively with 8-day composite MODIS 〓 product and 16-day composite MODIS NDVI product.

具体包括以下几方面的内容：(1)VCI和SVI在干旱监测中的作用评价：探讨利用NDVI时间系列数据建立的植被状态指数和标准植被指数评价区域干旱的可行性，研究结果表明：VCI和SVI作为植被相对生长状况指标，对降水的响应随着植被覆盖类型、时间和空间等而表现出不同的敏感性，因此在大区域干旱监测中，特别是我国这样地形复杂多样的国家，VCI和SVI在干旱监测中的作用都是有限的；(2)利用TVDI评价全国干旱等级分布：结合陆地表面温度和植被指数建立NDVI-T〓空间，在NDVI-T〓空间物理意义理解的基础上，分别采用线段比值法和斜率归一化法构建温度植被干旱指数，并利用TVDI研究了我国2000年3～5月份各旬的干旱分布，取得比较满意的结果。

The distribution characteristics of permafrost in this area were described based on drilling investigation. With the increase of altitude, the seasonally frozen ground zone is subrogated by patchy permafrost zone and then by continuous permafrost zone.

多年冻土分布具有明显的高度地带性，随高度增加，冻土分布呈现出季节冻土－岛状冻土－连续冻土更替，同时，多年冻土下界高程与经度明显相关，自西向东表现出下降趋势，下降率约为每经度150m，这一变化与降水在东西方向的变化有关。

Results indicate that WRF and MM5 both can imitate distribution and tendency of the rain belt of this storm rainfall course.

结果表明：WRF和MM5都能较好的模拟这次暴雨过程雨带的分布和走向，而WRF能更好的模拟降水中心的位置和雨量；与暴雨过程相联系的低空急流和涡度场等分布特征的模拟，WRF模式亦优于MM5模式。

The altostratus base is 2 km high, and cloud top is higher than 5 km. The supercooled water exists abundantly in the cloud, the maximum is up to 0.21 g.m-3 at -11.20℃, but its distribution is not homogeneous, 87%of continuous distribution width are less than 2.4 km, which is disadvantage to the rime increasing of ice crystal in the cloud. Meanwhile, the evaporation effect of subcloud raindrop is very big, the diameter of raindrops which could not arrive the ground is less than 1 mm. Therefore, The cold vortex process produces the weak precipitation.

As云底高2 km，云顶高大于5 km，云中存在比较大的过冷水区，-11.2℃时的过冷水含量0.21 g.m-3，但过冷水的含量分布极不均匀，大于0.05 g.m-3的过冷水区连续分布的宽度87%小于2.4 km，不利于云中冰晶的连续凇附增长；同时云下雨滴的蒸发效应大，直径小于1.0 mm的雨滴难以落到地面，因此本次过程只产生弱的降水。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。