降水

Precipitation analysis sub-system . Precipitation is the ultimate origin of water resource. According to the statistics of precipitation material in the past 50years, the spatial database of precipitation was founded, it included the location of precipitation observation stations, mensal precipitation, and so on.

1降水分析子系统降水是水资源最根本的来源，根据过去50年降水观测资料，建立降水量空间数据库，包括雨量观测站位置、按月统计的降水量等。

The frequency of acid rain with the southeasterly airflow is twice as large as that with the northeasterly airflow in inverted troughs.

张铮等在两广地区春季酸雨观测中发现：在冷锋降水过程里，降水平均pH值低于5.0，为酸性降水[3]。

The sensitivity experiment reveals that the SSTA of 1.5℃ can lead to anomalous neighborhood rainfall that extends northeastward and possibly reaches the south of China. Meanwhile, the anomaly of latent heat release due to rainfall stimulates a thermal adaptation of neighboring air and then causes the anomaly of SHWP.

敏感性试验结果表明，BOB1.5℃的海温异常可以引起邻近区域的降水异常响应，异常的降水向东北方向伸展，可以到华南；降水异常的凝结潜热释放造成了附近大气环流的热力适应，从而导致了西太副高的异常。

The observations show that the typhoon rainfalls over Taiwan area are significantly affected by the Taiwan orography. Heavy rainfalls usually observed over the up-slope area of the typhoon cyclonic circulation impending the mountains.

从台风降水资料分析显示，台湾地区台风降水和地形有相当密切的关系，各地较大降水发生时机是当台风中心移到台风之气旋式环流可吹向地形，当地处於迎风面时发生。

The results show that the variations of summer temperature and precipitation in Chongqing contain obvious staggered features. The variations of precipitation are more complex than that of temperature. Three\|year period\|oscillation of mean temperature variations is the strongest,...

结果表明，重庆市夏季气温及降水变化具有明显的阶段性，且降水变化较气温更复杂；重庆市夏季平均气温变化以3年周期振动最强，而降水变化则以10年周期振动最强。

There is significant positive correlation between interannual variation of atmospheric circulation(200 Hpa) in area 25?

25°N——50°N，110°E——145°E一带大气环流(200hPa)的年际变化与华北相应各月降水的年际变化有显著的正相关关系：(25°N——50°N，110°E——145°E)一带200hPa位势高度正异常，华北相应各月降水偏多，反之，当为负异常时，华北相应各月降水偏少。

N-50°N, 110°E-145°E and that of the rainfall in each month, there issignificant positive correlation between interannual variation of former low level atmospheric circulation and that of the rainfall in Spring and May.

华北春季、5月降水的年际变化与前期低纬大气环流的年际变化有显著的正相关关系：当西太平洋-印度洋上空2-3月200hPa位势高度正异常时，西太平洋副高偏强、偏西，华北存季降水年际、年代际变化及其成因，华北春季、5月降水偏多。

The GPI method assumes that the cloud with brightness temperature below 235K would be rainy, then the area of rain is equal to the coverage of cold cloud below 235K. It may be suitable for most part of China at tropic and subtropic area. But for northern part and plateau area of China, the GPI overestimates precipitation due to lack of enough water vapor.

4GPI方法假定云顶亮温低于235K时，将产生降水，降水区的面积就等于低于235K亮温覆盖的区域，这在热带和中纬度大部分地区可能是适用的，但对我国北方干旱地区以及高原地区，则存在明显的高估，表明有云不一定会有雨，为了修正西北部降水的系统性高估，引入相对湿度修正因子，即在一定温度条件下，加上一定的湿度条件，才能形成降水。

Through the analysis on the history data, we find out the rule that precipitation how to effect on wheat yield in summer, and how to estimate the wheat yield trend of next year. It is important to direct the wheat production, and to promote the wheat yield.

通过对历史资料的分析，找出夏季降水对小麦产量影响的一般规律，进一步找出利用夏季降水的丰缺程度对翌年小麦产量趋势作出预测的方法，对于指导小麦生产趋利避害，巧用气候资源，合理组装小麦生产的配套技术，以及最大限度的利用自然降水资源，促进小麦单产大幅度提高，具有十分重要的意义。

Results show that there are multi-time scale periodic variations in AOI, the temperature and precipitation in Northwest China with significant syntonic periods of qausi-3 a between AOI and the precipitation, while the multi-time scale correlations between AOI and the temperature are quasi-2 a, 3-5 a and about 8-11 a with the strongest coherency in 8-11 a syntonic period. The influence of AO on temperature is more remarkable than that on precipitation in Northwest China for the interaction of their interdecada1 variation.

结果表明，AOI、西北地区降水和气温变化都存在着不同尺度的周期振荡，西北地区降水与AOI之间存在准3 a尺度的显著共振周期，而AOI与西北地区气温变化的多时间尺度相关表现为准2a、3~5 a和8~11 a左右的显著相关振荡且以8~11 a共振周期的凝聚性最强；AO对西北地区气温变化的影响比对降水的影响更显著，与其年代际尺度的相互作用有关。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。