降低电压的

He Cross-Talk problem of big capacity IPSLCD is same to TNLCD, the TFT method is a effective way to solve this problem, but the design of electrode and store capacity affected the aperture ratio and threshold voltage.

FT-IPS电极设计和存储电容设计对于器件的驱动电压和开口率有很大影响，本文从降低器件的驱动电压和扩大开口率的角度出发，对TFT-IPS电极设计进行优化设计，并设计了新型存储电容，使得开口率提高了22％。

The electropinning parameters (voltage, concentration and C-SD) influenced the mechanical properties of electrospun nylon 6 fiber mats. With increase of the solution concentration, the breaking stress and strain of the mat became large. The effect of C-SD was contrary. The nylon 6 fiber mat electrospun on the high voltage had low elongation but high strength.

静电纺尼龙6纤维毡的断裂强度和断裂伸长率随着浓度的增加都有增加的趋势；随着电压的增加，其断裂强度先减小后增大，断裂伸长率随电压增加而降低；断裂强度、断裂伸长率和断裂比功随着C-SD的增加都有减小的趋势。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

To avoid the serious electromagnetic interferer, the analog signals are transformed to frequency pulses which are transferred to the kernel of the system. In the measure of the groove voltage, the method of float-ground is adopted to avoid the high common signal and the range switch circuit is designed to solve the conflict of the wide dynamic range and the high precision. least square Curvefit is adopted to reduce the system error.

铝电解生产现场电磁干扰非常严重，为此我们将需要测量的模拟信号就近转换为频率脉冲后再传送到控制核心；采用浮地接入方式消除槽电压信号中的共模成分；设计了量程自动切换电路以解决槽电压的动态范围宽和测量精度高的矛盾；用最小二乘法进行曲线拟和以降低测量的系统误差。

To reduce the arrester switching and lightning protection level as well as spare parts for the arrester , this paper suggests the 600 kV rated voltage of the line side arrester be selected.

提出了线路侧避雷器的额定电压选为600kV，以降低线路侧操作和雷电过电压的保护水平，减少避雷器备品和备件的建议。

Quantum effects in Si n-MOS inversion layer at high substrate concentration. Solid-State Electron, 1990, 33(12): 1581～15854 Van Dort M J, Woorlee P H, Walker A J, et al. Influence of high substrate doping levels on the threshold voltage and the mobility of deep-submicrometer MOSFET's.

结果表明：在高衬底掺杂浓度时，即使在弱反型区量子化效应也能导致载流子分布和电流产生明显的降低(例如： 1.5×1018 cm-3时，可降低一个数量级以上)，从而导致开启电压的升高。

With the increase of applied voltage,decrease of discharge gap and conductivity of solution,nitrobenzene degradation rate increases.

随着电压的升高、电极间距的降低和溶液电导率的降低，高压脉冲放电现象得到加强，硝基苯的降解速度得到提高。

The C-band magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator has teen simulated by the three dimensional PIC code in order to study the influence of non symmetry excitation mechanisms on its output modes. It is found that the non symmetry excitation mechanisms, such as random emitting of cathode electron anti the long rise tunic and low magnitude of input voltage, could product higher order modes and reduce output power.

为理解磁绝缘线振荡器实验中频频出现的模式竞争问题，利用3维全电磁粒子模拟程序对C波段MILO的实验模型进行研究，探索各种非对称激励机制对产生微波模式的影响，结果显示：阴极电子随机发射、电压的慢上升前沿、较低的电压等因素都可导致非对称高阶模式的产生，并使输出微波功率大大降低。

As the increase of power dissipation and the decrease of power voltage value, voltage drop becomes more and more serious.

随着功耗的增加和电源电压的降低，电压降落变得越来越严重。

But when it gets to a certain point, the desalting rate basically does not change with the change of voltage.

脱盐率随流量的升高而降低，随电压的升高而升高，但达到一定值后，脱盐率基本不随电压的变化而变化。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。